Fertirrigação por gotejamento e seu efeito na cultura do café (Coffea arabica L.) em formação
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Data
2003-12
Autores
Leite Júnior, João Batista [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Realizou-se um experimento para verificar a melhor dose de adubação nitrogenada e potássica por fertirrigação no cafeeiro (cv Catuaí Vermelho, IAC-81) em formação no espaçamento de 2,5 por 0,80 m, na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da FCA, - UNESP, Campus de Botucatu - SP, num Nitossolo Distrófico textura argilosa a 786m de altitude, com médias anuais de precipitação de 1447mm e evapotranspiração de referência de 684mm, no período de abril de 2001 a junho de 2003. Utilizou-se para irrigação por gotejamento, o tape Chapin com espaçamento de 20 cm entre emissores e um Venturi para a injeção de fertilizantes, sendo que o manejo da irrigação foi realizado por leituras de tensiômetros. Utilizou-se um clorofilômetro (SPAD-502 da Minolta) para monitorar os teores de N na planta. O delineamento consistiu em 4 blocos casualizados, onde foram dispostos 8 tratamentos, sendo 5 doses de N (uréia) e K (cloreto de potássio) (0%, 50%,100%,150% e 200% do recomendado para o cafeeiro no estado de São Paulo por Raij e colaboradores do Grupo Paulista de Adubação do Cafeeiro no Boletim 100 do IAC, 1997), 2 tratamentos com aplicação de 100% da dose recomendada (com e sem irrigação) e testemunha (sem adubação e sem irrigação). Ao final do experimento conclui-se que a irrigação comparada com o tratamento sem irrigação promoveu diminuição no teor de MO do solo na camada de 20 a 40 cm; aumento dos teores de P, S na folha; nenhuma diferença no diâmetro de caule, altura de plantas e na produtividade. A fertirrigação, comparada com a adubação convencional, promoveu: diminuição do pH e teor de Mg, com aumento do H + Al no solo na camada de 0 a 20 cm; diminuição de pH e SB com aumento do H + Al na camada de 20 a 40 cm...
It was made an experiment to verify the best manuring dose for fertigation to be applied in the culture of the coffee (cv Red Catuaí, IAC-81) in formation in the spacing of 2,5 for 0,80 m, in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering of FCA, - UNESP, Campus of Botucatu - SP, in a Nitossolo Distrófico loamy texture at 786m of altitude, with annual averages of precipitation of 1447mm and evapotranspiration of reference of 684mm, in the period of April of 2001 to June of 2003. It was used for irrigation by leak, close Chapin with spacing of 20 cm and a Venturi for the injection of fertilizers, and the handling of the irrigation was accomplished by tensiômetros. A clorofilometer was used (SPAD-502 of Minolta) to monitor the texts of N in the plant. The experiment was realized in 4 blocks randomized, where 8 treatments were disposed, being 5 doses of N (urea) and K (potassium chloride) (0%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200% recommended for the culture of the coffee in the state of São Paulo - Bulletin 100 of IAC), 2 treatments with application of 100% of the recommended dose (with and without irrigation) and he/she testifies (without manuring and without irrigation). At the end of the experiment it is ended that the irrigation compared with the treatment without irrigation promoted decrease in the text of organic matter of the soil in the layer of 20 to 40 cm; increase of the texts of P, S in the leaf; any difference in the stem diameter, height of plants and in the productivity. The fertigation compared with the conventional manuring promoted: decrease of the pH and text of Mg, with increase of H + Al in the soil in the layer of 0 to 20 cm; pH decrease and SB with increase of H + Al in the layer of 20 to 40 cm; increase in the text of N in the leaf... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
It was made an experiment to verify the best manuring dose for fertigation to be applied in the culture of the coffee (cv Red Catuaí, IAC-81) in formation in the spacing of 2,5 for 0,80 m, in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering of FCA, - UNESP, Campus of Botucatu - SP, in a Nitossolo Distrófico loamy texture at 786m of altitude, with annual averages of precipitation of 1447mm and evapotranspiration of reference of 684mm, in the period of April of 2001 to June of 2003. It was used for irrigation by leak, close Chapin with spacing of 20 cm and a Venturi for the injection of fertilizers, and the handling of the irrigation was accomplished by tensiômetros. A clorofilometer was used (SPAD-502 of Minolta) to monitor the texts of N in the plant. The experiment was realized in 4 blocks randomized, where 8 treatments were disposed, being 5 doses of N (urea) and K (potassium chloride) (0%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200% recommended for the culture of the coffee in the state of São Paulo - Bulletin 100 of IAC), 2 treatments with application of 100% of the recommended dose (with and without irrigation) and he/she testifies (without manuring and without irrigation). At the end of the experiment it is ended that the irrigation compared with the treatment without irrigation promoted decrease in the text of organic matter of the soil in the layer of 20 to 40 cm; increase of the texts of P, S in the leaf; any difference in the stem diameter, height of plants and in the productivity. The fertigation compared with the conventional manuring promoted: decrease of the pH and text of Mg, with increase of H + Al in the soil in the layer of 0 to 20 cm; pH decrease and SB with increase of H + Al in the layer of 20 to 40 cm; increase in the text of N in the leaf... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Irrigação agricola, Café - Irrigação, Plantas - Efeito do potassio, Plantas - Efeito do nitrogenio, Café - fertirrigação, Irrigação por gotejamento, Catuaí Vermelho, coffee - irrigation, Fertigation, Red Catuaí
Como citar
LEITE JÚNIOR, João Batista. Fertirrigação por gotejamento e seu efeito na cultura do café (Coffea arabica L.) em formação. 2003. . Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2003.