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Evaluation of the elevated T-maze as an animal model of anxiety in the mouse

dc.contributor.authorJardim, M. C.
dc.contributor.authorNogueira, R. L.
dc.contributor.authorGraeff, F. G.
dc.contributor.authorNunes-de-Souza, R. L.
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Ribeirao Preto
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Estacio Sa
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Mogi das Cruzes
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-20T13:24:28Z
dc.date.available2014-05-20T13:24:28Z
dc.date.issued1999-03-01
dc.description.abstractThe elevated T-maze has been developed as an animal model of anxiety to generate both conditioned and unconditioned fears in the same rat. This study explores a version of the elevated T-maze fit for mice. Inhibitory (passive) avoidance-conditioned fear-is measured by recording the latency to leave the enclosed arm during three consecutive trials. One-way escape-unconditioned fear-is measured by recording the time to withdraw from open arms. The results showed that mice do not appear to acquire inhibitory avoidance in the standard T-maze, since their latencies to leave enclosed arm did not increase along trials. Nevertheless, the open arms seemed to be aversive for mice, because the latency to leave the enclosed arm after the first trial was lower in a T-maze with the three enclosed arms than in the standard elevated T-maze, In agreement, the exposure of mice to an elevated T-maze without shield, that reduces the perception of openness, increased significantly the latencies to leave the enclosed arm, However, the absence of the shield also increased the time taken to leave the open arms when compared to that recorded in standard T-maze. Systematic observation of behavioral items in the enclosed arm has shown that risk assessment behavior decreases along trials while freezing increases. In the open arms, freezing did not appear to influence the high latency to leave this compartment, since mice spend only about 8% of their time exhibiting this behavior, These results suggest that mice acquire inhibitory avoidance of the open arms by decreasing and increasing time in risk assessment and freezing, respectively, along three consecutive trials, However, one-way escape could not be characterized. Therefore, there are important differences between mice (present results) and rats (previously reported results) in the performance of behavioral tasks in the elevated T-maze. (C) 1999 Elsevier B.V.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Ribeirao Preto, Dept Psicol Metodos & Tecn Aplicadas Educacao, BR-14096380 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estadual Paulista, FCF, Farmacol Lab, Araraquara, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estacio Sa, Lab Psicol Comparada, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi Das Cruzes, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnespUniv Estadual Paulista, FCF, Farmacol Lab, Araraquara, Brazil
dc.format.extent407-411
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0361-9230(99)00018-0
dc.identifier.citationBrain Research Bulletin. Oxford: Pergamon-Elsevier B.V., v. 48, n. 4, p. 407-411, 1999.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/S0361-9230(99)00018-0
dc.identifier.issn0361-9230
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/7602
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000080317900008
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.relation.ispartofBrain Research Bulletin
dc.relation.ispartofjcr3.440
dc.relation.ispartofsjr1,398
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restritopt
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectinhibitory avoidancept
dc.subjectone-way escapept
dc.subjectrisk assessmentpt
dc.subjectconditioned and unconditioned fearpt
dc.subjectfreezingpt
dc.titleEvaluation of the elevated T-maze as an animal model of anxiety in the mouseen
dc.typeArtigopt
dcterms.licensehttp://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/article-posting-policy
dcterms.rightsHolderElsevier B.V.
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication95697b0b-8977-4af6-88d5-c29c80b5ee92
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication.latestForDiscovery95697b0b-8977-4af6-88d5-c29c80b5ee92
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquarapt

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