Produção, purificação e caracterização da protease de Thermomucor indicae seudaticae N31 e avaliação de sua aplicação na fabricação do queijo maturado
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2010-10-22
Autores
Dini, Carolina Merheb [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Proteases coagulantes microbianas catalisam a coagulação do leite, podendo substituir o coalho de bezerro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a protease do extrato enzimático do fungo Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae N31, obtido por fermentação em estado sólido (FES), e avaliar sua aplicação na fabricação de queijo maturado. Para avaliar a biomassa do fungo T. indicae-seudaticae N31 na FES foi utilizado o ergosterol como biomarcador. A biomassa, variou de 21,92 a 48,63 mg/g meio sólido na fermentação com farelo de trigo e de 30,18 a 81,67 mg/g meio sólido na fermentação com farelo de trigo e caseína. A condição de FES que resultou num extrato enzimático com alta atividade coagulante (AC) e baixa atividade proteolítica (AP) foi em 24 horas utilizando farelo de trigo como substrato. A AC deste extrato foi máxima em pH 5,7 e a 70°C; permaneceu estável na faixa de pH de 3,5 a 4,5 e foi termoestável até 45°C por 1 hora. A AP foi máxima em pH 5,5 e a 65°C, manteve aproximadamente 70% de estabilidade na faixa de pH de 5,0 a 7,0 e foi termoestável até 45°C por 1 hora. Dentre os inibidores de protease, o composto que mais afetou as atividades foi Pepstatin A. O extrato enzimático bruto foi concentrado por precipitação com álcool e foi cromatografado em resinas de filtração em gel (Sephadex G75) e troca iônica (Q Sepharose). AC e AP foram purificadas 43 e 16 vezes e exibiram recuperação de 1,3 e 0,5% das atividades iniciais, respectivamente. A AC da enzima purificada foi máxima em pH 5,3 e a 75°C, permaneceu estável na faixa de pH de 3,5 a 4,5 e foi termoestável até 60°C por 1 hora. Os íons cobre e níquel causaram maior perda de AC com 40 e 65% de inibição, respectivamente. As atividades foram novamente mais afetadas pela Pepstatin A. A AP da enzima purificada foi máxima...
Microbial coagulant proteases catalyze milk clotting, and so they can substitute rennet. The aim of this work was to study the proteolytic activity of the enzymatic extract from the fungus Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae N31, obtained through solid state fermentation (SSF), and evaluate its application in the production of ripened cheese. To evaluate microbial biomass in SSF ergosterol was used as a biomarker. Biomass of the fungus T. indicaeseudaticae N31, varied between 21.92 to 48.63 mg/g solid medium in fermentation with wheat bran and between 30.18 to 81.67 mg/g solid medium in fermentation with wheat bran and casein. The condition for FES that resulted in an enzymatic extract with high milkclotting activity (MCA) and low proteolytic activity (PA) was in 24 hours using wheat bran as substrate. MCA in this extract was maximum at pH 5.7, at 70°C, remained stable in pH range of 3.5 to 4.5, was thermostable up to 45°C for 1 hour. PA was maximum at pH 5.5 and at 65°C, kept approximately 70% of stability in the pH range of 5.0 to 7.0 and was thermostable up to 45°C for 1 hour. Among the protease inhibitors tested, the one that most affected the activities was Pepstatin A. The crude enzymatic extract was purified through precipitation with alcohol followed by gel filtration (Sephadex G75) and ion exchange (Q Sepharose) cromatographies. MCA and PA were purified 43 and 16-fold and exhibited 1.3 and 0.5% recovery of initial activities, respectively. MCA of the purified enzyme was maximum at pH 5.3 and at 75°C, remained stable in pH range of 3.5 to 4.5 and revealed high thermostability up to 60°C for 1 hour. Ions copper and nickel caused most loss of MCA with 40 and 65% of inhibition, respectively. The activities were again most affected by Pepstatin A. PA of purified enzyme was maximum at pH 5.5 and at 65°C... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Microbial coagulant proteases catalyze milk clotting, and so they can substitute rennet. The aim of this work was to study the proteolytic activity of the enzymatic extract from the fungus Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae N31, obtained through solid state fermentation (SSF), and evaluate its application in the production of ripened cheese. To evaluate microbial biomass in SSF ergosterol was used as a biomarker. Biomass of the fungus T. indicaeseudaticae N31, varied between 21.92 to 48.63 mg/g solid medium in fermentation with wheat bran and between 30.18 to 81.67 mg/g solid medium in fermentation with wheat bran and casein. The condition for FES that resulted in an enzymatic extract with high milkclotting activity (MCA) and low proteolytic activity (PA) was in 24 hours using wheat bran as substrate. MCA in this extract was maximum at pH 5.7, at 70°C, remained stable in pH range of 3.5 to 4.5, was thermostable up to 45°C for 1 hour. PA was maximum at pH 5.5 and at 65°C, kept approximately 70% of stability in the pH range of 5.0 to 7.0 and was thermostable up to 45°C for 1 hour. Among the protease inhibitors tested, the one that most affected the activities was Pepstatin A. The crude enzymatic extract was purified through precipitation with alcohol followed by gel filtration (Sephadex G75) and ion exchange (Q Sepharose) cromatographies. MCA and PA were purified 43 and 16-fold and exhibited 1.3 and 0.5% recovery of initial activities, respectively. MCA of the purified enzyme was maximum at pH 5.3 and at 75°C, remained stable in pH range of 3.5 to 4.5 and revealed high thermostability up to 60°C for 1 hour. Ions copper and nickel caused most loss of MCA with 40 and 65% of inhibition, respectively. The activities were again most affected by Pepstatin A. PA of purified enzyme was maximum at pH 5.5 and at 65°C... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Microbiologia industrial, Enzimas de fungos - Aplicações industriais, Enzimas proteoliticas - Aplicações industriais, Queijo prato - Indústria
Como citar
DINI, Carolina Merheb. Produção, purificação e caracterização da protease de Thermomucor indicae seudaticae N31 e avaliação de sua aplicação na fabricação do queijo maturado. 2010. 130 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2010.