Da polifonia vocal ao ricercar imitativo: relações estruturais em obras de Adrian Willaert com base em planos cadenciais
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Data
2017-03-31
Autores
Pereira, Fernando Luiz Cardoso [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar aspectos estruturais em peças polifônicas de Adrian Willaert, visando identificar possíveis relações entre sua obra vocal e instrumental, nominadamente os gêneros moteto e ricercare. Entre os diversos aspectos estruturais que serviram como base de comparação, a cadência foi eleita como elemento comum predominante e mensurável, por seus padrões de ocorrência e tipologia associados à uma classificação relativamente bem estabelecida por Bernhard Meier. Alguns tipos cadenciais pouco comuns foram identificados em peças de Willaert, em especial a cláusula melódica cantizans fuggita, que contudo não poderia ser atribuída ao próprio compositor sem uma investigação sobre sua possível ocorrência em obras de compositores influentes pregressos, como Josquin. Tal observação implicou no estudo de fontes primárias pregressas a Willaert, no intuito de identificar, de um lado, aspectos que corroboraram o desenvolvimento da música instrumental a partir de modelos vocais ao longo dos séculos XV e XVI e, de outro, possíveis influências relacionadas ao uso de tipos cadenciais incomuns. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de plano cadencial expandido na medida em que as peças foram analisadas, contemplando também um método de análise motívica que estimulou o exame de escopo deste método analítico convergente em uma peça de Clemens non Papa, compositor contemporâneo mas pouco relacionado ao círculo de Willaert. Como conseqüência desta pesquisa, foi possível identificar uma estrutura cadencial denominada ‘cadência escalonada’ como um último meio de articulação potencial, além de alguns agrupamentos estruturais acoplados ao padrão cadencial cantizans-tenorizans, nomeado aqui como ‘cadência-C/T’.
The goal of this work was the study of structural aspects in polyphonic pieces by Adrian Willaert, aiming to identify possible relations between his vocal and instrumental works, namely the moteto and ricercare genres. Among the various structural aspects that served as a basis for comparison, cadence was chosen as a measurable and predominant common element, by patterns of occurrence and typology associated with a relatively well-established classification by Bernhard Meier. Some unusual cadential species were identified in Willaert’s pieces, specially the melodic clausula cantizans fuggita, which however could not be attributed to the composer without an investigation on its possible occurrence in works by influential composers such as Josquin. This modification implied in the study of primary sources previous to Willaert, in order to identify, on the one hand, aspects that corroborated the development of the instrumental music from vocal models during the fifteenth- and sixteenth-centuries and, on the other hand, possible influences related to the use of these unusual cadential species. An expanded cadential plan model was developed as the pieces were being analyzed, including a method of motivic analysis that prompted the scope examination of this converging analytical method in a piece by Clemens non Papa, a contemporary but unrelated composer to Willaert’s circle. As a consequence of this research, it was possible to identify a cadential structure nominated ‘staggered cadence’ as a ultimate means of potential articulation, besides some structural groupings coupled with the basic cadential pattern cantizans-tenorizans, here nominated as ‘C/T-cadence’.
The goal of this work was the study of structural aspects in polyphonic pieces by Adrian Willaert, aiming to identify possible relations between his vocal and instrumental works, namely the moteto and ricercare genres. Among the various structural aspects that served as a basis for comparison, cadence was chosen as a measurable and predominant common element, by patterns of occurrence and typology associated with a relatively well-established classification by Bernhard Meier. Some unusual cadential species were identified in Willaert’s pieces, specially the melodic clausula cantizans fuggita, which however could not be attributed to the composer without an investigation on its possible occurrence in works by influential composers such as Josquin. This modification implied in the study of primary sources previous to Willaert, in order to identify, on the one hand, aspects that corroborated the development of the instrumental music from vocal models during the fifteenth- and sixteenth-centuries and, on the other hand, possible influences related to the use of these unusual cadential species. An expanded cadential plan model was developed as the pieces were being analyzed, including a method of motivic analysis that prompted the scope examination of this converging analytical method in a piece by Clemens non Papa, a contemporary but unrelated composer to Willaert’s circle. As a consequence of this research, it was possible to identify a cadential structure nominated ‘staggered cadence’ as a ultimate means of potential articulation, besides some structural groupings coupled with the basic cadential pattern cantizans-tenorizans, here nominated as ‘C/T-cadence’.
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Cadência, Ricercare, Moteto, Willaert, Análise