Avaliação das propriedades biotecnológicas de quitinases e queratinases produzidas por fungos e bactérias

Abstract

Abstract Research in enzyme and fermentation technology has increased significantly and driven sustainable industrial development. Studies aimed at minimizing production costs, optimizing processes, increasing product quality and/or reducing possible environmental damage from current technologies have gained increasing notoriety. In Brazil, companies that stand out in the application of enzymes operate in the area of diagnostics, pharmaceutical industry, food and beverages, hospital medical products, chemical industry, textile industry, leather, paper and cellulose, animal feed, sanitizing products, cosmetics, products veterinary and finally agricultural bioinputs, this has grown considerably. The present work was divided into chapters that address the results of experiments with microbial chitinases and keratinases. Such enzymes are of great interest for biotechnological applications, especially in the agricultural sector where they have gained significant evidence in recent years. Chapter I proposes a comprehensive theoretical framework on the two classes of enzymes and their applications. In chapter II, three fungal species were selected for the production of chitinolytic enzymes, Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma harzianum and Coriolopsis byrsina. This study was conducted to demonstrate the possibility of using an agro-industrial substrate as an inducer of chitinase production. Biochemical characterization of the enzymes and application tests for the removal of biofilms were also carried out. Chapter III presents data related to the degradation of keratin residue, the ability of the bacteria Bacillus cereus to hydrolyze chicken feathers was investigated, the studies were conducted using the enzymes in the crude extract and applications of protein hydrolysates. In chapter IV, the ability of the bacterium Ochrobactrum intermedium to hydrolyze chicken feathers, characterization of the resulting enzymes and biotechnological applications of protein hydrolysates were investigated. These findings highlight the potential for using these microorganisms to produce enzymes as an environmentally safe alternative to treating waste from industrial activities, aiming at the possibility of offering biotechnological and sustainable products.

Research in enzyme and fermentation technology has increased significantly and driven sustainable industrial development. Studies aimed at minimizing production costs, optimizing processes, increasing product quality and/or reducing possible environmental damage from current technologies have gained increasing notoriety. In Brazil, companies that stand out in the application of enzymes operate in the area of diagnostics, pharmaceutical industry, food and beverages, hospital medical products, chemical industry, textile industry, leather, paper and cellulose, animal feed, sanitizing products, cosmetics, products veterinary and finally agricultural bioinputs, this has grown considerably. The present work was divided into chapters that address the results of experiments with microbial chitinases and keratinases. Such enzymes are of great interest for biotechnological applications, especially in the agricultural sector where they have gained significant evidence in recent years. Chapter I proposes a comprehensive theoretical framework on the two classes of enzymes and their applications. In chapter II, three fungal species were selected for the production of chitinolytic enzymes, Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma harzianum and Coriolopsis byrsina. This study was conducted to demonstrate the possibility of using an agro-industrial substrate as an inducer of chitinase production. Biochemical characterization of the enzymes and application tests for the removal of biofilms were also carried out. Chapter III presents data related to the degradation of keratin residue, the ability of the bacteria Bacillus cereus to hydrolyze chicken feathers was investigated, the studies were conducted using the enzymes in the crude extract and applications of protein hydrolysates. In chapter IV, the ability of the bacterium Ochrobactrum intermedium to hydrolyze chicken feathers, characterization of the resulting enzymes and biotechnological applications of protein hydrolysates were investigated. These findings highlight the potential for using these microorganisms to produce enzymes as an environmentally safe alternative to treating waste from industrial activities, aiming at the possibility of offering biotechnological and sustainable products.