Modelagem hidrológica HEC-HMS da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Lavapés, Botucatu-SP
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Data
2017-05-02
Autores
Santos, Juliano Boeck [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso inadequado dos recursos naturais é um dos principais problemas enfrentados pelos países. Considerando a extensão territorial das bacias hidrográficas, a utilização de ferramentas de geoprocessamento baseado no Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) são apropriadas para o monitoramento hidrológico por meio do planejamento, controle, armazenamento e execução de informações. A Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Lavapés tem suas nascentes principais e seus afluentes dentro da área urbana do município de Botucatu-SP-Brasil, com isso o monitoramento, mapeamento e planejamento ambiental dessa área é de fundamental importância para a sua recomposição e conservação. A bacia de estudo foi dividida em três formações geológicas: Adamantina, Serra Geral e Pirambóia/Botucatu e sua produção de água foi quantificada por meio de um modelo hidrológico associado ao SIG, utilizando o Método de Curva Número (CN). Em relação aos resultados obtidos para os valores de infiltração e escoamento superficial, a Formação Adamantina (CN=97,87) apresentou uma alta impermeabilização do solo, a Formação Serra Geral (CN=73,97) um aumento do escoamento superficial, e a Formação Pirambóia/Botucatu (CN=67,29) altas taxas de infiltração. Quanto à vazão, em todas as simulações realizadas a Formação Adamantina apresentou valores superiores às demais formações e a Formação Pirambóia/Botucatu foi superior a Formação Serra Geral devido sua maior área de captação, embora apresente um valor de CN inferior. Comparando a vazão, em ambos os períodos de retorno, da média das formações geológicas com a da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Lavapés como um todo, observou-se que na duração de chuva de 1 hora os valores foram superiores nas formações, enquanto que em 6 e 12 horas, foram superiores na bacia como um todo. Assim, pode-se concluir que os dados de entrada disponíveis e os parâmetros utilizados tornaram o modelo uma boa ferramenta na simulação de eventos na previsão de cenários, assim como, para futuras tomadas de decisões pelos gestores dos recursos hídricos.
Inadequate use of natural resources is one of the main problems faced by the countries. Considering the territorial extent of the Hydrographic Basins, it becomes necessary to use geoprocessing tools based on Geographic Information System (GIS) for the hydrological monitoring by planning, control, storage and execution information. The Ribeirão Lavapés Hydrographic Basin has its main springs and its tributaries within the urban area of the city of Botucatu-SP-Brazil, so the monitoring, mapping and environmental planning of this area is of fundamental importance for its recomposition and conservation. The study basin was divided into three geological formations: Adamantina, Serra Geral and Pirambóia/Botucatu, and its water production was quantified by means of a hydrological model associated with GIS, using the Number Curve Method (CN). Regarding the results obtained for the infiltration and surface runoff values, the Adamantina Formation (CN = 97.87) presented a high waterproofing of the soil, the Serra Geral Formation (CN = 73.97) an increase of the surface runoff, and Pirambóia/Botucatu Formation (CN = 67.29) high rates of infiltration. As for the flow rate, in all simulations, the Adamantina Formation presented higher values than the other formations and the Pirambóia/Botucatu Formation was superior to the Serra Geral Formation due to its higher catchment area, although it presents a lower CN value. Comparing the flow rate, in both return periods, of the mean geological formations with that of the Ribeirão Lavapés Hydrographic Basin as a whole, it was observed that in the 1 hour rainfall the values were higher in the formations, while at 6 and 12 hours, its was higher in the basin as a whole. Therefore, it can be concluded that the available input data and the parameters used have made the model a good tool in simulating events in scenario prediction, as well as for future decision making by water resource managers.
Inadequate use of natural resources is one of the main problems faced by the countries. Considering the territorial extent of the Hydrographic Basins, it becomes necessary to use geoprocessing tools based on Geographic Information System (GIS) for the hydrological monitoring by planning, control, storage and execution information. The Ribeirão Lavapés Hydrographic Basin has its main springs and its tributaries within the urban area of the city of Botucatu-SP-Brazil, so the monitoring, mapping and environmental planning of this area is of fundamental importance for its recomposition and conservation. The study basin was divided into three geological formations: Adamantina, Serra Geral and Pirambóia/Botucatu, and its water production was quantified by means of a hydrological model associated with GIS, using the Number Curve Method (CN). Regarding the results obtained for the infiltration and surface runoff values, the Adamantina Formation (CN = 97.87) presented a high waterproofing of the soil, the Serra Geral Formation (CN = 73.97) an increase of the surface runoff, and Pirambóia/Botucatu Formation (CN = 67.29) high rates of infiltration. As for the flow rate, in all simulations, the Adamantina Formation presented higher values than the other formations and the Pirambóia/Botucatu Formation was superior to the Serra Geral Formation due to its higher catchment area, although it presents a lower CN value. Comparing the flow rate, in both return periods, of the mean geological formations with that of the Ribeirão Lavapés Hydrographic Basin as a whole, it was observed that in the 1 hour rainfall the values were higher in the formations, while at 6 and 12 hours, its was higher in the basin as a whole. Therefore, it can be concluded that the available input data and the parameters used have made the model a good tool in simulating events in scenario prediction, as well as for future decision making by water resource managers.
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Palavras-chave
Modelagem hidrológica, Geoprocessamento, Sistema de informações geográficas, Produção de água, Hydrologic modeling, Geoprocessing, Geographic information system, Water production