THE PASSIONS, THE INSTINCTS AND THE HUMAN EMOTIONS IN ARISTOTLE, FREUD AND NORBERT ELIAS: A REFLECTION FOR CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION

Abstract

This article aims to reflect on the role and importance of affective states as the passions, the instincts and the emotions in the process of constitution, formation and action of individuals and society itself and its possible resonances in education. From theoretical character, comes from the exposition of a crucial problem in school life today: the issue of violence. Next, it tries to expose the understanding that Aristotle, Freud and Norbert Elias had about these affective states, articulating it with the challenges that are faced by teachers and students in a classroom. Emotions, passions and instincts belong to human nature, that is, to get to know men better, perhaps we should begin to observe how we deal with them, which can contribute to the understanding of the character of an individual and a group. In this respect, the best way to establish strategies for influencing a person's conduct is to consider this other side of existence, which may explain violent attitudes. Therefore, the contributions of philosophy, psychology and sociology, and taking the school environment as a formative place, where the most diverse kinds of feelings are manifested, can lead us to a way of life based on moderation, prudence and temperance, that is, virtues that guarantee the experience of happiness, tolerance and respect.