Presidente Prudente - FCT - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://hdl.handle.net/11449/254621

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 449

Impactos ambientais na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego do Saltinho – Presidente Prudente – São Paulo - Brasil
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023-02-23) Rocha, Ramon Gomes ; Leal, Antonio Cezar ; Araújo, Renata Ribeiro de ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Os impactos ambientais ocorrem diariamente, eles podendo ser visíveis ou invisí-veis. Esses impactos ambientais têm como principal agente, o ser humano, aconte-cendo em indústrias, nas áreas rurais, nas casas, em parques ou até mesmo nas ruas. Entende-se que sempre vivemos nas bacias hidrográficas, mas nem sempre vivemos em aglomerados. Logo, a partir do momento que as pessoas começaram a construir cidades para terem uma melhor qualidade de vida, podendo ter emprego, escola para seus filhos entre outros fatores, o homem começou a modificar e des-matar a cobertura da terra. Foi em meio à essa ocupação da terra, com desmatamen-to e aglomeração urbana que os impactos ambientais começaram a se intensificar, pois diversas bacias hidrográficas começaram a perder vegetação, quantidade e qualidade de água, ganhando área urbanizada. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar os impactos ambientais que podem estar ocorrendo no córrego do Saltinho, sub-bacia localizada ao sul do córrego do Veado, em Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, verificar a situação ambiental desta bacia hidrográfica, fazer um levan-tamento sobre leis ambientais e apresentar propostas de melhoria para seu estado ambiental. Dentro desses objetivos foram realizados trabalhos de campo, levanta-mento bibliográfico sobre o tema e sobre legislações ambientais criadas no Brasil. Foram elaborados também mapas de localização, mapas de uso e cobertura da terra com imagens disponibilizadas pelo Google Earth dos anos 2010 e 2022. A partir de-les foram gerados tabelas e gráficos para comparar a situação ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Saltinho. Com esses dados e informações foi possível identificar diversos resíduos sólidos descartados na bacia hidrográfica, sendo eles orgânicos, inorgânico e biodegradáveis. Além disso, foi possível diagnosticar baixa cobertura vegetal na bacia hidrográfica, com ocorrência maior apenas nas Áreas de Preservação Permanente do córrego do Saltinho, mas com qualidade inferior ao esperado. Outro fator possível de notar é a desigualdade social, com alguns condo-mínios e casas com alto poder aquisitivo, observadas nas cotas mais altas da bacia hidrográfica e em contraposição as moradias mais precárias nas cotas mais baixas. Os resultados permitiram observar que a cobertura da terra neste córrego é resultado de um processo de urbanização proporcionado por ações de órgãos públicos, orga-nizações privadas, empresas de diferentes tipos e inclusive casas feitas por emprei-teiras ou pessoas físicas, com desmatamento da vegetação existente na bacia hi-drográfica. Por fim, para a melhoria ambiental desta bacia hidrográfica foram apre-sentadas propostas de implementação de projetos de conservação e preservação, como por exemplo, a criação de parques lineares. Para isso, são necessárias novas pesquisas, trabalhando respectivamente sobre o assunto para que essa construção não traga nenhum problema para essa bacia hidrográfica.
Fragilidade ambiental aplicada ao planejamento municipal em Presidente Venceslau - SP
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023-01-31) Oliveira, Sara Bastos de ; Gouveia, Isabel Cristina Moroz Caccia
O atual cenário brasileiro de crescimento exponencial do setor agropecuário não se difere na região do Pontal do Paranapanema, Estado de São Paulo. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar e investigar a fragilidade ambiental no município de Presidente Venceslau-SP, segundo a metodologia proposta por Ross (1994) no modelo desenvolvido para identificar as áreas mais propensas à erosão linear, baseado também nos dados do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo (IPT, 2012) e para identificar as variáveis que agravam os processos erosivos, baseada na compreensão das características e da dinâmica do ambiente natural. Historicamente o uso e ocupação do território, desde sua origem, foi marcado por conflitos agrários que refletem hoje na situação que pode ser compreendida como desorganização do território. A proposta do trabalho é estudar a Fragilidade Ambiental, com análises e elaboração de mapas ambientais, e discutir sua aplicação no Planejamento Municipal, sendo o produto final o Mapa de Fragilidade Emergente com Erosões de Presidente Venceslau-SP, que aponta áreas com diferentes níveis de fragilidade e suscetibilidade à processos erosivos, que podem servir como indicadores para os potenciais e fragilidades no município de Presidente Venceslau-SP, contribuindo para a organização do território.
Um olhar para o invisível: proposta de requalificação dos espaços públicos da Vila Santo Antônio, Campos do Jordão - SP
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023-07-06) Ferri, Amanda Guedes ; Goes, Eda Maria ; Simão, Karina Machado de Castro
O presente Trabalho Final de Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo apresenta uma proposta de conexão e qualificação para os espaços públicos da Vila Santo Antônio, em Campos do Jordão - SP, com base em uma fundamentação teórica e análise de referências projetuais. Primeiramente, contextualiza-se a origem e formação do espaço urbano do município, a fim de compreender seu processo de produção, o qual é marcado por características atípicas se comparadas às dos processos de urbanização tradicionais, sendo elas: formação a partir de três centros e relação direta com aspectos ambientais inerentes ao território. Na sequência, são apresentados os contextos de surgimento das ocupações em encostas no Brasil, em Campos do Jordão e na Vila Santo Antônio, com o intuito de compreender os processos de produção e formação desses espaços urbanos. Além disso, realiza-se a conceituação do termo favela com base nas discussões do Observatório de Favelas. Além disso, define-se espaço público e sua importância para as cidades, entendendo-o, essencialmente, como lugar de promoção de convívio entre diferentes. São abordadas as ideias de Jane Jacobs e Jan Gehl sobre esses espaços, contidas nos livros ‘Morte e vida das grandes cidades’ e ‘Cidade para pessoas’, respectivamente, além do estudo de duas referências projetuais, a fim de darem suporte para a definição de diretrizes, que orientam a proposta e o projeto desta monografia.
Fragmentação socioespacial e desigualdades: mudanças recentes na cidade de Dourados/MS
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023-12-14) Brambilla, Pamela de Lima ; Legroux, Jean Adrien José ; Sposito, Maria Encarnação Beltrão
Este trabalho de conclusão de curso tem como objetivo analisar, a partir da perspectiva da habitação, desdobramentos dos processos de produção e reprodução de desigualdades e diferenciação que apontam para a lógica socioespacial fragmentária em curso no plano da cidade e do urbano de Dourados, no Mato Grosso do Sul. Delineado o objetivo central, serão discutidas duas políticas habitacionais: o Banco Nacional de Habitação (BNH) e o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), destacando o papel da atuação do poder público e do capital imobiliário na produção do espaço urbano. A análise será construída através de uma metodologia quali-quantitativa, apoiada nos resultados divulgados pelas pesquisas do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), a partir dos Censos Demográficos dos anos de 2000 e 2010, para desenvolver índices relacionados a aspectos sociodemográficos que possibilitem o mapeamento e a construção de uma topografia que revelem a espacialização das diferenciações. Os resultados do trabalho, construídos em associação com literatura e a pesquisa empírica de dois bairros originados dessas políticas habitacionais, apontam para a existência de segregação socioespacial e para a condição periférica dos bairros do PMCMV, em contraste com a centralidade dos bairros originados pelo BNH. Além disso, são observados novos processos de reprodução do espaço, sobretudo pela atuação do capital imobiliário, voltados para classes médias e altas, na construção de espaços residenciais fechados autossegregados, criando novas periferias, conflitando com a urbanização e a expansão do espaço. Assim, pretendemos contribuir para a compreensão das transformações urbanas em Dourados, destacando a importância de políticas habitacionais efetivas que visem a redução das desigualdades socioespaciais, além de evidenciar os desafios enfrentados no contexto da produção de um espaço urbano difuso.
Metodologia Ativa no Ensino de Física: uso de gincanas relacionadas à óptica
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-10) Precoma, Luis Henrique ; Albas, Agda Eunice de Souza ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Utilização de Resíduos de Construção Civil e Demolição (RCD) como material não plástico para a produção de tijolos cerâmicos
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2016-03-17) Gaspareto, Milena Gomes Talavera ; Teixeira, Silvio Rainho ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Civil construction and demolition waste (CDW) represents on average 50% of the municipal solid waste in the world. Considering, in Brazil, an average CDW per capita generation rate of 500 kg/inhabitant per year, is estimated a generation of 260 thousand tons/day. In addition, just few cities have CDW Recycling Plants, increasing the amount of improperly disposed waste. In this way, it was proposed in this work the incorporation of CDW in the ceramic mass for the production of massive bricks, in order to present a new option of suitable destination for the CDW, with consequent savings of the clay raw material. As the clays in the region have high plasticity, it requires the addition of non-plastic material (such as sandy) to bring its composition and plasticity. The experimental methodology used is based on the use of CDW as a non-plastic material, whose pre-established composition is 50/30/20: ceramics, mortar and concrete. The physical, chemical and structural properties of the clay and CDW were characterized by performing textural, thermal, chemical and X-ray diffraction test in the samples. The granulometric distribution of the CDW was obtained by using sieves of mesh size less than 10 mm and of the clay by the pipette method. For the preparation of test specimens, the CDW was ground and mixed with clay and water using a concrete mixer to homogenize the mixture. After homogenization, the material was pressed using a steel die and a manual hydraulic press, obtaining the cylindrical specimens (CPS) ( = 30 mm), approximately 60 mm high...
Casa abrigo para recuperação e empoderamento de mulheres em situação de violência
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-01-31) Moreira, Marina Polletti ; Anhesim, Aline Alves ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Gender violence is one of the major social problems that has serious consequences for women. It is characterized with aggression to the body and mind with negative impact on social development, compromising the social enviroment and the human rights of these women. The city of Presidente Prudente, located in west of the state of São Paulo, as well as many other Brazilian municipalities show an alarming situation on the subject. Some of the currently available public services offer help, but they are not places that are specifically developed and trained to deal with these women. Many of these women need more than a psychological treatment and medical follow-up from a temporary place to settle away from their abuser and ultimately cut off a cycle of violence, suffering, and relationship dependence. This project serves as a proposal to present the theoretical and practical development of a safe space for women in situations of gender violence in the city of Presidente Prudente. The development and result of this project will be through critical and detailed analyzes on this public places that have these women as their focus, searchings envolving these women and public places that help them on this area, beyond studies on the city for a better buildings insertions
Em favor da cidade aberta: revertendo processos de privatização em Ilha Solteira (SP), a partir do residencial Ilha Bela
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-10) Sampaio, Inayara Santos ; Góes, Eda Maria ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Manifestações agressivas na educação infantil: um estudo com base na teoria winnicottiana
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-13) Manfré, Viviane Barrozo ; Wiezzel, Andreia Cristiane Silva ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
One of the main complaints of educators working in early childhood education is the excessive manifestation of aggression by children, which has interfered in their learning and social development. The general objective of the research was to investigate the possible causes of aggressive manifestations of a preschool children and to intervene in order to contribute to the quality of their interpersonal relationships. To do so, it had specific objectives: 1 - Identify the relationship difficulties presented by the child; 2 - rebuild your life history; and 3 - provide the child with moments of welcome, expression and possible conflict-building through playful activity. The method used was the qualitative research, with contribution to psychoanalysis, especially the theoretical reference of Winnicott. As instruments of data collection, interviews with the teacher and parents, participant observation and play activities with the child were used. The data were analyzed from the choice of toys, ways of manipulating them and verbalisations of the child. From the analysis of the collected data and the theory studied, one can conclude that John found in the jokes the possibility of working feelings and conflicts, repeating in playing everyday situations, working with reality data, fantasy, and, if amusing
Criança tímida na escola: possíveis causas e intervenção lúdica
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-09) Carlos, Michele da Silva ; Wiezzel., Andreia Cristiane Silva ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
MENINA GORDA NÃO TEM VEZ: problematizando a gordofobia e as consequências no desenvolvimento das crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-14) Pinheiro, Ana Beatriz Teixeira ; Silva, Divino José da ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
One problem related to obesity that reflects a lot in the lives of all overweight people is prejudice. Within this context, the present work aims to show, through bibliographical research, how gordofobia affects women since the years of elementary education. This prejudice has remained unknown for a long time and research on it is recent. However, the fat-phobic practice has been around for a long time. The choice of this theme arose because the author has already been a victim of such prejudice, even in adulthood, causing years of problems and treatments. If this prejudice in adult life causes serious problems, in childhood the reaction to it is even worse. Thinking about this, one notices the need for research and ideas that might lead one to think of possible solutions to work with gophobia in schools. The personality of the child is formed in childhood, so the emotional damage occasioned at this stage may accompany her for the rest of her life. In addition to the psychological and social problems of obese children, they are often abused and discriminated against by their friends, where they are excluded from activities and often ridiculed. They tend, therefore, to exhibit feelings of inferiority and rejection, a sense of failure, and low self-esteem. Thus, it is hoped to contribute to a wide discussion in schools about the prejudice to people who are overweight, as it is a relevant topic and can prevent the suffering of children and adolescents
A abordagem construcionista, contextualizada e significativa e o trabalho com projetos: promovendo a aprendizagem e a inclusão social de um estudante com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-09-08) Garcia, Carolaine de Santana ; Lima, Ana Virginia Isiano ; Schlünzen, Elisa Tomoe Moriya ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The present research was carried out as a compulsory curricular activity for the conclusion of the Degree in Pedagogy of the Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT / Unesp), campus of Presidente Prudente. The construction of inclusive educational practices is one of the challenges inherent in the Brazilian educational scenario, since it presupposes the development of teaching and learning practices for all, based on respect for the specificities and differences of each one. Thus, working with the Project Methodology, based on the principles defended by the Constructivist, Contextualized and Significant approach (CCS), allows the development of inclusive learning situations that value the specificities of students, their difficulties, abilities and potentialities. In this sense, the following work aimed to understand how the CCS approach and the work with projects favor the learning and the social inclusion of a student with Down Syndrome. For this, this study was developed based on the qualitative methodological approach, of the research-action type, carried out through a field research. The research center was the Center for the Promotion of Digital, School and Social Inclusion (CPIDES) located at the FCT / Unesp, and the interventions took place with a Special Education Target Public Student (EPAEE) with the diagnosis of Down Syndrome and Disability Intellectual Property (DI). In view of the teaching and learning situations developed, it was evidenced that the CCS approach and the work with projects allowed the construction of a favorable environment for learning and digital inclusion, school and social of the student, since it had the opportunity to learn, in the its pace, pleasantly and meaningfully
O espaço no berçário
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-23) Silva, Géssica Valéria Martins da ; Ariosi, Cinthia Magda Fernandes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The present work aims to show how the non - domiciliary collective spaces and the importance of their organization should be focused on the physical space of the day care center. In order to show the environments that are fundamental, in other words, that all daycare centers should have, the theme was chosen based on the experiences of the Supervised Internship of Teaching in Early Childhood Education - Nursery, carried out by two students of the Pedagogy Licentiate course of the Faculty of Sciences and Technology Unesp campus of Presidente Prudente. One of the experiences occurred in a private institution and the other in a public institution. The private institution presents fundamental environments for the comfort and learning of children, such as rest room, activity room, nursery and lactario, which the public day care does not present, it is important to point out that the public institution is an old building, so doesn't dispose of these spaces, it was adapted as possible. During the observation of the spaces of the institutions and analyzing some documents we understand the importance of the physical space, transforming into a welcoming environment, which guarantees comfort, physical security, offers opportunities and challenges for the construction of the identity and autonomy of the child, allowing them to express themselves in their diverse languages, with a learning that respect them as social subjects, respecting the right to be a child. The materials and furniture that were far from the children today should be within their reach. The organization of this environment may change as planned...
O papel atribuído à didática nas publicações do GT 04 da ANPED
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-10-08) Vieira, Daniele dos Santos Martins ; Rinaldi, Renata Portela ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Inclusão escolar e a situação do déficit intelectual: metas e conquistas
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-19) Carrara, Eliane Fonseca ; Villela, Fabio Camargo Bandeira ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This study aims to understand school inclusion, especially in relation to students with Intellectual Deficit (ID) in the scope of elementary education I, and contribute to its improvement. It is understood that the ID imposes a complex and challenging adaptation of the child and the school that receives it, with a view to guarantee the evolution and permanence of these subjects in the school space. It addresses the unique need of each child, anxiety, desire and possible partnerships with the family in the process of school inclusion. We also observe the legislation that protects children with disabilities in relation to their good training and the lack of preparation of teachers, combined with a slow evolution regarding strategies and pedagogical material adopted. The child is not being looked at as the center of the process. In an attempt to place it in the position established by its own legislation, the research analyzes children's testimonies and about them, published by several authors, in addition to highlighting significant aspects analyzed by researchers who are dedicated to the area of school inclusion, searching for new paths for the success of it in its trajectory. This research has a bibliographic character, having as background the experiences lived by the author in the school space during her initial teacher training. It is pointed out as important results of the work the recognition of the possibilities of development of the child with Intellectual Deficit in the school space, whenever the teaching and learning strategies, the interaction with the teacher and / or caregiver, and the pedagogical resources are adequate to their specificities
Jogo heurístico: um tesouro a descobrir
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-14) Cezar, Pamela de Sá ; Ariosi, Cinthia Magda Fernandes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The Heuristic play is an approach and not a prescription, it depends on the educator use your creativity and imagination for a good play, using objects present in your day by day. Elinor Goldschmied is the author of this approach and also of the treasure baskets, our research is based on her. The Heuristic play should be carried out in sessions without adults' stimulus, and with several objects for that the children make their own discoveries and play the way that they find it better, this kind of play can't be offered every day, because the children lose the interest, the ideal is that always put a new object in the baskets and in the end of each session the children to keep them. We report the Heuristic play through an experience in a maternal class of a municipal Nursery school of Narandiba, during three sessions, only once a week, that was when we can join the pratic with the theory and we had excellent results
O desenvolvimento saudável da criança de 0 a 24 meses segundo Emmi Pikler
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-10-23) Gomes, Erily Eriane Souza Santos ; Ariosi, Cinthia Magda Fernandes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
In this scientific paper, we'll discuss what should be the healthy development of a child according to Emmi Pikler, answering the following questions: How does the healthy development of a child occur? and What is the contribution of Pikler to daycare practices?. To answer those questions, we had carried out a qualitative bibliographical data survey in order to deal with the theme. We realizedthat this subject is little addressed, but gradually is gaining space in the field of research. In addressing this issue, we want to highlight how the natural development of a child occurs, and what practice the educator must adopt so that it does not bring losses. Pikler's approach is about respect, freedom and autonomy of a child, promoting health, physical, affective and emotional well-being, without the need for direct educator mediation. In this way the role of the adult is: to create an adequate space so that the child can have its autonomy; to build affective bonding in a way that it will bring security; and to have a watchful eye for all their needs
Desafios do professor na atuação da Escola Pública nos anos iniciais: análise em Anais de Eventos (2007-2017)
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-11-13) Nakashima, Edna Guedes ; Lima, Vanda Moreira Machado ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Análise sobre atomística nos livros de Química do PNLD 2018 com base na História e Filosofia da Ciência
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-07-03) Bignardi, Camila ; Gibin, Gustavo Bizarria ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
In this work, the Chemistry's textbooks chosen by the National Program of Textbooks and Didactic Materials (NPTD) 2018 were analyzed in order to verify if Science's History and Philosophy (SHP) are contextualized in the chapters about atomistic. It was evaluated if the SHP has a formal, superficial approaching, or if it has applied the scientific revolutions concept of Thomas Kuhn (2013). The historic and philosophical Science context must to be approached in classes according to National Curricular Parameters (NCP) to promote the student closer to scientific knowledge. The results showed that usually the textbook approach the scientist roles individually, without to consider the social and historic contexts. The HPS is commonly treated in a very superficial way, using a linear route and the Kuhn's scientific revolutions are not approached
Sequência didática: aprendizagem sobre o conceito de isomeria constitucional e geométrica por meio do jogo tangram e da contextualização
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-07-03) Piva, Gabriela Martins ; Gibin, Gustavo Bizarria ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Here we describe how a didactic sequence elaborated to approach the concept of isomerism (constitutional and geometric) in the Chemistry Teaching was developed with students of the last high school grade of a public school in Presidente Prudente city (SP, Brazil). According to Jean Piaget's work, using games and contextualization helps assimilation and accommodation process, which are important to promote learning. Tangram game was used during the didactic sequence development. The data collect was performed using questionnaires: an initial one to verify previous students' knowledge about the main topic, and one in the end of the work in order to evaluate the concepts' learning. Qualitative data analysis showed that the didactic sequence helped the students to learn isomerism concepts, given that their responses agreed to the scientific concepts of definition, identification and differentiation of isomers. In addition, they could relate the concept to a known term of daily life, trans fat. During the didactic sequence development, the students actively participated playing the tangram game, asking questions and presenting their opinions in the contextualization step. In the evaluation step a positive devolution about the methodology was observed

Navegar

Submissões Recentes