Gender Disparity in Engineering Courses in Brazil

Abstract

As society advances globally, the pursuit of gender equity transcends geographical borders and maintains its historical significance. This paper examines the persistent underrepresentation of women in STEM fields, with a focus on engineering, both nationally and globally. Using data from the Enade in Brazil from 2004 to 2019, it explores the reasons behind this disparity and the influence of differences in interests between men and women in STEM careers. The study highlights the ongoing male predominance in engineering courses, despite a gradual increase in female participation. It observes gender variations in engineering disciplines and across regions in Brazil, emphasizing the need to enhance female representation. The paper underscores the importance of recognizing gender expectations, stereotypes, and socioeconomic inequalities while promoting the inclusion of all gender identities to create equitable environments. It proposes strategies to promote gender equality in STEM, including safe environments, combatting sexism, female leadership, and adjustments to educational policies.