Efeito de efluente de esgoto tratado e lodo de esgoto compostado no solo e nas culturas de trigo e soja
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Data
2013-12-16
Autores
Kummer, Ana Carolina Barbosa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O crescente aumento da população tem elevado a demanda pela água, principalmente na agricultura irrigada, atividade que utiliza em torno de 70% de toda água consumida atualmente. As retiradas permanentes somadas aos usos múltiplos da água contribuem para o aumento de resíduos tais como esgotos domésticos e lodo de esgoto, que por conterem elevado teor de matéria orgânica e nutrientes, tornam-se uma alternativa promissora de uso na agricultura, principalmente quanto à substituição ou complementação dos fertilizantes agrícolas tradicionais que muitas vezes possuem custo elevado. A fim de garantir a disposição e reciclagem adequadas destes, no Brasil, varias linhas de pesquisa tornam-se necessárias, entre elas o reúso agrícola. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da irrigação com efluente de esgoto tratado – EET e da adubação com lodo de esgoto compostado - LEC, como substituto parcial, total e em dose superior à adubação nitrogenada convencional, sobre os parâmetros de desenvolvimento e de produção das culturas de trigo e soja, além dos efeitos sobre os teores nutricionais nas folhas (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn), acúmulo de metais pesados, macro e micronutrientes nos grãos (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ba, Mo, Ni, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg e Se) bem como seus efeitos nas características químicas do solo (pH, M.O., CTC, H+Al, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, SB, V%, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn). O estudo foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, no Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, pertencente à FCA/UNESP, campus de Botucatu/SP. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, empregando-se nas parcelas 2 tipos de água para irrigação (água potável - AP e EET), e nas subparcelas 7 níveis de adubação nitrogenada, perfazendo um total de 14 tratamentos com 10 repetições. Os 2 tratamentos estudado...
The population growth has increased the demand for water, especially in irrigated agriculture, an activity that uses approximately 70% of all water currently consumed. The permanent withdrawals added to the multiple uses of water contribute to the increase of waste, such as waste water and sewage sludge containing high levels of organic matter and nutrients, become a promising alternative, especially regarding the replacement or complementation fertilizer traditional agriculture, which often have a high cost. To ensure the proper recycling and disposal of these in Brazil several lines of research become necessary, including agricultural reuse. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with treated sewage effluent - TSE and fertilization with composted sewage sludge - CSS, as partial, complete and superior to conventional nitrogen fertilizer replacement dose on developmental parameters and production of crops of wheat and soybeans, and also the effects on the nutritional content in leaves (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) accumulation of heavy metals in the macro and micronutrients grains (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ba, Mo, Ni, As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Se) as well as their effects on the chemical characteristics of the soil (pH, organic matter., CTC, H + Al, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, SB,% V, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). The study was conducted in a protected environment at the Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, belonging to the FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP . The adopted experimental design in split plot , using the plots 2 types of irrigation water (potable water - PA and TSE) and the subplots 7 nitrogen levels , making a total of 14 treatments with 10 replications . The treatments studied within each plot were: T0 - nitrogen fertilization; T1 - 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer, T2 - 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer and 50% of nitrogen from the CSS; T3, T4, ...
The population growth has increased the demand for water, especially in irrigated agriculture, an activity that uses approximately 70% of all water currently consumed. The permanent withdrawals added to the multiple uses of water contribute to the increase of waste, such as waste water and sewage sludge containing high levels of organic matter and nutrients, become a promising alternative, especially regarding the replacement or complementation fertilizer traditional agriculture, which often have a high cost. To ensure the proper recycling and disposal of these in Brazil several lines of research become necessary, including agricultural reuse. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with treated sewage effluent - TSE and fertilization with composted sewage sludge - CSS, as partial, complete and superior to conventional nitrogen fertilizer replacement dose on developmental parameters and production of crops of wheat and soybeans, and also the effects on the nutritional content in leaves (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) accumulation of heavy metals in the macro and micronutrients grains (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ba, Mo, Ni, As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Se) as well as their effects on the chemical characteristics of the soil (pH, organic matter., CTC, H + Al, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, SB,% V, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). The study was conducted in a protected environment at the Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, belonging to the FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP . The adopted experimental design in split plot , using the plots 2 types of irrigation water (potable water - PA and TSE) and the subplots 7 nitrogen levels , making a total of 14 treatments with 10 replications . The treatments studied within each plot were: T0 - nitrogen fertilization; T1 - 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer, T2 - 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer and 50% of nitrogen from the CSS; T3, T4, ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aguas residuais de irrigação, Lodo de esgoto, Nitrogenio na agricultura, Trigo, Soja, Nitrogen in agriculture
Como citar
KUMMER, Ana Carolina Barbosa. Efeito de efluente de esgoto tratado e lodo de esgoto compostado no solo e nas culturas de trigo e soja. 2013. xiv, 178 f. Tese (doutorado)- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.