Caracterização do resíduo de resina epóxi com fibra de vidro proveniente da fabricação de pás eólicas e sua incorporação em argamassa de cimento Portland
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Data
2017-09-20
Autores
Oliveira, Paulo Silas [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Dentre as diversas maneiras de se obter energia limpa, a energia eólica é o setor que esta em grande expansão, pois apresentou no Brasil, em 2015 um crescimento de 77,1% em comparação ao ano de 2014. Este crescimento acelerado traz juntamente uma enorme quantidade de resíduos gerados no processo de fabricação dos conjuntos geradores de energia. Um dos componentes dos conjuntos geradores é a pá eólica, confeccionada basicamente de uma estrutura, envolta por resina epóxi, fibra de vidro, madeira e cola. Uma empresa localizada na cidade de Sorocaba, fabricante de pás eólicas, têm capacidade de produção de 200 pás/mês que gera uma quantidade considerável de resíduos. Este trabalho visa incorporar a resina epóxi misturada com fibra de vidro, que é um resíduo gerado na produção das pás eólicas, em argamassa fabricada com cimento Portland CPII F32, com o objetivo de utilizar o resíduo substituindo parcialmente a areia empregada, pois desta forma há possibilidade de redução do descarte em aterros, e também diminuição da utilização de recursos naturais. Inicialmente o resíduo coletado na forma sólida, foi transformado em pó através do processo de torneamento, este pó foi caracterizado pelas técnicas de ângulo de contato, massa específica, teor de inorgânicos, granulometria, Difração de Raios X (DRX), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e Espectroscopia de Raios X por Dispersão em Energia (EDS). Posterior às caracterizações, foram confeccionados corpos de prova cimentícios com diversas proporções de substituição da areia pelo resíduo, além de um corpo de prova (CP) sem adição. Seguido da confecção dos CP foram realizados ensaios de tração na flexão, compressão, absorção de água, índice de vazios, microscopia ótica e massa específica das argamassas. Os resultados atestaram aprovação nos critérios de resistência mecânica (8 MPa), quando o resíduo substitui até 15% da areia, além de apresentar redução de massa específica, sendo vantajosa a aplicação na construção civil.
Among the various ways to obtain clean energy, wind power has been growing rapidly. In Brazil, the use of wind power grew 77.1% in 2015 compared with the previous year. This growth results in an enormous additional amount of residue produced during the manufacture of wind power generators. Wind turbine blades, which play an important role in the whole system, are made of a structure covered with epoxy resin, fiberglass, wood and glue. A company that manufactures wind power generators located in Sorocaba can produce up to 200 wind blades per month, which produces a considerable amount of residue. This project aims to incorporate epoxy resin together with fiberglass, which is also used in the production of such blades, into mortar made with Portland CPII F32 cement; that is to substitute residue for part of the sand used in this process, so that the quantity of residue (waste) can be reduced, and consequently also reduce the use of natural resources. Initially, this residue was collected in its solid form, and then turned into powder using the turning process for milling. This powder was characterized by contact angle and specific mass measurements, determination of inorganic elements, granulometry, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). After the characterizations, some cement specimens were made with different quantities of residue substituting the sand, as well as a specimen (CP) without any substitution. Tests were then carried out, including resistance to bending traction and compression; determination of water absorption, void indices and of specific mass. The specimens showed positive results, having passed the mechanical resistance test (8MPa), when residue substituted up to 15% of the sand was substituted. In addition, the tests showed that the specific mass was also reduced, making it advantageous in applications in Civil Engineering.
Among the various ways to obtain clean energy, wind power has been growing rapidly. In Brazil, the use of wind power grew 77.1% in 2015 compared with the previous year. This growth results in an enormous additional amount of residue produced during the manufacture of wind power generators. Wind turbine blades, which play an important role in the whole system, are made of a structure covered with epoxy resin, fiberglass, wood and glue. A company that manufactures wind power generators located in Sorocaba can produce up to 200 wind blades per month, which produces a considerable amount of residue. This project aims to incorporate epoxy resin together with fiberglass, which is also used in the production of such blades, into mortar made with Portland CPII F32 cement; that is to substitute residue for part of the sand used in this process, so that the quantity of residue (waste) can be reduced, and consequently also reduce the use of natural resources. Initially, this residue was collected in its solid form, and then turned into powder using the turning process for milling. This powder was characterized by contact angle and specific mass measurements, determination of inorganic elements, granulometry, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). After the characterizations, some cement specimens were made with different quantities of residue substituting the sand, as well as a specimen (CP) without any substitution. Tests were then carried out, including resistance to bending traction and compression; determination of water absorption, void indices and of specific mass. The specimens showed positive results, having passed the mechanical resistance test (8MPa), when residue substituted up to 15% of the sand was substituted. In addition, the tests showed that the specific mass was also reduced, making it advantageous in applications in Civil Engineering.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduo, Argamassa de cimento, Construção civil, Pá eólica, Residue, Wind blades, Cement mortar, Civil engineering