São Paulo - IFT - Instituto de Física Teórica
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ItemLivro Memorial Volume For Stanley Mandelstam(2017-06-20) Berkovits, Nathan
; Brink, Lars ; Chau, Ling-Lie ; Phua, Kok Khoo ; Thorn, Charles B. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Chalmers University of Technology ; UC Davis ; NTU ; Gainesville Stanley Mandelstam (1928-2016) was one of the most influential and respected particle theorists. Coming as a young chemical engineer from South Africa to study theoretical physics in England, he quickly became a leading physicist in his field. With his deep understanding of quantum field theory, he pioneered the development of the analytic S-matrix theory as well as the path-dependent formulations for quantum gauge theories and for quantum general relativity. They are being actively used for the electroweak theory and having their imprints in lattice gauge theory and loop quantum gravity. Also he elucidated the mechanisms for quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics, constructed non-perturbative bosonization methods in 1+1 dimensions, and proved the perturbative finiteness and ß=0 of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. His work also led to the discovery of dual resonance models, which in turn became superstring theory. He was a leader in these developments, devoting much of his later years to the proof that the theory is perturbatively finite so it can be considered as a contender for the theory of quantum gravity. He was also a very modest and friendly man, impressing everyone with his sharp intellect as well as his humanity. This volume contains essays written by many of his friends and students, including both detailed reports on his scientific achievements as well as personal reminiscences. Also collected in the volume are some selected reprints of Mandelstam's early seminal papers and abstracts of selected papers representing the full spectrum of his contributions.ItemLivro Introduction to the ADS/CFT correspondence(2015-01-01) Nástase, Horațiu ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Providing a pedagogical introduction to the rapidly developing field of AdS/CFT correspondence, this is one of the first texts to provide an accessible introduction to all the necessary concepts needed to engage with the methods, tools and applications of AdS/CFT. Without assuming anything beyond an introductory course in quantum field theory, it begins by guiding the reader through the basic concepts of field theory and gauge theory, general relativity, supersymmetry, supergravity, string theory and conformal field theory, before moving on to give a clear and rigorous account of AdS/CFT correspondence. The final section discusses the more specialised applications, including QCD, quark-gluon plasma and condensed matter. This book is self-contained and learner-focused, featuring numerous exercises and examples. It is essential reading for both students and researchers across the fields of particle, nuclear and condensed matter physics.ItemLivro Teleparallel gravity: An introduction(2013-01-01) Aldrovandi, Ruben; Pereira, José Geraldo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Teleparallel Gravity (TG) is an alternative theory for gravitation, which is equivalent to General Relativity (GR). However, it is conceptually different. For example in GR geometry replaces the concept of force, and the trajectories are determined by geodesics. TG attributes gravitation to torsion, which accounts for gravitation by acting as a force. TG has already solved some old problems of gravitation (like the energy-momentum density of the gravitational field). The interest in TG has grown in the last few years. The book here proposed will be the first one dedicated exclusively to TG, and will include the foundations of the theory, as well as applications to specific problems to illustrate how the theory works.ItemLivro An Introduction to Geometrical Physics: Second Edition(2016-01-01) Aldrovandi, Ruben; Pereira, José Geraldo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) This book focuses on the unifying power of the geometrical language in bringing together concepts from many different areas of physics, ranging from classical physics to the theories describing the four fundamental interactions of Nature - gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. The book provides in a single volume a thorough introduction to topology and differential geometry, as well as many applications to both mathematical and physical problems. It is aimed as an elementary text and is intended for first year graduate students. In addition to the traditional contents of books on special and general relativities, this book discusses also some recent advances such as de Sitter invariant special relativity, teleparallel gravity and their implications in cosmology for those wishing to reach a higher level of understanding.