Efeito do composto orgânico e adubação potássica em atributos do solo e da beterraba
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2012-11-23
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da beterraba à doses de composto orgânico e adubação potássica em cobertura, e o efeito destes em atributos do solo. Foi realizado um experimento na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel (FCA/UNESP), localizada em São Manuel-SP, com 10 tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, e delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas cinco doses de composto orgânico (0; 20; 40; 60 e 80 t ha-1) na presença (60 kg ha-1 de K2O) e ausência da adubação potássica em cobertura. Para todos os tratamentos foi feita adubação com nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio no plantio, de acordo com a análise de solo. As características avaliadas foram: propriedades químicas do solo ao longo do ciclo, características vegetativas (altura; número de folhas; massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, raiz e da planta e área foliar) ao longo do ciclo, acúmulo e exportação de macronutrientes (nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio e enxofre) e produção (massa média, produtividade, diâmetro e comprimento das raízes). As doses de composto orgânico proporcionaram efeito positivo nas propriedades químicas do solo durante todas as épocas avaliadas. A ordem decrescente dos macronutrientes exportados pelas raízes de beterraba foi: potássio > nitrogênio > fósforo > magnésio > enxofre > cálcio. A ordem decrescente dos macronutrientes acumulados pela planta foi: potássio > nitrogênio > magnésio > cálcio > fósforo > enxofre. O período de maior demanda para a maioria dos macronutrientes foi dos 29 aos 43 dias após o transplante (DAT). Para produção, observou-se efeito quadrático para as doses de composto com máxima produtividade com 52 t ha-1. A adubação potássica em cobertura não proporcionou aumento na produção, indicando que a adubação potássica de plantio foi suficiente para suprir a demanda de potássio
The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of beet in function organic compost levels and potassium fertilization, and their effects on soil properties. The experiment was conducted at São Manuel Experimental Farm (FCA/UNESP), in São Manuel- SP, with 10 treatments in factorial scheme 5x2, and randomized complete blocks design, with four replications. Five compost levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) were evaluated in the presence (60 kg ha-1 of K2O) and absence of potassium fertilization in coverage. For all treatments was done fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at planting, according to soil analysis. The characteristics evaluated were: soil chemical properties during the cycle, vegetative characteristics (height; number of leaves; fresh and dry weight of shoot, root and total plant; and leaf area) during the cycle, accumulation and exportation of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur) and production (fresh weight, yield, root length and diameter). The organic compost levels provide positive effects on the soil chemical properties during all periods evaluated. The order of nutrients exported by the beet roots was: potassium > nitrogen > phosphorous > magnesium > sulfur > calcium. The order of nutrients accumulated in the beet plant was: potassium> nitrogen> magnesium > calcium > phosphorus > sulfur. The period with the biggest demand for most of macronutrients was from 29 to 43 days after transplantation (DAT). For production, it was observed quadratic effect for compost levels with the highest yield with 52 t ha-1. Potassium fertilization in coverage did not provide increase in production, indicating that potassium fertilization at planting was sufficient to support the demand of potassium for beets
The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of beet in function organic compost levels and potassium fertilization, and their effects on soil properties. The experiment was conducted at São Manuel Experimental Farm (FCA/UNESP), in São Manuel- SP, with 10 treatments in factorial scheme 5x2, and randomized complete blocks design, with four replications. Five compost levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) were evaluated in the presence (60 kg ha-1 of K2O) and absence of potassium fertilization in coverage. For all treatments was done fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at planting, according to soil analysis. The characteristics evaluated were: soil chemical properties during the cycle, vegetative characteristics (height; number of leaves; fresh and dry weight of shoot, root and total plant; and leaf area) during the cycle, accumulation and exportation of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur) and production (fresh weight, yield, root length and diameter). The organic compost levels provide positive effects on the soil chemical properties during all periods evaluated. The order of nutrients exported by the beet roots was: potassium > nitrogen > phosphorous > magnesium > sulfur > calcium. The order of nutrients accumulated in the beet plant was: potassium> nitrogen> magnesium > calcium > phosphorus > sulfur. The period with the biggest demand for most of macronutrients was from 29 to 43 days after transplantation (DAT). For production, it was observed quadratic effect for compost levels with the highest yield with 52 t ha-1. Potassium fertilization in coverage did not provide increase in production, indicating that potassium fertilization at planting was sufficient to support the demand of potassium for beets
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubação orgânica, Beterraba, Plantas - Efeito do potassio, Plantas - Nutrição, Marcha de absorção, Organic fertilizers, Plants, Effect of potassium on
Como citar
MAGRO, Felipe Oliveira. Efeito do composto orgânico e adubação potássica em atributos do solo e da beterraba. 2012. iii, 109 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.