Fibra da cana-de-açúcar para suínos pesados em restrição alimentar qualitativa
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Data
2016-02-15
Autores
Oliveira, Maryane Sespere Faria de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Foram conduzidos três experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar a composição nutricional e energética da fibra da cana-de-açúcar, os efeitos de sua inclusão em dietas para suínos submetidos a um programa de restrição alimentar qualitativa e abatidos com 130kg, bem como, os efeitos sobre a produção de biogás a partir dos dejetos destes. O primeiro experimento, avaliou a composição e o valor nutricional da fibra da cana-de-açúcar, sendo utilizados 20 suínos com peso inicial de 77,55±1,74kg, foram distribuídos em dois tratamentos (dieta basal e dieta teste, com inclusão de 30% de fibra da cana-de-açúcar) e 10 repetições. No segundo experimento avaliou-se o desempenho dos animais e as características e qualidade da carne. Cinquenta suínos, com peso inicial de 79,33±6,22kg e final de 123,37±11,18kg, foram distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco dietas experimentais (0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% de fibra da cana-de-açúcar) e 10 repetições. O terceiro experimento avaliou a produção de biogás e os seus potenciais de produção, utilizou-se 40 biodigestores tipo batelada, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos (0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% de fibra da cana-de-açúcar) e oito repetições. Os baixos teores de nutrientes e energia digestíveis da fibra da cana-de-açúcar reduziu os coeficientes de digestibilidade das dietas experimentais. Consequentemente, houve piora no desempenho e menor peso final para o abate. Assim, os pesos de carcaça quente, do pernil e da quantidade de carne magra foram reduzidos, à medida que houve aumento nos níveis de fibra da cana-de-açúcar nas dietas. No entanto, melhora nas características de carcaça como diminuição da espessura de toucinho e aumento da relação carne/gordura foram observadas, sem alterar os parâmetros de qualidade da carne. Os teores de minerais nas fezes, foram reduzidos, mas as excreções de resíduos aumentaram, à medida que houve aumento nos níveis de fibra da cana-de-açúcar nas dietas. A produção de biogás e metano, bem como, seus potenciais de produção não sofreram influência das dietas experimentais. Portanto, a utilização da fibra da cana-de-açúcar em programas de restrição alimentar qualitativa para suínos abatidos pesados melhora a qualidade das carcaças dos animais e reduz os teores de minerais nas fezes, mas a diminuição no desempenho aumenta os dias necessários para os animais atingirem o peso desejável (130 kg) para o abate.
Three trials were realized to evaluate the nutritional composition and energy value of sugarcane fiber, the effects of their inclusion in diets for finishing swine for late slaughter, in a qualitative feed restriction program, and the effects on the production of biogas from the waste of these. The first trial, was conducted to evaluate the composition and nutritional value of the sugarcane fiber, being used 20 pigs with initial weight of 77.55±1.74kg were distributed into two experimental diets (basal diet and test diet with inclusion of 30% sugarcane fiber) and 10 replicates. In the second experiment evaluated the animal performance, carcass traits and meat quality. Fifty barrows with initial body weight of 79.33±6.22kg and final body weight of 123.37±11.18kg were allocated in a randomized block design with five experimental diets (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of sugarcane fiber) and 10 replicates. The third experiment evaluated the production of biogas and its production potencial, 40 biodigesters type batch were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of sugarcane fiber) and eight replications. The low levels of nutrients and digestible energy of the sugarcane fiber reduced the digestibility coefficients of experimental diets, they got worse performance and consequently lower final weight for slaughter. Thus the carcass weight, the ham weight and the amount of lean meat were reduced, as there was an increase in fiber levels of sugarcane in the diets. However, improvement in carcass traits such as decreased backfat thickness and increase of the ratio meat / fat were observed without changing the meat quality parameters. The mineral contents in the feces were reduced, but the waste excretions increased as there was an increase in fiber levels of sugarcane in the diets. The production of biogas and methane, as well as their production not influenced by the diets. Therefore, the use of sugarcane fiber in qualitative feeding programs for heavy swine improves the quality of animal carcasses and reduces the mineral content in the feces, but the worse performance increases the days required to reach the weight desirable (130 kg) for slaughter.
Three trials were realized to evaluate the nutritional composition and energy value of sugarcane fiber, the effects of their inclusion in diets for finishing swine for late slaughter, in a qualitative feed restriction program, and the effects on the production of biogas from the waste of these. The first trial, was conducted to evaluate the composition and nutritional value of the sugarcane fiber, being used 20 pigs with initial weight of 77.55±1.74kg were distributed into two experimental diets (basal diet and test diet with inclusion of 30% sugarcane fiber) and 10 replicates. In the second experiment evaluated the animal performance, carcass traits and meat quality. Fifty barrows with initial body weight of 79.33±6.22kg and final body weight of 123.37±11.18kg were allocated in a randomized block design with five experimental diets (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of sugarcane fiber) and 10 replicates. The third experiment evaluated the production of biogas and its production potencial, 40 biodigesters type batch were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of sugarcane fiber) and eight replications. The low levels of nutrients and digestible energy of the sugarcane fiber reduced the digestibility coefficients of experimental diets, they got worse performance and consequently lower final weight for slaughter. Thus the carcass weight, the ham weight and the amount of lean meat were reduced, as there was an increase in fiber levels of sugarcane in the diets. However, improvement in carcass traits such as decreased backfat thickness and increase of the ratio meat / fat were observed without changing the meat quality parameters. The mineral contents in the feces were reduced, but the waste excretions increased as there was an increase in fiber levels of sugarcane in the diets. The production of biogas and methane, as well as their production not influenced by the diets. Therefore, the use of sugarcane fiber in qualitative feeding programs for heavy swine improves the quality of animal carcasses and reduces the mineral content in the feces, but the worse performance increases the days required to reach the weight desirable (130 kg) for slaughter.
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Palavras-chave
Carcaça, Fibra dietética, Nutrição, Suínos, Carcass, Dietary fiber, Nutrition, Swine