Pedagogia e prevenção de acidentes infantis: conhecimentos e opiniões de discentes e docentes e ação educativa com universitários
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-12-12
Autores
Vilas Bôas, Bruna [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os acidentes infantis constituem problema de saúde pública mundial pela elevada morbimortalidade, mas podem ser prevenidos por meio da educação. Entretanto, a formação de professores sobre o tema ainda é incipiente. Foram realizados dois Estudos. No Estudo 1 o objetivo foi caracterizar conhecimentos e opiniões de discentes e docentes de cursos de Pedagogia em relação à temática dos acidentes infantis a partir de relatos, bem como conhecimentos da mesma natureza formalizados na estrutura curricular dos cursos. Ocorreu em duas Universidades Públicas: uma da grande São Paulo e outra do interior paulista. Participaram três professores, média de 41(±8,1) anos, 2 do sexo feminino, e 96 graduandos dos anos finais do curso, média de 25,7(±6,8) anos, 83% do sexo feminino, sendo turmas A e B da grande São Paulo e turmas C e D do interior paulista. Foram utilizados questionários para docentes e discentes, aplicados em sala de aula. A estrutura curricular dos cursos foi obtida online e foi feita análise comparativa. Os resultados indicaram que apenas 14,3% dos graduandos percebiam a previsibilidade dos acidentes e 20% receberam orientações sobre a temática durante a graduação. As turmas apresentaram interesse em aprender sobre a temática, destacando-se as turmas A e C. Os professores afirmaram não ter abordado o tema na disciplina que atuavam ou em outras disciplinas que lecionaram no curso de Pedagogia. A docente das turmas C e D indicou interesse por uma intervenção com os alunos. A estrutura curricular indicou a ausência de disciplinas que abordassem temas de educação em saúde. Concluiu-se que os graduandos possuíam pouco conhecimento sobre o tema, mas demonstraram interesse pela temática. O tema poderia ser abordado de forma transversal na estrutura curricular do curso. No Estudo 2 os objetivos foram elaborar, aplicar e avaliar ação educativa com discentes de Pedagogia em uma Universidade Pública do interior paulista. Participaram 25 graduandos da turma C. Foi elaborada apostila de estudo sobre conceitos; tipos de acidentes mais frequentes; primeiros socorros; legislações que preconizam a importância de trabalhar o tema no contexto escolar e sugestões de atividades práticas para a educação infantil e o ensino fundamental. A aplicação foi por meio de slides, vídeos e atividades práticas, em quatro encontros de aproximadamente 90 minutos, na sala de aula. Os resultados indicaram que novos conhecimentos foram adquiridos pelos participantes a cada encontro, tendo destaque as legislações sobre o tema, pois inicialmente nenhum aluno tinha o conhecimento e todos aprenderam. Os alunos realizaram planos de ensino para atuação com o tema em sala de aula. Conclui-se que a intervenção favoreceu a aprendizagem de conceitos sobre o tema e ofereceu subsídios para proposição de atividades para trabalhar futuramente com a temática. Professores e discentes avaliaram de forma satisfatória a intervenção. Considerando os dois estudos e visando à formação de professores, sugeriu-se a inclusão do tema na estrutura curricular de cursos de pedagogia, especificamente em disciplinas e/ou estágios que contemplem as questões de educação em saúde e envolvam os graduandos em atividades teóricas e práticas sobre a temática.
Childhood accidents´ are a problem of public health worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality, but can be prevented through education. However, teachers training´s about it still been incipient. The present study consists of two studies. In Study 1 the objective was to characterize the knowledge and opinions of students and teachers of pedagogy courses about childhood accidents based on reports. In Study 2 the objectives were to elaborate, apply and evaluate educational action with students of pedagogy. Study 1 was carried out in two Public Universities: one located in the city of São Paulo and the other in a city in the countryside of São Paulo. Three teachers and 96 undergraduates participated, of which 83% were women, aged between 20 and 51 years old. The participants were divided into classes A and B (those located in the city of São Paulo) and classes C and D (located at the University of the countryside of São Paulo) and answered a questionnaire, applied in the classroom. Study 2 was carried out at the Public University of the countryside. Twenty-five students were enrolled in class C. It was made an educational activity held in four meetings previously scheduled with the teacher. A study book was elaborated focused on: the concepts and the most frequent types of accidents; first aid; legislations about the importance of to work with theme in the school context, suggestions of practical activities aimed at the kindergarten and elementary school. The subjects were approached through slides, videos and practical activities. The results of Study 1 indicated that only 14.3% of the students perceived predictability of accidents, although more than 50% of students in each class had already heard about the subject outside of their curricular activities. Less than 20% of participants indicated that they received informations on the subject during graduation. Classes A and C showed more interest in learning about the subject, although positive percentages prevailed in all classes. The teachers affirmed that they did not approach the subject in the discipline they worked in or in other disciplines that they taught in the course of Pedagogy and the teacher of the classes C and D indicated the interest for an intervention with the students. The results of Study 2, carried out with the teacher and the students of class C, demonstrated that new knowledge was acquired by the participants at each meeting, highlighting the legislation on the subject, since initially no students had the knowledge and all of them later learned. It was concluded that the undergraduate students had little knowledge about the subject, but showed an interest in it. It was noticed that the intervention contributed the learning of concepts on the childhood accidents and offered suggestions of activities to work in the future about it in basic education. Teachers and students evaluated in a satisfactory way the inclusion and approach of the subject in the course of Pedagogy. It is suggested that future studies evaluate this inclusion in the curriculum of the course, specifically in a discipline that addresses the issues of health education.
Childhood accidents´ are a problem of public health worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality, but can be prevented through education. However, teachers training´s about it still been incipient. The present study consists of two studies. In Study 1 the objective was to characterize the knowledge and opinions of students and teachers of pedagogy courses about childhood accidents based on reports. In Study 2 the objectives were to elaborate, apply and evaluate educational action with students of pedagogy. Study 1 was carried out in two Public Universities: one located in the city of São Paulo and the other in a city in the countryside of São Paulo. Three teachers and 96 undergraduates participated, of which 83% were women, aged between 20 and 51 years old. The participants were divided into classes A and B (those located in the city of São Paulo) and classes C and D (located at the University of the countryside of São Paulo) and answered a questionnaire, applied in the classroom. Study 2 was carried out at the Public University of the countryside. Twenty-five students were enrolled in class C. It was made an educational activity held in four meetings previously scheduled with the teacher. A study book was elaborated focused on: the concepts and the most frequent types of accidents; first aid; legislations about the importance of to work with theme in the school context, suggestions of practical activities aimed at the kindergarten and elementary school. The subjects were approached through slides, videos and practical activities. The results of Study 1 indicated that only 14.3% of the students perceived predictability of accidents, although more than 50% of students in each class had already heard about the subject outside of their curricular activities. Less than 20% of participants indicated that they received informations on the subject during graduation. Classes A and C showed more interest in learning about the subject, although positive percentages prevailed in all classes. The teachers affirmed that they did not approach the subject in the discipline they worked in or in other disciplines that they taught in the course of Pedagogy and the teacher of the classes C and D indicated the interest for an intervention with the students. The results of Study 2, carried out with the teacher and the students of class C, demonstrated that new knowledge was acquired by the participants at each meeting, highlighting the legislation on the subject, since initially no students had the knowledge and all of them later learned. It was concluded that the undergraduate students had little knowledge about the subject, but showed an interest in it. It was noticed that the intervention contributed the learning of concepts on the childhood accidents and offered suggestions of activities to work in the future about it in basic education. Teachers and students evaluated in a satisfactory way the inclusion and approach of the subject in the course of Pedagogy. It is suggested that future studies evaluate this inclusion in the curriculum of the course, specifically in a discipline that addresses the issues of health education.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Prevenção, Acidentes infantis, Pedagogia, Formação de professores