Temperatura ambiente e nutrição de codornas japonesas
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Data
2012-06-21
Autores
Berto, Daniella Aparecida [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de avaliar níveis de energia metabolizável para rações de codornas japonesas em fase de postura, alojadas sob condições de termoneutralidade e sob alta temperatura, dois ensaios foram efetuados. No primeiro, foram utilizadas 360 aves dispostas em câmara bioclimática com temperatura de conforto térmico. No segundo ensaio, 360 codornas foram alojadas em sala sob condições de estresse cíclico por calor. Cada ensaio experimental compreendeu dois ciclos de 28 dias. As dietas utilizadas nos dois ensaios foram formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja, sendo divididas em quatro tratamentos experimentais, de acordo com os níveis de energia a serem avaliados – 2800, 2900, 3000 e 3100 kcal EM/kg de ração. Nos dois experimentos, foi utilizado delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições de 18 aves por gaiola, para cada tratamento. Em cada ensaio experimental, os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e os efeitos dos níveis de energia metabolizável foram submetidos à análise de regressão, sendo que os graus de liberdade dos fatores foram desdobrados nos efeitos linear, quadrático e cúbico, para escolha do modelo que melhor descrevesse o comportamento dos dados. Para aves alojadas sob temperatura neutra, foi observada maior massa de ovos de aves alimentadas com dietas contendo valor estimado de 2918 kcal EM/kg ração, e uma menor coloração da gema de ovos produzidos por codornas que receberam 2800 kcal EM/kg alimento. Aumento linear na excreção de nitrogênio foi observado de acordo com o aumento do nível de energia na ração. Para aves submetidas ao estresse cíclico por calor, observou-se redução linear no consumo de ração e na massa de ovos, conforme o nível de energia da dieta aumentava. Para cor de gema e excreção de nitrogênio, observou-se aumento linear...
The goal of this experiment was evaluate the metabolizable energy levels of diets for Japanese quails maintained under thermo comfort zone and high temperature conditions throughout the laying phase, two trials were performed. In the first experiment, 360 birds were allocated in bioclimatic chambers with thermo neutral temperature and in the second one, 360 quails were housed under cyclic heat stress. Each experimental trial comprised two cycles of 28 days. The diets of both trials were formulated based on corn and soybean meal and were split in four experimental treatments according to the tested energy levels - 2800, 2900, 3000 and 3100 kcal ME/kg of diet. In both experiments a randomized block design were used with five repetitions of 18 birds per cage for each treatment. In each experimental trial, data were submitted to analysis of variance and the effects of metabolizable energy levels to regression analysis, the degrees of freedom of factors were deployed in linear, quadratic and cubic effects to choose the better model which described the behavior of data. For birds under the neutral temperature, it was observed a higher egg mass from quails fed diets containing 2918 kcal ME/kg of diet, and a lower yolk color of eggs produced by quails that received 2800 kcal ME/ kg of diet. There was a linear augment in nitrogen excretion according to the increase of dietary energy level. Birds subjected to cyclic heat stress showed a linear reduction in feed intake and egg mass with the augment of energy level in the diet. For color of yolk and nitrogen excretion, there was a linear increase with the raise of dietary energy levels. Quadratic effects of treatments were observed, and the estimated level of 2903 kcal ME / kg of diet provided the greater values for egg weight and the level of 2884 kcal/kg had the worst feed: gain ratio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The goal of this experiment was evaluate the metabolizable energy levels of diets for Japanese quails maintained under thermo comfort zone and high temperature conditions throughout the laying phase, two trials were performed. In the first experiment, 360 birds were allocated in bioclimatic chambers with thermo neutral temperature and in the second one, 360 quails were housed under cyclic heat stress. Each experimental trial comprised two cycles of 28 days. The diets of both trials were formulated based on corn and soybean meal and were split in four experimental treatments according to the tested energy levels - 2800, 2900, 3000 and 3100 kcal ME/kg of diet. In both experiments a randomized block design were used with five repetitions of 18 birds per cage for each treatment. In each experimental trial, data were submitted to analysis of variance and the effects of metabolizable energy levels to regression analysis, the degrees of freedom of factors were deployed in linear, quadratic and cubic effects to choose the better model which described the behavior of data. For birds under the neutral temperature, it was observed a higher egg mass from quails fed diets containing 2918 kcal ME/kg of diet, and a lower yolk color of eggs produced by quails that received 2800 kcal ME/ kg of diet. There was a linear augment in nitrogen excretion according to the increase of dietary energy level. Birds subjected to cyclic heat stress showed a linear reduction in feed intake and egg mass with the augment of energy level in the diet. For color of yolk and nitrogen excretion, there was a linear increase with the raise of dietary energy levels. Quadratic effects of treatments were observed, and the estimated level of 2903 kcal ME / kg of diet provided the greater values for egg weight and the level of 2884 kcal/kg had the worst feed: gain ratio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Codorna japonesa - Alimentação e rações, Aminoacidos na nutrição animal, Calor – Efeito fisiológico, Conforto termico, Ovos, Ovos - Qualidade, Eggs - Production
Como citar
BERTO, Daniella Aparecida. Temperatura ambiente e nutrição de codornas japonesas. 2012. xvi, 137 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia de Botucatu, 2012.