Abordagem de pacientes com úlcera da perna de etiologia venosa
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Data
2006-12-01
Autores
Abbade, Luciana Patrícia Fernandes [UNESP]
Lastória, Sidnei [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia
Resumo
Úlceras venosas são comuns na população adulta, causando significante impacto social e econômico devido a sua natureza recorrente e ao longo tempo decorrido entre sua abertura e cicatrização. Quando não manejadas adequadamente, as úlceras venosas têm altas taxas de falha de cicatrização e recorrência. Apesar da elevada prevalência e da importância da úlcera venosa, ela é freqüentemente negligenciada e abordada de maneira inadequada. Esta revisão discute abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica das úlceras venosas. O diagnóstico clínico baseia-se em história e exame físico, com ênfase nos sinais e sintomas associados e palpação dos pulsos dos membros inferiores. A ultra-sonografia Doppler deve ser utilizada para determinar o índice pressórico entre o tornozelo e o braço, e exames não invasivos, como o duplex scan, devem ser realizados para avaliar o sistema venoso superficial, profundo e perfurante. Para abordagem terapêutica são fundamentais os diagnósticos clínico e laboratorial corretos, além do diagnóstico e tratamento adequados das complicações das úlceras crônicas. Os esforços devem ser direcionados para a cicatrização da úlcera e, posteriormente, para evitar as recidivas. O grande avanço no conhecimento da fisiopatogenia das úlceras venosas tem permitido o desenvolvimento de novas modalidades de tratamento clínico e cirúrgico.
Venous ulcers are common in adult population. They cause significant socioeconomic impact due to recurrence and the long interval between onset and healing. If venous ulcers are not appropriately managed, they present high rates of healing failure and recurrence. Despite their high prevalence and importance, venous ulcers are often neglected and inadequately managed. This review discusses diagnosis and therapy of lower limb venous ulcers. Clinical diagnosis is based on history and physical examination, emphasizing associated signs and symptoms, and pulse palpation of lower limbs. Doppler must be used to determine the ankle-arm index, and non-invasive exams, such as duplex scan, are requested to evaluate the superficial, deep and perforating venous systems. Accurate clinical and laboratory diagnosis of venous ulcers, as well as appropriate treatment of their complications are fundamental for successful therapy. Efforts must be directed towards healing and avoiding recurrences. Advanced knowledge on the venous ulcer physiopathogenesis has led to development of new clinical and surgical treatments.
Venous ulcers are common in adult population. They cause significant socioeconomic impact due to recurrence and the long interval between onset and healing. If venous ulcers are not appropriately managed, they present high rates of healing failure and recurrence. Despite their high prevalence and importance, venous ulcers are often neglected and inadequately managed. This review discusses diagnosis and therapy of lower limb venous ulcers. Clinical diagnosis is based on history and physical examination, emphasizing associated signs and symptoms, and pulse palpation of lower limbs. Doppler must be used to determine the ankle-arm index, and non-invasive exams, such as duplex scan, are requested to evaluate the superficial, deep and perforating venous systems. Accurate clinical and laboratory diagnosis of venous ulcers, as well as appropriate treatment of their complications are fundamental for successful therapy. Efforts must be directed towards healing and avoiding recurrences. Advanced knowledge on the venous ulcer physiopathogenesis has led to development of new clinical and surgical treatments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Insuficiência venosa, Úlcera da perna, Úlcera varicosa, Leg ulcer, Varicose ulcer, Venous insufficiency
Como citar
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, v. 81, n. 6, p. 509-522, 2006.