Qualidade da cachaça em função do tratamento do caldo e tipo de fermento
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Data
2016-03-08
Autores
Ribeiro, Mara Lucia Dias [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cachaça é a aguardente produzida a partir da destilação do fermentado de caldo de cana. Diversos fatores afetam negativamente a qualidade deste destilado, dentre esses o processo produtivo, e a levedura utilizada na fermentação. Avaliou- se o desempenho de dois tipos de fermento (selecionado e natural) e o prévio tratamento físico-químico do caldo de cana e sua influência na qualidade do destilado final. O experimento foi realizado na safra 2014/2015, utilizando-se a variedade de cana-de-açúcar SP83-2847, obtida da Fazenda Santa Clara, localizada à 21º14’05’’S e 48º17’09’’W. O delineamento experimental foi realizado em blocos casualizados com 9 repetições, sendo 3 ciclos com 3 repetições cada. O tratamento primário principal, foi constituído por 2 mostos (clarificado e não clarificado); e o secundário os dois tipos de leveduras (Natural e CA-11). Avaliou-se a qualidade da cana e no mosto determinou-se: Brix, Compostos Fenólicos Totais (CFT), Açúcares Redutores Totais (ART) e Acidez Total. Ao longo do processo fermentativo avaliou-se a Viabilidade das Células e Brotos e o Índice de Brotamentos. No vinho determinou-se o Brix, Açúcares Redutores Residuais Totais (ARRT), pH, Acidez Total, Teor Alcoólico, Glicerol e Eficiência Fermentativa. A composição das cachaças (Acroleína, Acidez volátil, Acetaldeído, Carbamato de etila, Ésteres, Metanol, Alcoóis superiores (propílico, isobutílico, isoamílico)) foi determinada por cromatografia. Analisou-se ainda Condutividade Elétrica, Turbidez e pH. A utilização da levedura selecionada CA-11 e o prévio tratamento do caldo possibilitou a obtenção de destilados de melhor qualidade e com composição química dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira.
Cachaça is the spirit produced from the distillation of fermented sugarcane juice. Several factors affect negatively the productive chain, among them the juice treatment and the yeast used into the fermentative process. We evaluated the performance of two different yeast (selected and natural) as well the previous physical-chemical treatment of sugarcane juice and ita influence in the final spirit. The periment was carried out through 2014-2015 season, using the SP83-2847 sugar cane variety which was obtained at Santa Clara Farm, located at 21º14’05’’S e 48º17’09’’W . The experimental statistic design used was the randomized blocks with three cycles and three replications each. The main primary factor had two types of musts (clarified and non-clarified) and the secondary two types of yeast (Natural and CA-11). We evaluated the sugarcane and must and we determined: Brix, Total Phenolic Compounds (CFT), Total Reducing Sugars (ART) and Total Acidity. Along the fermentative process we evaluated the Cells and Sprouts Viability and the Sprouting Index. At the wine we determined the Brix, Total Reducing Residual Sugars (ARRT). pH, Total Acidity, Alcohol By Volume, Glycerol, and Fermentative Efficiency. The cachaça composition (Acrolein, Volatile Acidity, Acetaldehyde, Ethyl Carbamate, Total Esters, Methanol, Superior Alcohols (propilic, isobutilic, isoamilic)) was determined through gas chromatography. Yet, we determined the Electric conductivity, Turbidity and pH. Using the selected yeast CA-11, together to the previous treatment of the juice, we could obtain spirits with higher quality and with a chemical composition fitting the Brazilian Legislation parameters.
Cachaça is the spirit produced from the distillation of fermented sugarcane juice. Several factors affect negatively the productive chain, among them the juice treatment and the yeast used into the fermentative process. We evaluated the performance of two different yeast (selected and natural) as well the previous physical-chemical treatment of sugarcane juice and ita influence in the final spirit. The periment was carried out through 2014-2015 season, using the SP83-2847 sugar cane variety which was obtained at Santa Clara Farm, located at 21º14’05’’S e 48º17’09’’W . The experimental statistic design used was the randomized blocks with three cycles and three replications each. The main primary factor had two types of musts (clarified and non-clarified) and the secondary two types of yeast (Natural and CA-11). We evaluated the sugarcane and must and we determined: Brix, Total Phenolic Compounds (CFT), Total Reducing Sugars (ART) and Total Acidity. Along the fermentative process we evaluated the Cells and Sprouts Viability and the Sprouting Index. At the wine we determined the Brix, Total Reducing Residual Sugars (ARRT). pH, Total Acidity, Alcohol By Volume, Glycerol, and Fermentative Efficiency. The cachaça composition (Acrolein, Volatile Acidity, Acetaldehyde, Ethyl Carbamate, Total Esters, Methanol, Superior Alcohols (propilic, isobutilic, isoamilic)) was determined through gas chromatography. Yet, we determined the Electric conductivity, Turbidity and pH. Using the selected yeast CA-11, together to the previous treatment of the juice, we could obtain spirits with higher quality and with a chemical composition fitting the Brazilian Legislation parameters.
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Palavras-chave
Aguardente, Cana-de-açúcar, Fermento natural, CA-11, Tratamento físico-químico, Sugarcane, Natural yeast CA-11, Physical-chemical treatment