Eficiência de volumes e pontas de pulverização centrífuga e hidráulica na distribuição e deposição da calda no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja
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Data
2013-04-19
Autores
Costa, Lilian Lúcia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Para o controle eficiente da ferrugem asiática da soja [Phakopsora pachyrhizi (H. Sydow & P. Sydow)] e redução dos custos de produção, o estudo e desenvolvimento de novas técnicas e equipamentos de aplicação de produtos fitossanitários tornam-se indispensáveis para se obter melhor distribuição da pulverização e colocação do produto no alvo desejado. Assim, o trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a recuperação de íons metálicos utilizados como marcadores em estudos de depósito; avaliar os depósitos e a cobertura das plantas de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] pela calda pulverizada e avaliar o controle da ferrugem asiática da soja, utilizando-se diferentes volumes de aplicação combinados a pontas de pulverização de energia hidráulica e centrífuga. Para estas avaliações foram conduzidos quatro experimentos, com a cultura da soja, em área experimental da UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, SP. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido em vasos, com plantas de soja, com o objetivo de determinar a recuperação de íons metálicos utilizados como marcadores em estudos de depósitos da calda pulverizada e, verificar as variações na tensão superficial da solução pela adição dos mesmos à calda. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por caldas com um dos seguintes marcadores: sulfato de manganês, sulfato de zinco, sulfato de cobre, hidróxido de cobre e oxicloreto de cobre. Os marcadores foram aplicados na superfície adaxial de folíolos de soja e sobre lâminas de vidro, quantificados por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica e, posteriormente, comparou-se a concentração recuperada e a predeterminada. Oxicloreto de cobre, sulfato de manganês, cobre ou zinco são adequados como marcadores de calda nos estudos de depósitos da pulverização por não alterar a tensão superficial da calda e por apresentar altas porcentagens de recuperação. O hidróxido de cobre, na...
In order to have ASR efficiently controlled with reduced costs, studying and developing new techniques and equipments is of paramount importance to get the product better distributed and placed on the chosen targets. So, the objectives of this investigation were to determine the recovery of metallic ions used as markers in deposit studies, to evaluate the deposits and the covering of soybean plants by the fungicide mixture, and to evaluate the degree to which ASR was controlled. Different volumes of the fungicide mixture were applied by either centrifugally or hydraulically moved spray nozzles. Four experiments were carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Paulista State University (UNESP) on its campus of Jaboticabal, state of São Paulo, Brazil. In the first, the soybean plants were grown in vases and the objective was to determine the recovery of metallic ions used as markers in studies of the fungicide mixture deposits and also to verify the variations in surface tension in the solution resulting from the adding of those ions to the fungicide mixture. The treatments consisted of fungicides mixtures having one of the following markers: manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide, and copper oxychloride. The markers were applied onto the adaxial surface of soybean leaflets and on glass laminae and then quantified by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. After that, the recovered and the predetermined concentrations were compared. Copper oxychloride, manganese or copper or zinc sulfate were found to be adequate as the fungicide mixture markers in deposit studies since they do not modify surface tension and because they are highly recoverable. Copper hydroxide is not recommended because it alters the fungicide mixture surface tension. The second and the third experiments were carried out during the cropping seasons of 2009/10 and 2010/11 in which the ...
In order to have ASR efficiently controlled with reduced costs, studying and developing new techniques and equipments is of paramount importance to get the product better distributed and placed on the chosen targets. So, the objectives of this investigation were to determine the recovery of metallic ions used as markers in deposit studies, to evaluate the deposits and the covering of soybean plants by the fungicide mixture, and to evaluate the degree to which ASR was controlled. Different volumes of the fungicide mixture were applied by either centrifugally or hydraulically moved spray nozzles. Four experiments were carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Paulista State University (UNESP) on its campus of Jaboticabal, state of São Paulo, Brazil. In the first, the soybean plants were grown in vases and the objective was to determine the recovery of metallic ions used as markers in studies of the fungicide mixture deposits and also to verify the variations in surface tension in the solution resulting from the adding of those ions to the fungicide mixture. The treatments consisted of fungicides mixtures having one of the following markers: manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide, and copper oxychloride. The markers were applied onto the adaxial surface of soybean leaflets and on glass laminae and then quantified by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. After that, the recovered and the predetermined concentrations were compared. Copper oxychloride, manganese or copper or zinc sulfate were found to be adequate as the fungicide mixture markers in deposit studies since they do not modify surface tension and because they are highly recoverable. Copper hydroxide is not recommended because it alters the fungicide mixture surface tension. The second and the third experiments were carried out during the cropping seasons of 2009/10 and 2010/11 in which the ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soja - Doenças e pragas - Controle, Ferrugem asiática, Pulverização, Produtos químicos agrícolas - Aplicação, Defensivos vegetais - Tecnologia de aplicação, Soybean rust disease
Como citar
COSTA, Lilian Lúcia. Eficiência de volumes e pontas de pulverização centrífuga e hidráulica na distribuição e deposição da calda no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja. 2013. xi, 80 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.