Impacto da exposição à queima de biomassa sobre a taxa de prevalência em doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares na região de Presidente Prudente
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2017-08-28
Autores
Tacao, Guilherme Yassuyuki [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: A poluição atmosférica se tornou um importante problema de saúde pública a nível mundial e tem sido apontada como causa de impactos negativos na saúde humana. Esse impacto inclui aumento de mortalidade, de admissões hospitalares, de visitas à emergência e de utilização de medicamentos, devidas a doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Essa dissertação teve como objetivos: analisar o impacto da exposição a poluentes atmosféricos nas doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares na população adulta, além de investigar as doenças respiratórias nas crianças e adolescentes de uma cidade do sudoeste do estado de São Paulo moradores próximos a uma usina de cana-de-açúcar. Métodos: O estudo foi do tipo transversal, retrospectivo, de base populacional, utilizando-se de dados por meio de um Inquérito de Saúde para adultos e International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) em crianças e adolescentes, foram entrevistados no total 335 indivíduos. Os questionários foram aplicados diretamente à pessoa ou ao responsável para os menores de 12 anos. Foram utilizados os blocos temáticos de doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares. Para assegurar a qualidade na coleta dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas diretamente no domicílio por pesquisadores devidamente treinados. Para análise sanguínea foi analisado hemograma completo e glicemia de maneira que, fossem analisados níveis anormais para possível detecção de fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Conclusões: A exposição a queima de biomassa em moradores próximos a uma usina de cana de açúcar gerou impacto negativo no sistema respiratório nos moradores, tanto adultos quanto crianças moradoras do distrito, principalmente em mulheres e crianças.
Introduction: Air pollution is an important public health problem worldwide and has been cited as the cause of negative impacts on human health. This impact includes increased mortality, hospital admissions, emergency visits and medication use, due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the impact of exposure to air pollutants on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the adult population, as well as to investigate respiratory diseases in children and adolescents living nearby a sugarcane factory in a city in the southwest of São Paulo. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, retrospective, population-based study using data from an Adult Health Survey and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) in children and adolescents, a total of 335 individuals were interviewed. The questionnaires were applied directly to the person or guardian for those under 12 years of age. Thematic blocks of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases were used. To ensure the quality of the data collection, interviews were conducted directly at the home by properly trained researchers. For blood analysis, complete blood count and glycemia were analyzed so that abnormal levels were analyzed for the possible detection of cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Exposure to biomass burning in residents nearby a sugarcane plantation generated a negative impact on the respiratory system in residents, both adults and children living in the district, especially in women and children.
Introduction: Air pollution is an important public health problem worldwide and has been cited as the cause of negative impacts on human health. This impact includes increased mortality, hospital admissions, emergency visits and medication use, due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the impact of exposure to air pollutants on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the adult population, as well as to investigate respiratory diseases in children and adolescents living nearby a sugarcane factory in a city in the southwest of São Paulo. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, retrospective, population-based study using data from an Adult Health Survey and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) in children and adolescents, a total of 335 individuals were interviewed. The questionnaires were applied directly to the person or guardian for those under 12 years of age. Thematic blocks of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases were used. To ensure the quality of the data collection, interviews were conducted directly at the home by properly trained researchers. For blood analysis, complete blood count and glycemia were analyzed so that abnormal levels were analyzed for the possible detection of cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Exposure to biomass burning in residents nearby a sugarcane plantation generated a negative impact on the respiratory system in residents, both adults and children living in the district, especially in women and children.
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Palavras-chave
Poluição do ar, Doenças respiratórias, Doenças cardiovasculares, Air pollution, Respiratory tract diseases, Cardiovascular diseases