Responsabilidade social empresarial: estímulos legais e desafios nas relações com o Estado e o terceiro setor
Carregando...
Data
2016-08-24
Autores
Nora, Luiz Fernando Zen [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo visa, a partir de um prisma multidisciplinar, compreender o fenômeno da responsabilidade social empresarial através das parcerias entre Estado, Empresas e entidades de Terceiro Setor especialmente a partir da década de 80, quando tem início o “neoliberalismo” e o Estado reduz as ações intervencionistas para a solução de problemas sociais e passa a ser mais regulador, estimulando empresas e entidades do Terceiro Setor a atuarem para o social. Este trabalho parte do pressuposto de que a empresa tem um papel social relevante na sociedade, sendo que deve perseguir simultaneamente o lucro, que garante sua sustentabilidade no mercado, e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável da comunidade na qual está inserida. Partindo dos múltiplos interesses públicos e privados envolvidos, ora comuns, ora antagônicos, buscou-se investigar a motivação e a legislação estatal de estímulo e fomento ao desenvolvimento da responsabilidade social empresarial, como instrumento para a aplicação do princípio da função social da empresa, visando o crescimento socioeconômico no sentido emancipatório da sociedade, com respeito ao meio ambiente e à diversidade. Ademais, foram analisados alguns aspectos e a legislação que regulamenta as organizações da sociedade civil, uma vez que elas têm exercido um papel fundamental, quer seja cobrando a atuação do Estado e da empresa, quer seja atuando em colaboração com eles. Foi utilizado o método analítico dedutivo na compreensão da construção do fenômeno jurídico. Isso se deu pela revisão bibliográfica das obras relacionadas, por uma reunião da legislação esparsa que envolve a matéria, do direito comparado, bem como do estudo de caso. Verificou-se que o Estado precisa repensar sua maneira de agir para promover o desenvolvimento social e econômico. Nesse sentido, ele precisará aumentar as parcerias com sujeitos privados diversos, sejam empresas ou entidades de terceiro setor. Para ganhar eficiência e legitimidade, a relação público-privada deverá tomar uma nova feição, na qual o público utiliza instrumentos privados de gestão e o privado assume cada vez mais um papel responsável em relação à comunidade, ao interesse comum. Cumprirá ao Estado repensar seu papel de “executor” para “fomentador” das ações, ao mesmo tempo em que precisará garantir o bom funcionamento das diversas formas de parcerias, por meio da governança. Também deverá desempenhar com eficiência o papel fiscalizador, de forma a prevenir que seus contratos sejam cumpridos conforme o acordado, ou em caso de dificuldades na sua execução, que os problemas sejam descobertos com antecedência e seja possível a revisão contratual e correção dos rumos. Neste processo colaborativo, as empresas deverão institucionalizar uma postura de gestão mais inclusiva, estabelecendo novos processos de governança que envolvam a participação de seus empregados, fornecedores, comunidade, consumidores, governo e com as organizações da sociedade civil. Nesse sentido, superando a própria legislação estatal, o caminho mais virtuoso é que as empresas assumam sua responsabilidade social, autorregulando-se para evitar condutas que possam causar danos, bem como permitindo que seus administradores possam atuar proativamente no sentido de a empresa contribuir no desenvolvimento socioeconômico das comunidades.
The study aims, from a multidisciplinary perspective, to understand the phenomenon of corporate social responsibility through partnerships between State, Enterprises and Third Sector entities especially from the 80's, when the "neo-liberalism" starts and the State reduces interventionist actions to solve social problems and becomes more regulatory, stimulating businesses and third sector organizations to act for social welfare. This paper assumes that the company has an important social role in society and must simultaneously pursue profit, which ensures its sustainability in the market, and promote the sustainable development of the community in which it operates. As there are multiple public and private interests involved, sometimes common, sometimes antagonistic, this research sought to investigate the motivation and state legislation to stimulate and promote the corporate social responsibility development as a tool for applying the principle of social function in corporations, aiming socio-economic growth in a emancipatory way for society, with respect for the environment and diversity. As they have played a key role, in addition, it was analyzed some aspects and the legislation governing the civil society organizations: whether demanding the State’s performance and companies as well, or even acting in collaboration with them. This work used the deductive analytical method for understanding the construction of the legal phenomenon, thru the literature review of related works, for a meeting of the sparse legislation involving the matter, comparative law, as well as the case studied. It was found that the State needs to rethink its actions to promote social and economic development. It will need to increase partnerships with several private entities (companies or third sector entities). To gain efficiency and legitimacy, the public-private relationship should take a new feature in which the public uses private management instruments and private is increasingly taking a responsible role towards the community, for the common interest. Therefore, States should consider changing their role from “implementers” to “supporters”, ensuring the proper functioning of the various forms of partnerships with private organizations, through governance system. It should also perform effectively the oversight role, in order to prevent that its contracts are met as agreed, or in the event of difficulties during the implementation, the problems can be discovered in advance. In this way, it will be able to review the contract and correct its course. In this collaborative process, companies should institutionalize an inclusive management approach, establishing new governance processes involving the participation of their employees, suppliers, community, consumers, government and the civil society organizations. In this sense, the most virtuous way is for companies to go beyond the State legislation and assume their social responsibility, with self-regulations, to avoid conducts that could cause damage, as well as allowing their administrators to be able to act proactively for the socioeconomic development of the communities.
The study aims, from a multidisciplinary perspective, to understand the phenomenon of corporate social responsibility through partnerships between State, Enterprises and Third Sector entities especially from the 80's, when the "neo-liberalism" starts and the State reduces interventionist actions to solve social problems and becomes more regulatory, stimulating businesses and third sector organizations to act for social welfare. This paper assumes that the company has an important social role in society and must simultaneously pursue profit, which ensures its sustainability in the market, and promote the sustainable development of the community in which it operates. As there are multiple public and private interests involved, sometimes common, sometimes antagonistic, this research sought to investigate the motivation and state legislation to stimulate and promote the corporate social responsibility development as a tool for applying the principle of social function in corporations, aiming socio-economic growth in a emancipatory way for society, with respect for the environment and diversity. As they have played a key role, in addition, it was analyzed some aspects and the legislation governing the civil society organizations: whether demanding the State’s performance and companies as well, or even acting in collaboration with them. This work used the deductive analytical method for understanding the construction of the legal phenomenon, thru the literature review of related works, for a meeting of the sparse legislation involving the matter, comparative law, as well as the case studied. It was found that the State needs to rethink its actions to promote social and economic development. It will need to increase partnerships with several private entities (companies or third sector entities). To gain efficiency and legitimacy, the public-private relationship should take a new feature in which the public uses private management instruments and private is increasingly taking a responsible role towards the community, for the common interest. Therefore, States should consider changing their role from “implementers” to “supporters”, ensuring the proper functioning of the various forms of partnerships with private organizations, through governance system. It should also perform effectively the oversight role, in order to prevent that its contracts are met as agreed, or in the event of difficulties during the implementation, the problems can be discovered in advance. In this way, it will be able to review the contract and correct its course. In this collaborative process, companies should institutionalize an inclusive management approach, establishing new governance processes involving the participation of their employees, suppliers, community, consumers, government and the civil society organizations. In this sense, the most virtuous way is for companies to go beyond the State legislation and assume their social responsibility, with self-regulations, to avoid conducts that could cause damage, as well as allowing their administrators to be able to act proactively for the socioeconomic development of the communities.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Responsabilidade social empresarial, Organizações não-governamentais, Governança, Corporate social responsibility