Efeitos do treinamento físico sobre biomarcadores na síndrome metabólica
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Data
2017-03-23
Autores
Miranda, Rodolfo Augusto Travagin [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: Pesquisas no âmbito de saúde recomendam a prática regular de exercício físico para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças crônico-degenerativas, com destaque para Síndrome Metabólica (Smet), um conjunto de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes mellitus tipo II. Objetivos: Investigar, por meio de ensaio clínico, os efeitos de 16 semanas de uma nova abordagem de treinamento aeróbio intervalado (TAI) sobre biomarcadores sanguíneos e qualidade de vida em sujeitos com Smet; bem como, por meio de revisão sistemática e meta-análise, comparar os efeitos do treinamento aeróbio versus treinamento resistido sobre concentrações séricas de proteína C reativa (PCR), fator de necrose tumoral alfa e interleucina-6 em população cardiometabólica. Métodos: Com relação ao ensaio clínico, 36 participantes diagnosticados com Smet foram alocados em grupo TAI (n=19) e grupo controle (n=17). O treinamento foi realizado três vezes por semana, durante 16 semanas, em três diferentes intensidades de trabalho: 5 semanas de intensidade leve, 4 semanas de intensidade moderada, e 4 semanas de alta intensidade. Qualidade de vida e um conjunto de biomarcadores sanguíneos foram avaliados pré e pós intervenção. Com relação à revisão sistemática, estudos foram selecionados após busca eletrônica em três bases de dados (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE e Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials – CENTRAL) desde a data mais antiga de publicação até o dia 7 de julho de 2016. Apenas ensaios clínicos randomizados que comparasse treinamento aeróbio versus treinamento resistido sobre concentrações séricas de PCR foram incluídos. Além disso, era necessário que os estudos utilizassem uma população cardiometabólica, isto é, pacientes com sobrepeso, obesidade, diabetes tipo 2 ou síndrome metabólica. Resultados e conclusões: A nova abordagem do TAI mostrou-se eficaz em reduzir níveis de inflamação crônica de baixo grau (PCR), bem como em aumentar a qualidade de vida, apenas sobre os aspectos físicos, de seus praticantes sem promover sobrecarga à nivel molecular. Ainda, ao compararmos os efeitos do treinamento aeróbio versus treinamento resistido, por meio de meta-análise, o treinamento aeróbio demonstrou superioridade em melhorar o perfil inflamatório (fator de necrose tumoral alfa); no entanto, respostas similares foram observadas sobre os desfechos PCR e interleucina-6.
Introduction: Researches in the health context recommend regular exercise training for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases, especially Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Objectives: To investigate, through a clinical trial, the effects of 16 weeks of a new approach of aerobic interval training (AIT) on blood biomarkers and quality of life in subjects with MetS; as well as, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, to compare the effects of aerobic training versus resistance training on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 in cardiometabolic population. Methods: Regarding the clinical trial, 36 participants diagnosed with MetS were allocated to the AIT group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 17). The exercise training was performed three times per week for 16 weeks, at three different workloads: 5 weeks on light intensity, four weeks on moderate intensity, and four weeks on high intensities. Quality of life and a set of blood biomarkers were measured before and after intervention. Regarding the systematic review, studies were selected after electronic search in three databases (PubMed / MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL) from the earliest date of publication until July 7, 2016. Only randomized controlled trials comparing aerobic versus resistance training on serum concentrations of CRP were included. Furthermore, studies were required to have a cardiometabolic population, that is, patients with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Results and conclusions: The new approach of AIT improved chronic low-grade inflammation (CRP), as well as improving the quality of life of its practitioners without promoting overload at the molecular level. In additoin, when comparing the effects of aerobic training versus resistance training, through meta-analysis, aerobic training demonstrated superiority on decreasing the inflammatory profile (tumor necrosis factor alpha); however, similar responses were observed to CRP and interleukin-6 outcomes.
Introduction: Researches in the health context recommend regular exercise training for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases, especially Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Objectives: To investigate, through a clinical trial, the effects of 16 weeks of a new approach of aerobic interval training (AIT) on blood biomarkers and quality of life in subjects with MetS; as well as, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, to compare the effects of aerobic training versus resistance training on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 in cardiometabolic population. Methods: Regarding the clinical trial, 36 participants diagnosed with MetS were allocated to the AIT group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 17). The exercise training was performed three times per week for 16 weeks, at three different workloads: 5 weeks on light intensity, four weeks on moderate intensity, and four weeks on high intensities. Quality of life and a set of blood biomarkers were measured before and after intervention. Regarding the systematic review, studies were selected after electronic search in three databases (PubMed / MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL) from the earliest date of publication until July 7, 2016. Only randomized controlled trials comparing aerobic versus resistance training on serum concentrations of CRP were included. Furthermore, studies were required to have a cardiometabolic population, that is, patients with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Results and conclusions: The new approach of AIT improved chronic low-grade inflammation (CRP), as well as improving the quality of life of its practitioners without promoting overload at the molecular level. In additoin, when comparing the effects of aerobic training versus resistance training, through meta-analysis, aerobic training demonstrated superiority on decreasing the inflammatory profile (tumor necrosis factor alpha); however, similar responses were observed to CRP and interleukin-6 outcomes.
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Palavras-chave
Exercício, Síndrome X metabólica, Inflamação, Qualidade de vida, Exercise, Inflammation, Metabolic syndrome X, Quality of life