Biological Properties of Extracts from Byrsonima Species in Microemulsions

Abstract

The Byrsonima genus, Malpighiaceae, represents a rich source of phenolic compounds with proven pharmacological properties (antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities). In this context, the aim of the present study was to identify chemical compounds employing UPLC-PDA-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and FIA-ESI-IT-MSn and evaluate the antimicrobial activity and toxicogenetic effects of hydroethanolic extracts obtained from B. coccolobifolia Kunth and B. ligustrifolia Mart. incorporated and not incorporated in microemulsions. The former presents grape seed oil and cholesterol at a 5:1 ratio, as an oily phase (10%) (microemulsion 1) and the other, only cholesterol (microemulsion 2). Both extracts and their formulations exhibited greater antifungal potential compared to antibacterial. The formulations, however, were highly cytotoxicity compared to free extracts and exhibited a lower selectivity index. The B. ligustrifolia formulations did not present mutagenic activity and inhibited previously detected extract mutagenicity, while B. coccolobifolia formulations microemulsion 2 induced mutations of the base pair substitution type in Typhimurium strains and oxidative damage in TA102 when assessed by the Ames test. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].