Crescimento e consumo de água por manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) sob diferentes regimes hídricos
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2017-02-22
Autores
Martins, Izabela Paiva [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) é uma planta aromática, utilizada pra fins medicinais e condimentares, sendo uma importante fonte de renda para pequenos agricultores. Devido à escassez de informações sobre o comportamento agronômico da cultura, objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar o crescimento e consumo de água pela cultura do manjericão sob diferentes regimes hídricos. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, sob estufa agrícola, submetidos à reposição total (100%ETm) e parciaria (75 e 50%ETm) da evapotranspiração máxima diária da cultura (ETm), medida por meio de lisímetros de pesagem. Os lisímetros foram previamente calibrados, apresentando linearidade e alta correlação da massa em resposta à voltagem. Foram avaliadas semanalmente, até os 49 dias após transplantio, variáveis biométricas de crescimento das plantas, o consumo hídrico e o coeficiente de cultivo. A evapotranspiração acumulada da cultura para o ciclo foi de 471, 352 e 236 mm, e as taxas diárias variaram de 4,8 a 9,4; 4 a 8,1 e 3,7 a 7,4 mm dia-1, para as reposições de 100, 75 e 50%ETm, respectivamente. O coeficiente de cultivo variou de 1,5 a 2,8; sendo relacionado com os dias após transplantio, índice de área foliar, razão de cobertura e graus-dia acumulados. Os regimes hídricos aplicados não apresentaram efeitos estatisticamente significativos nas variáveis de crescimento da cultura, e a produtividade da água foi mais eficiente no tratamento com 50%ETm. Conclui-se que a cultura do manjericão, quando cultivada em vaso sob estufa agrícola de superfície em alvenaria, não tem sua produção de biomassa afetada pela reposição hídrica de 50%ETm, porém apresenta valores elevados de ETc e Kc, ocasionados pelos efeitos varal e buque.
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an aromatic plant used for medicinal and seasoning purposes, being an important income source for small farmers. Due to the scarcity of information on the agronomic behavior of the crop, the The objective of this work was to analyze the growth and consumption of water by basil culture under different water regimes. The experiment was conducted in pots, under greenhouse condition, submitted to the total (100% ETm) and partial (75 and 50% ETm) water replacement of the maximum daily evapotranspiration of the crop (ETm), measured by weighing lysimeters. The lysimeters were previously calibrated, presenting linearity and high correlation of the mass in response to the voltage. Biometric variables of plant growth, as well as the plant water consumption and crop coefficient were evaluated weekly, up to 49 days after transplanting. Accumulated crop evapotranspiration for the cycle was 471, 352 and 236 mm, and daily rates ranged from 4.8 to 9.4; 4 to 8,1 and 3,7 to 7,4 mm dia-1 , for of 100, 75 and 50% ETm water replacment, respectively. The crop coefficient ranged from 1.5 to 2.8; being related to the days after transplanting, leaf area index, coverage ratio and cumulative degrees-day. The applied water level replacement did not present statistically significant effects on the crop growth variables, and the water productivity was more efficient in the treatment with 50% ETm. It is concluded that the basil culture, when cultivated in a pot under masonry surface agricultural stove, does not have its biomass production affected by 50% ETm water replacement, but it presents high values of ETc and Kc, caused by the effects of varal and bouquet.
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an aromatic plant used for medicinal and seasoning purposes, being an important income source for small farmers. Due to the scarcity of information on the agronomic behavior of the crop, the The objective of this work was to analyze the growth and consumption of water by basil culture under different water regimes. The experiment was conducted in pots, under greenhouse condition, submitted to the total (100% ETm) and partial (75 and 50% ETm) water replacement of the maximum daily evapotranspiration of the crop (ETm), measured by weighing lysimeters. The lysimeters were previously calibrated, presenting linearity and high correlation of the mass in response to the voltage. Biometric variables of plant growth, as well as the plant water consumption and crop coefficient were evaluated weekly, up to 49 days after transplanting. Accumulated crop evapotranspiration for the cycle was 471, 352 and 236 mm, and daily rates ranged from 4.8 to 9.4; 4 to 8,1 and 3,7 to 7,4 mm dia-1 , for of 100, 75 and 50% ETm water replacment, respectively. The crop coefficient ranged from 1.5 to 2.8; being related to the days after transplanting, leaf area index, coverage ratio and cumulative degrees-day. The applied water level replacement did not present statistically significant effects on the crop growth variables, and the water productivity was more efficient in the treatment with 50% ETm. It is concluded that the basil culture, when cultivated in a pot under masonry surface agricultural stove, does not have its biomass production affected by 50% ETm water replacement, but it presents high values of ETc and Kc, caused by the effects of varal and bouquet.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise de crescimento, Evapotranspiração, Lisímetro, Manjericão