Eco-friendly Planning of DG units and EV Charging Stations in Electrical Distribution Systems: A Multi-Objective Mixed Integer Linear Programming Model

Abstract

National and international policies have encouraged the adoption of renewable generation and electric vehicles (EV) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and alleviate climate change. In the following years, there is a strong growth trend for these technologies, stimulated by global agreements (i.e., the Paris Agreement). In this context, this paper proposes a multi-objective approach based on stochastic programming for the planning of distributed generation (DG) and EV charging stations, which considers the minimization of two conflicting objectives: costs and CO2 emissions. Multi-period investments in DG allocation (renewable and non-renewable) and EV charging stations are considered to maintain the feasible operation of the electrical distribution systems. The uncertainties related to renewable generation, conventional demand, and EV demand are modeled through a set of representative scenarios. Tests demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. The set of Pareto solutions found by the proposed approach represents the trade-off between cost and emission objectives.