A teoria dos grafos e sua abordagem na sala de aula com recursos educacionais digitais
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Data
2017-12-18
Autores
Favaro, Flavia Fernanda [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho estudamos a Teoria dos Grafos compreendendo suas definições, resultados e algumas aplicações como O Problema das Pontes de Köningsberg, O Problema Chinês do Carteiro, O Problema do Caixeiro Viajante e O Teorema das Quatro e das Cinco Cores. Com o uso da Coleção M3 - Matemática Multimídia, que contém recursos educacionais em formatos digitais, aplicamos as atividades sugeridas aos alunos do segundo ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola particular localizado na cidade de São Pedro - SP. As atividades mostraram que, apesar da Teoria dos Grafos não constar no currículo regular do Ensino Médio, sua aplicação para este grupo de alunos foi positiva, uma vez que os alunos sentiram-se motivados com o conteúdo abordado na forma digital e com sua aplicação ao estudo de Matrizes. Concluímos assim que, nos dias atuais a ligação do processo de ensino aprendizagem com os softwares educacionais podem proporcionar, tanto para os professores quanto para os alunos, uma forma mais prazerosa e eficaz de obter conhecimento em Matemática.
In this work, we study Graph Theory, meaning its definitions, results e some applications such as the Köningsberg bridge problem, the chinese postman problem, the travelling salesman problem and the four color theorem as well as the five color theorem. By using the M3 - Matemática Multimídia Series, which contains educational resources in digital form, we applied the suggested activities to second year high school students form a private school located at the city of São Pedro – São Paulo State. The activities showed that, although Graph Theory is not part of the high school regular curriculum, its application to this group of students was positive, since the students felt themselves motivated by the digital approach to its contents and its applications to the study of Matrices. We conclude that, nowadays, the connection between the teaching processes and educational softwares can provide, to the teachers as well as to the students, a more pleasurable and efficient way to obtain knowledge in Mathematics.
In this work, we study Graph Theory, meaning its definitions, results e some applications such as the Köningsberg bridge problem, the chinese postman problem, the travelling salesman problem and the four color theorem as well as the five color theorem. By using the M3 - Matemática Multimídia Series, which contains educational resources in digital form, we applied the suggested activities to second year high school students form a private school located at the city of São Pedro – São Paulo State. The activities showed that, although Graph Theory is not part of the high school regular curriculum, its application to this group of students was positive, since the students felt themselves motivated by the digital approach to its contents and its applications to the study of Matrices. We conclude that, nowadays, the connection between the teaching processes and educational softwares can provide, to the teachers as well as to the students, a more pleasurable and efficient way to obtain knowledge in Mathematics.
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Palavras-chave
Teoria dos grafos, Matriz, Software, Recursos educacionais, Graph theory, Matrix, Educational resources