Jejum pré-abate de bovinos confinados e as condições higiênico-sanitárias do abate
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Data
2017-01-13
Autores
Sampaio, Guilherme Sicca Lopes [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um total de 180 bovinos Bos indicus (Nelore), terminados em confinamento, foi dividido em grupos com 6, 12 ou 24 horas de jejum pré-abate para verificar se a redução deste tempo resulta em melhor condição higiênica e sanitária durante o processo de abate. Amostras de fezes pré e pós-jejum, de pele e de carcaça foram colhidas e analisadas para ocorrências e contagens de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, Escherichia coli genérica, coliformes totais, assim como, E. coli produtora de toxinas Shiga (STEC) e enteropatogênica (EPEC). As amostras de fezes também foram analisadas quanto ao pH e os teores percentuais de matéria seca (MS%) e de fibras em detergente neutro (FDN%) e ácido (FDA%). Os dados foram analisados com modelos logísticos, análises de variância e regressões, ao nível de 5% de significância. A extensão do tempo de jejum pré-abate reduziu a MS%, mas elevou o pH, FDN% e FDA% das fezes. O gradual aumento do jejum pré-abate resultou em maior excreção fecal de STEC (stx1 e stx2), entretanto, com decréscimo de aeróbios mesófilos, mas sem interferência na E. coli genérica. A extensão do tempo de jejum pré-abate também resultou na maior contaminação da pele por STEC (stx1) e EPEC, assim como, das carcaças por aeróbios mesófilos, E. coli genérica e coliformes totais. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a condição higiênica e sanitária durante o processo de abate de bovinos pode ser melhorada com a redução do tempo de jejum pré-abate. Para as indústrias da carne isto pode representar a redução de custos operacionais e com a infraestrutura dos currais de abate, menos condenações e falhas no controle de produção, maior rendimento produtivo e incremento na validade comercial. A redução de STEC, além de ser um fomento à saúde publica, constitui-se em um estimulo à economia brasileira pela redução de barreiras comerciais e menor devolução de mercadorias.
A total of 180 Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle finished in feedlot were divided into groups of 6, 12 or 24 hours of pre-harvest fasting to verify if time reduction results in better hygiene and sanitary conditions during the slaughter process. Pre-fasting and post-fasting samples of feces, and post-fasting samples of hide, and carcass were collected and analyzed for the occurrence and counting of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, generic Escherichia coli, total coliforms, as well as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The feces samples were also analyzed for pH and content percentage of dry matter (DM%), neuter detergent fiber (NDF%) and acid detergent fiber (ADF%). Data were analyzed with logistic models, analyses of variance and regressions at 5% significance. The extension of pre-harvest fasting time reduced DM% but increased pH, NDF% and ADF% of feces. The gradual increase of pre-harvest fasting time resulted in greater fecal excretion of STEC (stx1 and stx2) with reduction of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, but without interference in generic E. coli. The extension of this time also resulted in greater contamination of hide by STEC (stx1) and EPEC as well as of carcass by mesophilic aerobic bacteria, generic E. coli and total coliforms. Thus, it was concluded that the hygiene and sanitary condition during the slaughter process of bovines can be improved with the reduction of pre-harvest fasting time. For the meat industry, can represent a reduction of costs with operations and facilities of lairage pens, less with condemnations and failures in the production control besides a greater productive yield and increment in the commercial validity. STEC reduction, besides being a development in public health, becomes a stimulus to the Brazilian economy by decreasing commercial barriers and return of goods.
A total of 180 Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle finished in feedlot were divided into groups of 6, 12 or 24 hours of pre-harvest fasting to verify if time reduction results in better hygiene and sanitary conditions during the slaughter process. Pre-fasting and post-fasting samples of feces, and post-fasting samples of hide, and carcass were collected and analyzed for the occurrence and counting of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, generic Escherichia coli, total coliforms, as well as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The feces samples were also analyzed for pH and content percentage of dry matter (DM%), neuter detergent fiber (NDF%) and acid detergent fiber (ADF%). Data were analyzed with logistic models, analyses of variance and regressions at 5% significance. The extension of pre-harvest fasting time reduced DM% but increased pH, NDF% and ADF% of feces. The gradual increase of pre-harvest fasting time resulted in greater fecal excretion of STEC (stx1 and stx2) with reduction of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, but without interference in generic E. coli. The extension of this time also resulted in greater contamination of hide by STEC (stx1) and EPEC as well as of carcass by mesophilic aerobic bacteria, generic E. coli and total coliforms. Thus, it was concluded that the hygiene and sanitary condition during the slaughter process of bovines can be improved with the reduction of pre-harvest fasting time. For the meat industry, can represent a reduction of costs with operations and facilities of lairage pens, less with condemnations and failures in the production control besides a greater productive yield and increment in the commercial validity. STEC reduction, besides being a development in public health, becomes a stimulus to the Brazilian economy by decreasing commercial barriers and return of goods.
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Palavras-chave
Curral de abate, STEC, Contaminação, Fezes, Pele, Carcaça, Lairage, Contamination, Feces, Hide, Beef carcass