Perseveração motora em crianças: impacto da condição de deficiência mental
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Data
2007-04-20
Autores
Cozzani, Márcia Valéria [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Gestos perseverativos são respostas inapropriadas para uma demanda da tarefa e eles são comuns em algumas idades. Diariamente, adultos repetem inconscientemente muitos gestos simples que são automáticos nas suas rotinas. Quando o ambiente é alterado, a sinergia do movimento não é necessariamente ajustada. Isto tem sido associado à disfunção neurológica. Por outro lado, perseveração motora tem sido recentemente usada para interpretar a canônica tarefa Piagetiana A-não-B. Na tarefa Anão- B, bebês são incentivados a alcançar e pegar um de dois objetos (localização chamada A) algumas vezes, com poucos segundos de demora entre dar a dica (chacoalhar o objeto e motivar a criança a pegá-lo) e dar o estímulo para a criança. Depois de um número de tentativas em A, o experimentador dá a dica no alvo B. Tipicamente, por volta dos 10 meses de idade, bebês com desenvolvimento normal, mesmo olhando esse jogo de esconder e procurar, voltam a alcançar na tampa A depois do experimentador ter dado a dica na tampa B. A proposta deste estudo foi determinar se crianças com e sem retardo mental perseveram ou não na tarefa modificada Piagetiana de alcançe A-não-B, também, identificar o relacionamento entre o olhar e o alcançar durante sua performance, bem como o padrão do alcançar. Nós utilizamos a tarefa modificada da caixa de areia em que um objeto é escondido em uma localização A ou B. Vinte bebês com desenvolvimento normal (GC) (média de idade de 27,3 l 3.82 meses) e vinte crianças com atraso no desenvolvimento (GD) (média de idade de 55,62 l 9.24 meses) foram autorizados por seus pais para participarem do estudo. Enquanto realizaram a tarefa A-não-B na caixa de areia, todos os participantes foram filmados por 3 cameras. Os resultados revelaram que o GD perseverou mais do que o GC ao longo de todas as tentativas...
Perseverative gestures are inappropriate responses to a task demand and they are common at any age. Daily, adults repeat unconsciously many simple gestures that are automatic in their routines. When the environment is slightly altered, the movement synergy is not necessarily adjusted. This has been associated to neurological dysfunction. On the other hand, motor perseveration has recently been used to interpret the canonical A not B Piagetian task. In the A not B task, infants are enticed to reach for and grasp at one of two objects (location called A) a few times each, with few seconds delay between cuing (shaking the object and enticing the child to grab it) and giving the stimulus to the child. After a number of trials in A, the experiment cues the B target. Typically, around the age of 9 months, normally-developing infants, even though they watch this hide and seek game, return to reach for the A lid after being cued to reach for the B lid. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not children with and without mental retardation (MR) perseverate in a modified Piagetian A not B reaching task, and also to identify the looking and reaching relationship during their performance as well as the reaching pattern. We modified the traditional Piagetian A not B task by placing one of two identical targets (lids) inside a sand box. Twenty normally developing infants (ND) (mean age of 27,3 l 3.82 months), and twenty children with mental retardation (MR) (mean age of 55.62 l 9.24 months) were authorized by their parents to take part in this study. While performing the A not B sand box task, all participants were videotaped with three cameras. A section experiment shows results confirming that the MR group perseverated throughout all trials. The MR group decoupled looking at the targets from the reaching gesture, while ND group kept lookingreaching coupled ... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below)
Perseverative gestures are inappropriate responses to a task demand and they are common at any age. Daily, adults repeat unconsciously many simple gestures that are automatic in their routines. When the environment is slightly altered, the movement synergy is not necessarily adjusted. This has been associated to neurological dysfunction. On the other hand, motor perseveration has recently been used to interpret the canonical A not B Piagetian task. In the A not B task, infants are enticed to reach for and grasp at one of two objects (location called A) a few times each, with few seconds delay between cuing (shaking the object and enticing the child to grab it) and giving the stimulus to the child. After a number of trials in A, the experiment cues the B target. Typically, around the age of 9 months, normally-developing infants, even though they watch this hide and seek game, return to reach for the A lid after being cued to reach for the B lid. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not children with and without mental retardation (MR) perseverate in a modified Piagetian A not B reaching task, and also to identify the looking and reaching relationship during their performance as well as the reaching pattern. We modified the traditional Piagetian A not B task by placing one of two identical targets (lids) inside a sand box. Twenty normally developing infants (ND) (mean age of 27,3 l 3.82 months), and twenty children with mental retardation (MR) (mean age of 55.62 l 9.24 months) were authorized by their parents to take part in this study. While performing the A not B sand box task, all participants were videotaped with three cameras. A section experiment shows results confirming that the MR group perseverated throughout all trials. The MR group decoupled looking at the targets from the reaching gesture, while ND group kept lookingreaching coupled ... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capacidade motora, Educação fisica para excepcionais, Preservação motora, Percepção-ação, Atrasos desenvolvimentais, Motor perseveration, Perception-action, Developmental disability
Como citar
COZZANI, Márcia Valéria. Perseveração motora em crianças: impacto da condição de deficiência mental. 2007. 138 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2007.