Morfofisiologia das castas e forrageamento do cupim de cerrado Velocitermes heteropterus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
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Data
2013-04-15
Autores
Haifig, Ives [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os cupins são insetos eussociais que apresentam divisão em castas entre os componentes das colônias. As castas apresentam adaptações morfofisiológicas para o melhor desempenho de determinadas funções e atividades comportamentais. A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar, do ponto morfológico, fisiológico e comportamental, as castas ápteras do cupim Velocitermes heteropterus que participam ativamente do forrageamento. No capítulo 1 deste volume é apresentado o estudo do polimorfismo da casta operária de V. heteropterus com duas subcastas, operários pequenos e grandes, baseado em caracteres morfométricos. Além disso, no capítulo 1 a rede de túneis escavadas por estes insetos foi caracterizada e as redes formadas por operários pequenos comparadas àquelas formadas por operários grandes e por grupos mistos dos dois tipos de operários. No capítulo 2 são apresentados os dados morfométricos dos outros componentes da linhagem áptera, ou seja, larvas e soldados, e também constam os dados de expressão gênica das celulases, os quais foram quantificados para ambos operários (pequenos e grandes) e soldados. Adicionalmente, no capítulo 2 é apresentado o sistema de desenvolvimento pós-embrionário da linhagem áptera de V. heteropterus. No capítulo 3 são apresentados dados sobre a dinâmica das trilhas de forrageamento de V. heteropterus. O fluxo de cupins saindo do ninho e retornando do alimento, a velocidade média individual e o número de colisões, bem como a distribuição espacial dos indivíduos nas trilhas, foram analisados durante as três primeiras horas desde o início do processo de forrageamento. A linhagem áptera de V. heteropterus apresenta um polimorfismo que está intimamente vinculado ao sexo e aos ínstares dos indivíduos. O polimorfismo dos componentes desta linhagem está relacionado...
Termites are eusocial insects that exhibit a division in castes among the members of the colonies. The current research had the aim to analyze, on the morphological, physiological and behavioral points of view, the apterous castes of the termite Velocitermes heteropterus that actively participate in foraging. The castes show morpho-physiological adaptations to develop certain functions and behavioral activities. In the chapter 1 of this volume it is presented the study of the polymorphism in the worker caste of V. heteropterus with two subcastes, major and minor workers, based on morphometric characters. In addition, in the chapter 1, the tunnel network excavated by these insects is characterized and the networks excavated by minor workers are compared to those excavated by major workers and mixed groups containing the two types of workers. In the chapter 2, the morphometric data on the other apterous individuals are presented, i. e., larvae and soldiers, and it is shown the cellulase gene expression, which were quantified for both workers (minors and majors) and soldiers. Additionally, in the chapter 2, the post-embryonic developmental system of the apterous line in V. heteropterus is presented. In the chapter 3, it is exhibit data on foraging trail dynamics of V. heteropterus. The flow of termites leaving the nest and returning from the food, the individual speed and the number of collisions, as well as the spatial distribution of the individuals in the trails, were analyzed for the first three hours from the beginning of the foraging process. The apterous line exhibit a polymorphism intimately related to the sex and instars of the individuals. The polymorphism of the members of this line is related to a differential contribution of the subcastes in tunneling and foraging processes, but does not seem to influence the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Termites are eusocial insects that exhibit a division in castes among the members of the colonies. The current research had the aim to analyze, on the morphological, physiological and behavioral points of view, the apterous castes of the termite Velocitermes heteropterus that actively participate in foraging. The castes show morpho-physiological adaptations to develop certain functions and behavioral activities. In the chapter 1 of this volume it is presented the study of the polymorphism in the worker caste of V. heteropterus with two subcastes, major and minor workers, based on morphometric characters. In addition, in the chapter 1, the tunnel network excavated by these insects is characterized and the networks excavated by minor workers are compared to those excavated by major workers and mixed groups containing the two types of workers. In the chapter 2, the morphometric data on the other apterous individuals are presented, i. e., larvae and soldiers, and it is shown the cellulase gene expression, which were quantified for both workers (minors and majors) and soldiers. Additionally, in the chapter 2, the post-embryonic developmental system of the apterous line in V. heteropterus is presented. In the chapter 3, it is exhibit data on foraging trail dynamics of V. heteropterus. The flow of termites leaving the nest and returning from the food, the individual speed and the number of collisions, as well as the spatial distribution of the individuals in the trails, were analyzed for the first three hours from the beginning of the foraging process. The apterous line exhibit a polymorphism intimately related to the sex and instars of the individuals. The polymorphism of the members of this line is related to a differential contribution of the subcastes in tunneling and foraging processes, but does not seem to influence the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Animais - Alimentos, Termites, Celulose, Polimorfismo (Zoologia), Térmita, Morfologia, Fisiologia
Como citar
HAIFIG, Ives. Morfofisiologia das castas e forrageamento do cupim de cerrado Velocitermes heteropterus (Isoptera: Termitidae). 2013. 59 f. Tese - (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2013.