Artigos - Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

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Análise quantitativa e qualitativa do perfil microbiológico do retratamento endodôntico em uma sessão versus duas sessões
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2024-03-06) Orlando, Mariana Muniz Toledo ; Valera, Márcia Carneiro
O estudo monitorou perfil (Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization) microbiano em pacientes com infecção endodôntica secundária (IES) submetidos ao retratamento endodôntico em sessão única e duas sessões. 40 pacientes com necessidade de retratamento endodôntico foram selecionados. Coletas do conteúdo do canal radicular foram realizadas após remoção do material obturador (S1), após preparo biomecânico (PBM) com sistema reciprocante Reciproc® e irrigação com solução de NaOCl 2,5% (S2) e após medicação intracanal (MIC) à base de hidróxido de cálcio e solução salina fisiológica (S3). O conteúdo dos canais radiculares foi avaliado quanto à atividade antimicrobiana por cultura microbiológica (UFC/mL) e perfil microbiano pelo teste de Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Dados foram analisados estatisticamente através de teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Lilliefors. Micro-organismos anaeróbicos foram encontrados em 100% em sessão única e 95% em duas sessões. Os níveis de UFC/mL diminuíram após o PBM, havendo a manutenção do mesmo após uso de MIC. Os micro-organismos gram-negativos mais frequentemente encontrados foram Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp vicentii, Campylobacter rectus, Capnocytophaga. gingivalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia e Leptotrichia buccalis, sendo os Gram-positivos, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus constellatus e Streptococcus mitis. Em S2, número de espécies variou de 1 a 39 por canal. Em S3, variou de 1 a 27. PBM possibilitou redução significativa na carga microbiana nos grupos sessão única e em duas sessões. MIC não influenciou a carga bacteriana. O perfil microbiano difere em relação à frequência de detecção e concentração de DNA bacteriano encontrados após a desobturação, preparo biomecânico e medicação com hidróxido de cálcio. Através deste estudo foi possível avaliar micro-organismos gram-negativos e gram-positivos mais frequentemente encontrados em diferentes etapas do retratamento endodôntico em uma ou duas sessões.
An 8-year follow-up of resin infiltration on anterior white spot lesions
(2023-01-01) Omoto, Érika M ; Oliveira, Laryssa C. ; Rocha, Rafael S. ; Machado, Lucas Silveira ; Bresciani, Eduardo ; Prakki, Anuradha ; Fagundes, Ticiane Cestari ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul ; University of Toronto
White spot lesions (WSLs) are sites of enamel surface and subsurface demineralization that increases tissue porosity and affects the teeth appearance. The resin infiltration technique proved to be a valid alternative to arrest caries lesion progression and to masking a color change in noncavitated WSLs. Thus, this study aims to report a clinical case of anterior WSLs treated with resin infiltration technique with an 8-year follow-up. The resin infiltration protocol was performed in an 18-year-old female patient presenting WSLs on the maxillary right lateral incisor, left central incisor, and left canine. The protocol followed the manufacturer's recommendations. The patient reported satisfaction with the smile appearance, at the end of the appointment. Infiltrated areas remained unchanged after an 8-year follow-up, showing an acceptable result for the patient's esthetic desires. After 8 years of evaluation, the resin infiltration technique proved to be a resistant and reliable alternative in preventing caries progression and in color masking WSLs.
Antifungal Action of Herbal Plants’ Glycolic Extracts against Candida Species
(2023-03-01) Meccatti, Vanessa Marques ; Santos, Lana Ferreira ; de Carvalho, Lara Steffany ; Souza, Clara Bulhões ; Carvalho, Cláudio Antonio Talge ; Marcucci, Maria Cristina ; Abu Hasna, Amjad ; de Oliveira, Luciane Dias ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Candida spp. cause fungal infection that affects patients’ oral health. This study aimed to evaluate the isolated and synergistic antifungal effect of Rosa centifolia L., Curcuma longa L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Punica granatum L. glycolic extracts against Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei planktonic and biofilm forms. The plant extracts were chemically characterized and the main compounds were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) analysis. The minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations of the extracts were determined, and antibiofilm activity was evaluated by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests, and by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests, considering a significance level of 5%. The main compounds identified in each of the extracts were: p-coumaric acid (2153.22 μg/100 mL) in the rosemary extract, gallotannins (4318.31 μg/100 mL) in the pomegranate extract, quercetin derivatives (3316.50 μg/100 mL) in the extract of white roses, and curcumin (135.09 μg/100 mL) in the turmeric extract. The combination of R. centifolia and C. longa glycolic extracts was effective against C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. tropicalis biofilms over different periods (p < 0.05). The combination of R. officinalis and P. granatum glycolic extracts was effective against C. albicans and C. krusei biofilms after 30 min, and against C. tropicalis after 24 h, with all combinations showing an average reduction of 50% in cell viability (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the combined plant extracts have antifungal and antibiofilm action against Candida spp. in different concentrations and times of action.
Surface smoothness of resin composites after polishing—A systematic review and network meta-analysis of in vitro studies
(2023-04-01) de Oliveira, Ananda Gomes ; Rocha, Rafael Santos ; Spinola, Manuela da Silva ; Batista, Graziela Ribeiro ; Bresciani, Eduardo ; Caneppele, Taciana Marco Ferraz ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Braz Cubas University ; A. T. Still University
A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed to provide evidence for the best polishing protocol for different types of resin composites to minimize surface roughness. A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library on July 2, 2019 (updated in December, 2020). In vitro studies that included at least two systems for polishing resin composites and analyzed surface roughness were included. The risk of bias was evaluated. A random-effects Bayesian-mixed treatment comparison model was used to compare surface roughness in resin composites with the different types of polishers. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) analysis was performed to rank the probability for the best polishing system. After removal of duplicates, title and abstract screening yielded 34 studies. Network meta-analysis was not possible for hybrid and microhybrid composites. SUCRA analysis showed that abrasive paper discs allowed greater surface smoothness for nanohybrid and nanofill composites to a probability of between 83% and 91.6%. Silicon carbide brush had a 78.2% probability of being the best system for microfill composites. The use of abrasive paper disc polishers showed a favorable result in nanofill and nanohybrid resin composites. Silicon carbide brush has a greater chance of promoting a smoother surface for microfill resin composites.
Effects of lesion size on the 30-month clinical performance of restorations with bulk fill and a regular nanofilled resin composite in noncarious cervical lesions
(2023-01-01) Correia, Ayla Macyelle de Oliveira ; Jurema, Ana Luiza Barbosa ; Bresciani, Eduardo ; Caneppele, Taciana Marco Ferraz ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objective: The aim of this double-blind, randomized trial was to evaluate the influence of the occlusogingival distance (OGD) in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) on the clinical performance of a regular bulk-fill resin composite and a regular nanofilled resin composite. Materials and methods: One hundred and forty NCCLs in 77 participants were randomly divided into four groups (n = 35), according to OGD (1.5 mm ± 10% or 3 mm ± 10%) and resin composites (Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior [B] or Filtek Z350 XT [C]), namely: 1.5 mm-B, 1.5 mm-C, 3 mm-B, and 3 mm-C. The restorations were bonded using a two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond), applied following the manufacturer’s instructions. Restorations were polished 1 week after placement. Two experienced and calibrated examiners evaluated the restorations using modified US Public Health Service criteria at baseline (7 days) and after 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months. Statistical analyses were carried out using Kruskal–Wallis, Friedman’s repeated measures analysis of variance, and the Wilcoxon signed rank test (α = 0.05). Results: After 30 months, the recall rate was 94.2%. Eight restorations were lost (3 for 1.5 mm-C, 2 for 1.5 mm-B, 1 for 3 mm-C, and 2 for 3 mm-B). All groups resulted in a significantly worse marginal discoloration and surface texture at 30 months in comparison with the baseline (1 week). No significant difference was found for the other parameters. Conclusion: The restorations performed with both resin composites produced clinically acceptable restorations. The OGD of NCCLs did not influence the clinical performance of restorations. Clinical significance: The OGD of NCCLs did not have a significant effect on the clinical performance of a regular bulk-fill and nanofilled restorations. Both materials showed a very good performance on 30-month evaluation.
Multiple gingival recessions associated with non-carious cervical lesions treated by partial restoration and modified coronally advanced flap with either connective tissue graft or xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix: A randomized clinical trial
(2023-01-01) Santamaria, Mauro Pedrine ; Rossato, Amanda ; Fernanda Ferreira Ferraz, Laís ; Maria Viana Miguel, Manuela ; Venturoso Simões, Beatriz ; Pereira Nunes, Marcelo ; Bresciani, Eduardo ; de Sanctis, Massimo ; Mathias-Santamaria, Ingrid Fernandes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; College of Dentistry ; São Paulo ; Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele ; University of Maryland School of Dentistry
Background: This study aimed to compare a connective tissue graft (CTG) to a (porcine) xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (XDM), both associated with modified coronally advanced flap (MCAF) and partial resin composite restoration to treat multiple combined defects (CDs). Methods: Seventy-eight defects in 38 patients presenting multiple combined defects, that is, gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions, were treated by partial resin composite restoration (apical margin up to 1 mm of the estimated cement-enamel junction) and MCAF along with CTG or XDM. After 6 months, the groups were compared with regard to clinical, patient-centered, and esthetic outcomes. Results: CD coverage was 72.9% for CTG versus 50.7% for XDM (P < 0.001). Recession reduction was 2.3 mm for CTG versus 1.5 mm for XDM (P < 0.001). CTG resulted in a greater increase in keratinized tissue width (CTG: 0.96 mm vs. XDM: 0.3 mm, P = 0.04) and gingival thickness (CTG: 0.9 mm vs. XDM: 0.3 mm, P < 0.001). Both treatments successfully reduced dentin hypersensitivity and increased esthetics satisfaction, with no statistically significant intergroup differences. Moreover, XDM patients experienced a shorter surgery duration (CTG: 57.2 min vs. XDM: 37.4 min, P < 0.001) and less time to no pain (visual analog scale = 0; CTG: 6.5 days vs. XDM: 3.5 days, P = 0.04). Conclusion: CTG resulted in significantly greater root coverage and increased keratinized tissue width compared to XDM for treating multiple partially restored CDs. However, increased root coverage at the CTG sites was accounted for by increased probing depth compared to the XDM sites.
Fracture resistance of weakened roots restored with relined or milled CAD-CAM glass fiber posts
(2023-01-01) Maia, Belizane Das Graças Oliveira ; Santos, Thais da Silva Alves ; Carvalho, Cláudio Antonio Talge ; Verner, Francielle Silvestre ; Junqueira, Rafael Binato ; Federal University of Juiz de Fora ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This in vitro study compared the fracture resistance of weakened roots restored with milled or relined glass fiber post (GFP). Seventy bovine incisors were divided into seven groups, according to the weakening protocol (none: control; medium-weakened: MW; highly-weakened: HW) and post anatomization technique (non-relined, relined with Bulk Fill or Z350 resin; milled GFP: M). Roots were thermomechanical cycled and submitted to compression. Frequencies and groups were compared by the chi-square test and two-factor ANOVA, Tukey’s, and t-test (α=5%). The HW-M obtained the lowest values, showing significant differences compared to all groups (p<0.001). The highest value was HW-Bulk fill, with significant difference compared to MW-M (p=0.037) and HW-M (p<0.001). The frequency of repairable fractures was 100% in the control, 87%, and 63% in the MW and HW, respectively. Relined or milled GFPs can be considered to rehabilitate weakened teeth since failure patterns were predominantly repairable in all groups.
Evaluation of a novel restorative protocol to treat non-carious cervical lesion associated with gingival recession: a 2-year follow-up randomized clinical trial
(2023-04-01) Mathias-Santamaria, Ingrid Fernandes ; Santamaria, Mauro Pedrine ; Silveira, Camila Augusto ; Martinho, Frederico Canato ; de Melo, Mary Anne Sampaio ; De Marco, Andrea Carvalho ; Augusto, Marina Gullo ; de Andrade, Guilherme Schmitt ; Roulet, Jean-François ; Bresciani, Eduardo ; Baltimore ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Kentucky ; Western Paraná State University ; University of Florida
Objective: To compare 2 different resin composites and 2 adhesive systems used in a new restorative protocol (partial restoration) to treat non-carious cervical lesions associated with gingival recession type 1 (RT1). Material and methods: Eighty combined defects (CDs) were treated with a partial restoration and periodontal plastic surgery for root coverage. The CDs were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: NP + TE (n = 20), nanofilled composite and 2-step total-etch adhesive system; NP + UA (n = 20), nanofilled composite and universal adhesive system; MH + TE (n = 20), microhybrid composite and 2-step total-etch adhesive; MH + UA (n = 20), microhybrid composite and universal adhesive. Restorations were assessed using the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at 1 week (baseline) and 6, 12, and 24 months. Survival rate, periodontal parameters, dentin hypersensitivity (DH), and aesthetics were also evaluated. Results: After 24 months, only the MH + TE group did not lose any restoration, with no significant differences between groups. For surface roughness parameter, MH presented 83.3% of the restorations scoring Bravo, whereas NP presented 48.5% of the restorations scoring Bravo. All groups presented restorations with marginal discoloration. All periodontal parameters behaved similarly, regardless of the restorative material. All groups presented significant reductions of dentin hypersensitivity and improved aesthetic perceptions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both resin composites and adhesives tested can be combined for partial restorations to treat CDs. Clinical relevance: This new restorative-surgical protocol to treat CDs presents satisfactory outcomes. The partial restorations can be successfully executed with both combinations of adhesives and resin composites evaluated in this investigation. TRN: ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03215615; registration date July 12, 2017.
Film-Forming Polymers for Tooth Erosion Prevention
(2022-10-01) Augusto, Marina Gullo ; Scaramucci, Tais ; Campos, Tiago Moreira Bastos ; Aoki, Idalina Vieira ; Schlueter, Nadine ; Borges, Alessandra Bühler ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Centro Universitário de Cascavel–UNIVEL ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; Aeronautical Technology Institute (ITA) ; Hannover Medical School
Different agents have been proposed to prevent the progression of acid induced dental substance losses, which are called erosive tooth wear (ETW), such as fluorides, calcium, and phosphate-based products; however, there is a need for a further increase in efficacy. Recently, the ability of polymers to interact with the tooth surface, forming acid resistant films, has come into the focus of research; nevertheless, there is still the need for a better understanding of their mode of action. Thus, this article provides an overview of the chemical structure of polymers, their mode of action, as well as the effect of their incorporation into oral care products, acid beverages, and antacid formulations, targeting the prevention of ETW. Recent evidence indicates that this may be a promising approach, however, additional studies are needed to confirm their efficacy under more relevant clinical conditions that consider salivary parameters such as flow rate, composition, and clearance. The standardization of methodological procedures such as acid challenge, treatment duration, and combination with fluorides is necessary to allow further comparisons between studies. In conclusion, film-forming polymers may be a promising cost-effective approach to prevent and control erosive demineralization of the dental hard tissue.
Chemical behavior of 20%–22% carbamide peroxide gels in at-home bleaching: Randomized crossover in situ trial
(2023-03-01) Mailart, Mariane Cintra ; dos Santos, Karine Carvalho ; Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes ; Borges, Alessandra Bühler ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objective: To evaluate if distinct 20%–22% carbamide peroxide bleaching gels present similar decomposition pattern and pH during the clinical use in both arches, as well as gels viscosity. Methods: Participants randomly received treatments with carbamide peroxide gels (n = 10): OPF (OpalescencePF-20%); PNT (Polanight-22%); and WPC (Whiteness Perfect-22%) in three different days, with 2-day washout. Decomposition pattern was assessed by peroxide concentration. Both PC and pH of bleaching gels were measured in different time points in upper and lower trays during a total of 120 min of clinical use. Viscosity of bleaching gels was measured in triplicate. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied (α = 0.05). Results: Regarding decomposition pattern, no significant differences were observed for the interaction between gel, time, and tray position factors. The peroxide concentration progressively reduced until 120 min of trays use (p < 0.001), being overall more notable in lower trays (p < 0.001). Regarding pH, the lowest values were verified in WPC within time. At 120 min, an increase of pH was observed for both WPC and OPF (p < 0.001) compared to baseline means. PNT exhibited constant pH values over time. The values of viscosity were: OPF (1.682.000 ± 19 cP)a, WPC (1.388.667 ± 172.63 cP)ab, PNT (579.567 ± 0.98 cP)b. Conclusions: The bleaching gels presented overall decomposition pattern clinically equivalent, being more notable in lower trays over time. Nevertheless, distinct pH and viscosities were observed among the products. Clinical Significance: Although the manufacturers recommend different times of use for bleaching gels with similar peroxide concentrations, the commercial products tested did not exhibit clinically relevant difference in the decomposition pattern during the 120 min of clinical procedure.
Efficacy of Bracket Adhesive Remnant Removal by a Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique with a UV Light Handpiece: In Vitro Study
(2022-01-01) Moecke, Sabrina Elise ; Barros, Pedro Caio Alves ; Andrade, Adrielle Caroline Moreira ; Borges, Alessandra Bühler ; Pucci, César Rogério ; Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objective. This study aims to analyze the fluorescence-aided identification technique efficacy on adhesive remnant removal from the enamel surface after orthodontic bracket debonding. Materials and Methods. Forty-five extracted human upper central incisors were divided into 3 groups (n = 15) according to the kind of adhesive for bracket bonding and the use or absence of near UV light for remnant removal: BF/UV- fluorescent adhesive/UV light, BF/0-fluorescent adhesive/no UV light, and TB/0-nonfluorescent adhesive/no UV light. For all teeth, 100% of the adhesive used remained on the enamel surface after debonding. Fifteen dentists performed adhesive removal on the enamel surface using a carbide bur. The specimens were analyzed by a stereomicroscope, and the adhesive remnant percentage from each specimen was calculated. The time used by each dentist to perform the removal was recorded. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results. Significant differences were observed among groups for adhesive remnant (p=0.0008) and for time (p=0.0001). The means of adhesive remnant were BF/UV (5.84), BF/0 (34.37), and TB/0 (37.02). The mean times necessary to remove adhesive were BF/UV (1 min 40 s), BF/0 (3 min 03 s), and TB/0 (2 min 46 s). For the BF/UV group, significantly lower values of adhesive remnants and time for debonding were found (p<0.05). Conclusion. The fluorescence-aided identification technique significantly reduced the amount of adhesive remnant, and the time necessary to perform this clinical procedure.
Bond Strength Evaluation between Different Glass Fiber Post Systems to Restore Weakened Roots
(2022-09-01) Alves, Paula Barbosa ; Jurema, Ana Luiza Barbosa ; Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes ; Borges, Alessandra Bühler ; Liporoni, Priscila Christiane Suzy ; Tribst, João Paulo Mendes ; Zanatta, Rayssa Ferreira ; UNITAU ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; University of Brasília (UnB)
A new bundled glass fiber-reinforced resin post was developed to be used in post-endodontic restoration. We evaluated the bond strength of a single prefabricated glass fiber post (GFP) and a bundled glass fiber-reinforced resin post (GT), used alone or combined, to restore weakened roots. Fifty bovine incisors roots were weakened with a diamond bur, except for those from the control group. The root canals were endodontically treated (Pro Taper Next system, gutta-percha, and endodontic cement), and the roots were divided into five groups (n = 10): Reb—single prefabricated GFP (Rebilda Post—Voco); GT—bundled glass fiber-reinforced resin post (Rebilda Post GT—Voco); RebGT—association between the prefabricated GFP (Reb) and the bundled one (GT); CP—prefabricated GFP customized with composite resin; and Cont—singular post in a non-weakened root (Control). All posts were cemented using a universal adhesive system (Futurabond U) and dual-cure resin cement (Rebilda DC—Voco). Afterwards, two slices were obtained from each root third (cervical, middle, and apical) and submitted to a push-out bond strength test. Data were analyzed regarding the post system used and the root thirds by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). There were higher bond strength means for the RebGT and CP groups, presenting values similar to the control. The Reb and GT groups showed lower values. The adhesion to deeper thirds of the root canal remains a challenge for adhesive dentistry and is not related to the design of the post. Additionally, the rehabilitation of teeth with weakened roots requires the customization of the glass fiber post with composite resin or the association between prefabricated options with multiple posts.
Optical properties stability of light-cured versus pre-cured CAD-CAM composites
(2022-01-01) Andrade, Adrielle Caroline Moreira ; Kukulka, Elisa Camargo ; Moecke, Sabrina Elise ; Scotti, Nicola ; Comba, Allegra ; Borges, Alessandra Buhler ; Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Turin
The aim of this study was to evaluate the optical properties changes after staining of pre-cured (PC) and light-cured (LC) composites. Specimens were prepared using different LC composites (GrandioSO - Voco, Filtek Z350 - 3M/ESPE, Opallis - FGM and Kalore - GC) and four PC composites (Grandio Blocs - Voco, Lava Ultimate - 3M ESPE, Brava Block - FGM and Cerasmart - GC) (n=20). Baseline color, gloss, translucency, and fluorescence were evaluated. Staining protocol was performed for 15 days and the final optical properties were reevaluated. The changes on each property were calculate (Delta Gloss, Delta Trauslucency, Delta Fluorescency, Deltamathbf{E}{*}00). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=5%). Changes on all properties were observed after staining for all materials, with darkening and reduction of gloss, fluorescence and translucency. Non-significant differences were observed between the light-cured and pre-cured materials of the same manufacturer for the Deltamathrm{G} and Deltamathbf{T}, but significant differences existed for Delta mathbf{F} and Deltamathbf{E}{*}00). For Delta mathbf{F}, the only significant differences were observed between Brava Block and Opallis (smaller). For Delta mathbf{E}{*}{}_{00}, only the light-cured composites GrandioSO and Z350 showed significant less change than the corresponding blocks. Pre-cured composites were affected the same way than light-cured ones by the staining in relation to the reduction of gloss and translucency. A higher reduction of fluorescence was observed only for one brand of block and was similar for the others. Two brands the light-cured materials showed less staining, while for the others was similar. The effects of staining vary according to the composite formulation.
SILVER JUBILEE OF BRAZILIAN DENTAL SCIENCE
(2023-01-01) Gonçalves, Sergio Eduardo de Paiva ; Tribst, João Paulo Mendes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; LA
Tooth color change promoted by different whitening toothpastes under alternate cycles of staining and brushing
(2023-05-01) Lima, Leonardo Custódio ; Carvalho, Adriana Oliveira ; Bezerra, Sávio José Cardoso ; Garcia, Raíssa Manoel ; Caneppele, Taciana Marco Ferraz ; Borges, Alessandra Buhler ; Scaramucci, Taís ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objectives: To compare the effect of whitening toothpastes with different mechanisms of action on discolored teeth subjected to additional staining/or not. Methods: One hundred twenty tooth specimens were stained for 14 days (staining broth under constant agitation and pH=7) and then allocated into the groups of toothpastes with different whitening ingredients (n=10): 1. Regular - Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint; 2. CLWI - Colgate Luminous White Instant (blue pigment); 3. CLWA - Colgate Luminous White Advanced Expert (hydrogen peroxide); 4. CLWAC – Colgate Luminous White Activated Charcoal (activated charcoal); 5. OB3D – Oral-B 3D WHITE Brilliant Fresh (abrasive); 6. TW – Teeth Whitening (charcoal powder). Specimens were submitted to two experimental models: A. Daily staining-toothbrush cycling: staining solution (5min), toothbrushing (45 strokes) and artificial saliva (3h), 2x/day, for 5 days; B. Only toothbrushing (30.000 brushing strokes). Color change was determined with a spectrophotometer (CIEDE2000 and Whiteness Index for Dentistry - WID) and statistically analyzed (α=0.05). Results: For both models, ΔE00 and Δa did not differ significantly between the whitening toothpastes and the regular. All groups showed a decrease in tooth yellowness (-Δb) and an increase in WID. Group Teeth Whitening exhibited a decrease in luminosity (-ΔL). In model A, Groups did not differ significantly from the Regular in terms of ΔL (p=0.35) and Δb (p=0.74). Groups CLWI and OB3D exhibited a decrease in luminosity. Reduced redness (-Δa) occurred only in Group CLWI. In Model B, Groups OB3D (p=0.021) and CLWA (p=0.001) exhibited higher change in luminosity than in Group Teeth Whitening. All exhibited increased redness (+Δa) and lightness (+ΔL), except the Regular, CLWAC, and Teeth Whitening. Group OB3D had a significantly higher change in Δb than the Regular (p=0.021). Conclusions: Irrespective of the mechanism of action, all toothpastes reduced tooth yellowness and promoted similar overall color change. Exposure of the teeth to additional staining during the toothbrushing cycles did not influence the effect of the whitening toothpastes. Clinical Significance: Whitening toothpastes should be tested in conditions that more closely simulate their use in a clinical scenario, in which alternate cycles of staining and brushing occur on a daily basis. However, even in such conditions, they were unable to promote a color change that differed from that of a regular toothpaste.
Antimicrobial efficacy of S-PRG containing toothpastes on S. mutans biofilm development
(2023-01-01) Spinola, Manuela da Silva ; Mendonça, Jacqueline Landi ; Garcia, Maíra Terra ; Caneppele, Taciana Marco Ferraz ; Junqueira, Juliana Campos ; Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes ; Borges, Alessandra Buhler ; Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Braz Cubas ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objective: to investigate the antimicrobial effects of toothpastes containing bioactive surface pre-reacted glass particles (S-PRG) on S. mutans biofilms adherence, initial colonization and maturation. Material and Methods: a reference UA 159 and a clinical S. mutans (SM6) strain were used. Bovine enamel specimens were randomly allocated into the groups (n=5): toothpastes containing 0%; 1%; 5%; 20%; 30% S-PRG; positive control dentifrice (NaF+triclosan); and negative control (distilled water). For biofilm development, samples were placed in a 24-well plate containing artificial saliva (4h), followed by adding 1mL of artificial saliva, BHI broth and 225μL of S. mutans suspension. Treatments with toothpastes were applied previously or after 4h and 24h of biofilm formation. Samples were incubated for 48h at 37°C in 5%CO2 and biofilm was detached and seeded in Petri dishes for determining the number of viable cells. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (5%). Results: significantly lower microorganisms’ adherence (p<0.05) was obtained for all S-PRG toothpastes, with similar results to NaF+triclosan for SM6 and 20 and 30%S-PRG groups exhibiting higher inhibition effect than the NaF+Triclosan for UA159. Antibacterial effect on the early-stage biofilm was also observed for the S-PRG groups, but was not superior to the NaF+Triclosan toothpaste. For the mature biofilm, the effective antimicrobial potential of S-PRG toothpastes was observed only for the SM6 clinical strain, but was not higher than the positive control. Conclusion: experimental S-PRG toothpastes were effective to inhibit S. mutans biofilm growth by exhibiting antimicrobial activity, being promising agents to prevent cariogenic biofilm development.
Insights on the role of cytokines in carious lesions
(2023-01-01) Gonçalves, Lucélia Lemes ; Kim, Eui ; Bortolatto, Janaína Freitas ; Buzalaf, Marilia Rabello ; Alreshaid, Lulwah ; Prakki, Anuradha ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Restorative Department ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; College of Dentistry
Objectives: The dentin-pulp immune response to caries pathogenesis is still poorly understood due to the complex interplay of the involving processes. The aim of this review was to explore the role of cytokines and its relevance in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Results: Dental caries can result in a host inflammatory response in the dental pulp, characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α). IL-4 seems to be correlated to the depth of carious lesions; IL-6 is strongly correlated to caries disease and is considered a potent biomarker; IL-8 can be a potent biomarker for both caries and other changes present in the pulp and, its release is correlated to TNF-α and IL-6; TNF-α plays an important role not only in caries progression, but also in other pathological processes. Conclusion: Specific mediators have a great potential to serve as biomarkers alluding to the presence and progress of caries disease, urging further investigations in the field.
Impact of photoinitiator quality on chemical-mechanical properties of dental adhesives under different light intensities
(2023-01-01) Da Silva, Tânia Mara ; De Faria Petrucelli, Nícolas ; De Mendonça, Rafael Pinto ; Da Silva Júnior, Jefferson Pires ; Campos, Tiago Moreira Bastos ; De Paiva Gonçalves, Sérgio Eduardo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Objective: Evaluate the mechanical properties of experimental adhesive models with different photoinitiators (PI) polymerized by LED units of different power densities. Material and Methods: Three groups of adhesive models based on HEMA/BisGMA (45/55) were prepared in association with different PI combinations: G2 (control) – 2 PI: 0.5% CQ, 0.5% EDMAB; G3-3 PI: 0.5% CQ; 0.5% DMAEMA, 0.5% DPIHP; G4-4 PI: 0.5% CQ; 0.5% EDMAB; 0.5% DMAEMA; 0.5% DPIHP. The three formulations were polymerized at two different LED power densities: 550 mW/cm2 and 1200 mW/cm2. The degree of conversion (DC) of adhesive monomers was monitored in situ through the FTIR for 600 s. Specimens were prepared for each formulation for analysis of flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (ME), sorption (SOR) and solubility (SOL). Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%). Results: DC: there is a significant difference among adhesive systems (G2
Substrate Rigidity Effect on CAD/CAM Restorations at Different Thicknesses
(2022-01-01) Pucci, César Rogério ; Mafetano, Ana Paula Valente Pinho ; Borges, Alexandre Luiz Souto ; De Andrade, Guilherme Schmitt ; Dal Piva, Amanda Maria De Oliveira ; Kleverlaan, Cornelis J. ; Tribst, João Paulo Mendes ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE) ; Vrije Universiteit
Objectives This article evaluated the effect of substrates rigidities on the post-fatigue fracture resistance of adhesively cemented simplified restorations in lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Methods Precrystalized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramic blocks were processed into disc-shaped specimens (n = 10, O = 10 mm), mimicking a simplified restoration at two thicknesses (0.5 and 1.0 mm). Thereafter, the discs were cemented onto different base substrates (dentin analogue [control], dentin analogue with a central core build-up of resin composite [RC], or glass ionomer cement [GIC]). The specimens were subjected to mechanical cycling in a chewing simulator (100 N, 1 × 10 6cycles, 4 Hz) and then subjected to thermocycling aging (10,000 cycles, 5/37/55°C, 30 seconds). After the fatigue protocol, the specimens were loaded until failure (N) in a universal testing machine. Finite element analysis calculated the first principal stress at the center of the adhesive interface. Results The results showed that restoration thickness, type of substrate, and their interaction were statistically significant (one-way analysis of variance; p < 0.001). Regardless the restoration thickness a higher fracture load was observed for specimens cemented to dentin analogue. Among the base materials, RC build-up presented the highest fracture load and lower stress magnitude for both restoration thicknesses in comparison with GIC build-up. The 0.5-mm restoration showed higher stress peak and lower fracture load when submitted to the compressive test. Conclusion More flexible base material reduces the fracture load and increases the stress magnitude of adhesively cemented lithium disilicate restorations regardless the ceramic thickness. Therefore, more rigid substrates are suggested to be used to prevent restoration mechanical failures.
Detoxification of LTA by intracanal medication: analysis by macrophages proinflammatory cytokines production
(2022-01-01) Dias de Oliveira, Luciane ; de Oliveira, Felipe Eduardo ; Hatje, Bárbara Araujo ; Valera, Marcia Carneiro ; Carvalho, Cláudio Antonio Talge ; Hasna, Amjad Abu ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) on macrophages (RAW 264.7) to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide after pretreatment with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Enterococcus faecalis. Forty-eight human single- rooted teeth were instrumented with R25.08 (RECIPROC) and sterilized by gamma irradiation. LTA was inoculated in the root canal of each specimen for 96 hours. Specimens were instrumented with 40.06 and 50.05 (RECIPROC) and medicated with: I) Pyrogen-free saline solution (SS); II) 2% CHX gel; III) Ca(OH)2 + SS; or IV) Ca(OH)2 + CHX for 14 days. Three samples (S) were performed of the root canal of each specimen at: S1) immediately after instrumentation; S2) after Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); S3) after intracanal medication removal. Subsequent quantification of cytokines (IL-1 β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IP-10, G-CSF and IL-6) by immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitric oxide by the Griess method was carried-out. Data were submitted to a normality test and then analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test with a significance level of 5% using GraphPad Prism 6. Ca(OH)2 + SS and Ca(OH)2 + CHX presented lower levels of TNF-α, TNF-α, IL-6, G-CSF and nitric oxide. Ca(OH)2 + SS was the most effective in reducing MIP-1α. CHX was effective in reducing IL-6 and G-CSF. Therefore, the combined intracanal medication of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine is effective in reducing the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, G-CSF and nitric oxide.

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