Desempenho operacional de semeadora-adubadorae perdas na colheita do milho em sistema de plantio direto
Carregando...
Data
2008-05-29
Autores
Grotta, Danilo Cesar Checchio [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo buscado com o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi obter informações quanto às melhores alternativas para o sistema de semeadura direta em regiões com características semelhantes às de Jaboticabal/SP, na cultura do milho, em diferentes manejos de culturas de cobertura do solo. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Laboratório de Máquinas e Mecanização Agrícola (LAMMA) da UNESP/Jaboticabal. Avaliou-se o desempenho do conjunto trator-semeadora-adubadora, o desenvolvimento de um híbrido simples de milho (DKB 390), e as perdas na colheita mecanizada em função de 2 culturas de cobertura crotalária (Crotalária juncea L.) e mucuna preta (Mucuna aterrina L.), manejadas de 3 formas, sendo duas mecânicas (triturador de palhas e rolo-faca) e uma química (herbicida via pulverizador) com a cultura do milho semeada a 5 cm de profundidade e deposição de adubo em 3 profundidades (11, 14 e 17 cm) totalizando 18 tratamentos com 4 repetições com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial. Os resultados evidenciaram que a força de tração na barra foi menor nas profundidades 11 e 14 cm do sulcador de adubo, e o mesmo ocorreu para a força de tração na barra por fileira de semeadura, força de pico na barra de tração, potência na barra de tração, potência na barra por fileira de semeadura, consumos volumétrico e ponderal. O consumo específico foi maior na profundidade de 11 cm do sulcador de adubo. A distribuição longitudinal de plantas não foi influenciada pelos fatores. Os fatores cultura, manejo e profundidade não influenciaram as variáveis, fluxo de grãos, fluxo de material não grão, fluxo total e perdas totais. As perdas totais não foram influenciadas por nenhum dos fatores estudados.
The objective sought with the development of the work was to obtain information on the best alternatives to the no-tillage system sowing in regions with similar characteristics to those of Jaboticabal / SP, in the corn crop in different management cultures of soil cover. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Laboratory of Machinery and Agricultural Mechanization (LAMMA) of São Paulo University State. It was evaluated the performance of all tractor-seeder-fertilizer, the development of a simple hybrid maize (DKB 390), and losses in mechanized harvesting crops in function of 2 coverage cultures (Crotalária juncea L.) and black mucuna ( Mucuna aterrina L.), managed in 3 ways, two mechanical (crusher of straw and roll-knife) and a chemical (herbicide spray route) with the corn crop sown to 5 cm deep and deposition of fertilizer in 3 depths ( 11, 14 and 17 cm) totaling 18 treatments with 4 repetitions with design in randomized blocks in factorial plots. The results showed that the force of traction in the bar was lower at depths of 11 to 14 cm stem of fertilizer, and the same occurred for the traction force on the bar by row of sowing, the power peak in the bar of traction, potency on the traction bar, potency on the traction bar by the row of sowing, consumption volumetric and weight. The specific consumption was higher in the depth of 11 cm from steam of fertilizer. The longitudinal distribution of plants was not influenced by factors. The factors culture, management and depth did not influence the variables of grain flow, flow of material non-grain, total flow and total losses. The total losses were not affected by any of the factors studied.
The objective sought with the development of the work was to obtain information on the best alternatives to the no-tillage system sowing in regions with similar characteristics to those of Jaboticabal / SP, in the corn crop in different management cultures of soil cover. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Laboratory of Machinery and Agricultural Mechanization (LAMMA) of São Paulo University State. It was evaluated the performance of all tractor-seeder-fertilizer, the development of a simple hybrid maize (DKB 390), and losses in mechanized harvesting crops in function of 2 coverage cultures (Crotalária juncea L.) and black mucuna ( Mucuna aterrina L.), managed in 3 ways, two mechanical (crusher of straw and roll-knife) and a chemical (herbicide spray route) with the corn crop sown to 5 cm deep and deposition of fertilizer in 3 depths ( 11, 14 and 17 cm) totaling 18 treatments with 4 repetitions with design in randomized blocks in factorial plots. The results showed that the force of traction in the bar was lower at depths of 11 to 14 cm stem of fertilizer, and the same occurred for the traction force on the bar by row of sowing, the power peak in the bar of traction, potency on the traction bar, potency on the traction bar by the row of sowing, consumption volumetric and weight. The specific consumption was higher in the depth of 11 cm from steam of fertilizer. The longitudinal distribution of plants was not influenced by factors. The factors culture, management and depth did not influence the variables of grain flow, flow of material non-grain, total flow and total losses. The total losses were not affected by any of the factors studied.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Losses in the harvest, Power on the traction bar, Fuel consumption, Maquinas agricolas - Tração, Perdas durante a colheita, Consumo de combustível, Força na barra de tração
Como citar
GROTTA, Danilo Cesar Checchio. Desempenho operacional de semeadora-adubadorae perdas na colheita do milho em sistema de plantio direto. 2008. xiii, 93 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.