Viabilidade econômica de produtos à base de tilápia para alimentação escolar nos municípios de Toledo-PR e Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR
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Data
2016-03-29
Autores
Leonel, Ana Paula da Silva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se a realização de análise da viabilidade econômica da inserção de almôndega, quibe, bolo de chocolate e bolo de cenoura à base de tilápia na alimentação escolar. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios de Toledo-PR e Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR. Cidades que são destaque nacional na produção de tilápias, e apresentam estudos acerca do tema. Para isto o estudo foi dividido em três etapas. A primeira, consistiu no estudo do perfil socioeconômico de 12 pisciculturas. Para esta caracterização, foram realizados levantamentos de dados necessários na determinação dos custos de produção, rentabilidade e identificação das principais características dos empreendimentos rurais. No segundo momento, foram realizados os custos dos ingredientes dos quatro produtos à base de tilápia, onde foram levantados os valores pagos pelos ingredientes de cada receita pelas prefeituras municipais. A viabilidade da inserção dos produtos à base de pescado nas escolas foi a última etapa, onde os valores determinados no item anterior foram utilizados para o cálculo dos cardápios com e sem inserção do pescado. Como resultados observou-se que as propriedades apresentam em sua maioria mão-de-obra familiar, a lâmina d´água média é de 20.800m², de 1 a 18 tanques escavados e, para 41,6%. A piscicultura é sua atividade econômica principal, sendo o principal canal de comercialização, os frigoríficos da região. Constatou-se grande variação na produtividade de tilápias nos municípios de Toledo-PR e Marechal Cândido Rondon, esta variou de 5.714 kg/ha a 97.540 kg/ha. O Custo Operacional Total (COT) médio foi de R$2,69 e o preço médio de venda de R$3,13. As pisciculturas mais eficientes foram T6 o município de Toledo e M3 em Marechal Cândido Rondon. A Carne Mecanicamente Separada (CMS) mostrou-se mais vantajosa economicamente para a preparação dos quatro produtos à base de tilápia, devido ao menor valor de aquisição quando comparado ao do filé. O produto com menor custo de ingredientes por quilograma produzido, foi o bolo de cenoura de CMS, com valores de R$3,21 para Toledo e R$ 3,55 para Marechal Cândido Rondon. É viável economicamente a inserção de produtos à base de tilápia na alimentação escolar, nos municípios estudados. Os produtos almôndega e quibe de CMS, no município de Toledo reduziram os custos em comparação aos cardápios tradicionais. E no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon o mesmo aconteceu com o bolo de chocolate e bolo de cenoura de CMS e filé.
The objective of this study is to perform analysis of the economic viability of meatball insertion, kebab, chocolate cake and carrot cake for tilapia based school feeding. The study was conducted in the cities of Toledo-PR and Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR which are of national prominence in the production of tilapia and present studies on the subject. This study was divided into three stages. The first phase consisted in the study of the socioeconomic profile of 12 fish farms. For this characterization they were conducted data surveys to determine the production costs and profitability and identify the main characteristics of rural enterprises. In the second stage were carried out the cost of the ingredients of the four products based on tilapia meat, where the amounts paid for the ingredients of each recipe by municipalities were raised. The feasibility of insertion of the school feeding products based on fish is evaluated in the last stage, where the values determined in the previous section were used for the calculation of the diets with and without inclusion of fish. As a result it was found that the properties have mostly family labor and the average water depth were 20.800m², with 1 to 18 excavated tanks. For 41.6% of the fish farming the main marketing channel are slaughterhouses in the region. It was found a wide variation in tilapia productivity in the counties of Toledo-PR and M.C.Rondon-PR, ranged from 5,714 kg/ha to 97,540 kg/ha. The average COT was R$ 2.69 and the average selling price was R$ 3.13. The most efficient fish farms were the T6 in the county of Toledo-PR and the M3 in M.C.Rondon-PR. Mechanically separated meat (CMS) was more economically advantageous for the preparation of the four tilapia based products due to lower purchase price, compared to the tilapia fillet. The product with lower cost of ingredients per kilogram produced was the CMS based carrot cake, with R$ 3.21 values for Toledo-PR and R$ 3.55 for M.C.Rondon-PR. The inclusion of tilapia based products in school meals is economically viable in the studied counties. The meatball and kebab products based on CMS, in the county of Toledo-PR, reduced costs compared to traditional menus. In the county of M.C.Rondon-PR, so did the chocolate cake and carrot cake CMS based and the fillet.
The objective of this study is to perform analysis of the economic viability of meatball insertion, kebab, chocolate cake and carrot cake for tilapia based school feeding. The study was conducted in the cities of Toledo-PR and Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR which are of national prominence in the production of tilapia and present studies on the subject. This study was divided into three stages. The first phase consisted in the study of the socioeconomic profile of 12 fish farms. For this characterization they were conducted data surveys to determine the production costs and profitability and identify the main characteristics of rural enterprises. In the second stage were carried out the cost of the ingredients of the four products based on tilapia meat, where the amounts paid for the ingredients of each recipe by municipalities were raised. The feasibility of insertion of the school feeding products based on fish is evaluated in the last stage, where the values determined in the previous section were used for the calculation of the diets with and without inclusion of fish. As a result it was found that the properties have mostly family labor and the average water depth were 20.800m², with 1 to 18 excavated tanks. For 41.6% of the fish farming the main marketing channel are slaughterhouses in the region. It was found a wide variation in tilapia productivity in the counties of Toledo-PR and M.C.Rondon-PR, ranged from 5,714 kg/ha to 97,540 kg/ha. The average COT was R$ 2.69 and the average selling price was R$ 3.13. The most efficient fish farms were the T6 in the county of Toledo-PR and the M3 in M.C.Rondon-PR. Mechanically separated meat (CMS) was more economically advantageous for the preparation of the four tilapia based products due to lower purchase price, compared to the tilapia fillet. The product with lower cost of ingredients per kilogram produced was the CMS based carrot cake, with R$ 3.21 values for Toledo-PR and R$ 3.55 for M.C.Rondon-PR. The inclusion of tilapia based products in school meals is economically viable in the studied counties. The meatball and kebab products based on CMS, in the county of Toledo-PR, reduced costs compared to traditional menus. In the county of M.C.Rondon-PR, so did the chocolate cake and carrot cake CMS based and the fillet.
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Palavras-chave
Alimentação escolar, Pescado, Cadeia produtiva, Segurança alimentar, School feeding, Fish, Productive chain, Food security