Análise de redes sociais e aspectos financeiros da produção de tilápias em tanques-rede na uhe de Ilha Solteira
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Data
2015-12-15
Autores
Ronqui, Roberto Gabriel [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O cenário atual revela a busca por alimentos mais saudáveis, demanda que pode, em grande parte, ser atendida pela produção vinda da piscicultura. O Brasil possui características naturais favoráveis para exploração da piscicultura, porém, ainda necessita de muitos estudos e maior compreensão das peculiaridades do setor, para que se torne mais competitivo. Uma das alternativas para o aumento da produção, de forma sustentável e competitiva, é a criação de peixes pelo sistema de tanques-rede. Esse processo de cultivo consiste na produção do pescado com a utilização de gaiolas flutuantes em rios, lagos e mares. Destaca-se, nesse tipo de cultivo, o potencial para a utilização dos reservatórios de usinas hidrelétricas, que geram grandes áreas alagadas que se tornam propícias para utilização dessa técnica de produção. O reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica (UHE) de Ilha Solteira no Rio Paraná tem realizado um importante papel no cenário da produção de peixes. Ainda assim, nota-se a escassez de estudos relacionando a teoria de redes sociais e aspectos financeiros sobre a atividade de piscicultura, sendo notável, nessa pesquisa, o aprofundamento das análises envolvendo essas temáticas. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa partiu de um estudo de caso, qualitativo e exploratório, apoiado no caráter inovador da junção das abordagens dos relacionamentos em redes e aspectos financeiros da atividade. O objetivo dessa pesquisa consiste em analisar as redes sociais dos piscicultores de tilápias em tanques-rede do reservatório da UHE de Ilha Solteira, seus motivadores de atuação em rede e os impactos nos aspectos financeiros. Embora não estejam nos objetivos do estudo, algumas externalidades positivas se consolidaram, ofertando uma base de dados para melhor planejamento, articulação do setor e maior poder de negociação por parte dos piscicultores. Além disso, a pesquisa poderá servir no embasamento para desenvolver políticas públicas a fim de fortalecer a atividade. Como resultados da pesquisa pôde-se confirmar que a inserção em redes sociais possui influência nos piscicultores em diversos aspectos, mas não foram detectadas influências nos aspectos financeiros da atividade, estando este aspecto mais relacionado com o porte da piscicultura. Constataram-se algumas vulnerabilidades da cadeia de produção de tilápias na região de estudo, como problemas com fornecimento de alevinos/juvenis, o mercado monopolizado de ração e falta de articulação entre os piscicultores.
The current scenario shows the search for healthier foods, what can be largely found by production which comes from aquaculture. Brazil has natural favorable characteristics for exploration fish farming, however, it still requires many studies and a greater understanding of the sector's peculiarities to become more competitive. One of the alternatives to the production increasing, in a sustainable and competitive manner, is by the creation of the fish cages system. This process of cultivation consists of fish creation using floating cages in rivers, lakes and seas. In this type of cultivation, it was pointed the potential for the use of reservoirs of hydroelectric stations, which generate large flooded areas and become this production technique ideal. The reservoir of the hydroelectric power station (HPS) from Ilha Solteira in Paraná River has performed an important role in fish production scenario. Even so, there is a scarcity of studies related to the theory of social networks and financial aspects of fish farming activity. Therefore, in this research, there is a deeper analyzes involving these issues. In this respect, this present research came from a qualitative and exploratory case study, supported by the innovative character, combining the approaches of relationships in networks and financial aspects of the activity. The objective of this research is to analyze the social networks of the fish farm of tilapia in HPS reservoir cages from Ilha Solteira, its network performance motivators and the impact on financial aspects. Despite not being on this study's objectives, some positive externalities were consolidated, offering a database for better planning, sector coordination and greater bargaining power by the fish farmers. In addition, this research may serve as a basis to develop public policies to strengthen the activity. As a result of the research, we could confirm that the insertion in social networks has influence on fish farmers, in various aspects, but influences in the financial aspects of the activity were not detected, being that aspect more related to the size of the fish farming. Some vulnerabilities of tilapia production chain in the studied region were found, such as problems with the supply of fish cub / juveniles, the monopolized market of feed and the lack of coordination between the fish farmers.
The current scenario shows the search for healthier foods, what can be largely found by production which comes from aquaculture. Brazil has natural favorable characteristics for exploration fish farming, however, it still requires many studies and a greater understanding of the sector's peculiarities to become more competitive. One of the alternatives to the production increasing, in a sustainable and competitive manner, is by the creation of the fish cages system. This process of cultivation consists of fish creation using floating cages in rivers, lakes and seas. In this type of cultivation, it was pointed the potential for the use of reservoirs of hydroelectric stations, which generate large flooded areas and become this production technique ideal. The reservoir of the hydroelectric power station (HPS) from Ilha Solteira in Paraná River has performed an important role in fish production scenario. Even so, there is a scarcity of studies related to the theory of social networks and financial aspects of fish farming activity. Therefore, in this research, there is a deeper analyzes involving these issues. In this respect, this present research came from a qualitative and exploratory case study, supported by the innovative character, combining the approaches of relationships in networks and financial aspects of the activity. The objective of this research is to analyze the social networks of the fish farm of tilapia in HPS reservoir cages from Ilha Solteira, its network performance motivators and the impact on financial aspects. Despite not being on this study's objectives, some positive externalities were consolidated, offering a database for better planning, sector coordination and greater bargaining power by the fish farmers. In addition, this research may serve as a basis to develop public policies to strengthen the activity. As a result of the research, we could confirm that the insertion in social networks has influence on fish farmers, in various aspects, but influences in the financial aspects of the activity were not detected, being that aspect more related to the size of the fish farming. Some vulnerabilities of tilapia production chain in the studied region were found, such as problems with the supply of fish cub / juveniles, the monopolized market of feed and the lack of coordination between the fish farmers.
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Palavras-chave
Ilha Solteira, Piscicultura, Redes Sociais, UCINET, Pisciculture, Social networks, Aspectos financeiros, Financial aspects