Análise da osseointegração de implantes com superfície hidrofílica em áreas enxertadas: estudo pré-clínico em ratos
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Data
2018-03-19
Autores
Pinotti, Felipe Eduardo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar o efeito de uma superfície hidrofílica sobre a osseointegração de implantes em áreas enxertadas com osso bovino desproteinizado (DBB) ou com cerâmica bifásica a base de β-fosfato de cálcio/Hidroxiapatita (HA/TCP). Foram utilizados 56 ratos que foram aleatoriamente divididos em 4 grupos com 14 animais cada: DBB: Osso bovino desproteinizado (DBB) + Superfície usinada (U); HA/TCP: Cerâmica bifásica a base de β-fosfato de cálcio/Hidroxiapatita (HA/TCP) + Superfície U; DBB-H: DBB + Superfície hidrofílica (H); HA/TCP-H: HA/TCP + Superfície H. Foram confeccionados defeitos nas tíbias que foram preenchidos com os biomateriais, e os implantes foram inseridos 60 dias após esse procedimento. Os animais foram submetidos a eutanásia nos períodos de 15 e 45 dias após a instalação dos implantes. A osseointegração foi avaliada por análises biomecânicas, histométricas e microtomográfica. Adicionalmente a isso, foi avaliada a expressão da proteína morfogênica óssea 2 (BMP-2), da fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e da osteocalcina (OCN) por imunohistoquímica. O grupo HA/TCP-H apresentou maior contra torque para remoção de implantes e maior volume de tecidos mineralizados ao redor dos implantes que o grupo HA/TCP. Os grupos DBB-H e HA/TCP-H apresentaram maiores valores de contato osso-implante (15 e 45 dias), de osso entre as roscas dos implantes (45 dias), e de expressão de BMP2 (45 dias) do que os observados nos grupos DBB e HA/TCP. Adicionalmente, foi verificado uma maior expressão de ALP (15 dias) no grupo DBB-H do que no grupo DBB. Os implantes com superfície hidrofílica melhoram a osseointegração em áreas enxertadas em comparação com implantes com superfície usinada.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrophilic surface on the osseointegration in grafted areas with deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and with biphasic ceramics of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). Fifty-six rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 14 animals each: DBB: Desproteinezed bovine bone (DBB) + Machined surface (U); HA/TCP: biphasic ceramics of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) + Machined surface; DBB-H: DBB + Hydrophilic surface (H); HA/TCP-H: HA/TCP + Hydrophilic surface. The bone defects were performed at the proximal epiphysis of the tibia. Then, the defects were filled with the biomaterials. After 60 days, the implants were placed in the grafted areas. The animals were submitted to euthanasia at periods of 15 and 45 days after the implants’ placement. The osseointegration was assessed by biomechanical, microtomographic and histometric analyses. In addition, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The HA/TCP-H group presented higher removal torque values and more volume of mineralized tissuesin the vicinity of the implants compared with the HA/TCP group. The DBB-H and HA/TCP-H groups presented higher values of bone-implant contact (at 15 and 45 days), of bone between the threads (45 days), and expression of BMP-2 (45 days) than the DBB and HA/TCP groups. Furthermore, the DBB-H group presented a higher expression of ALP than the DBB group (15 days). In conclusion, implants with a hydrophilic surface improve osseointegration in grafted areas compared to implants with machined surfaces.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrophilic surface on the osseointegration in grafted areas with deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and with biphasic ceramics of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). Fifty-six rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 14 animals each: DBB: Desproteinezed bovine bone (DBB) + Machined surface (U); HA/TCP: biphasic ceramics of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) + Machined surface; DBB-H: DBB + Hydrophilic surface (H); HA/TCP-H: HA/TCP + Hydrophilic surface. The bone defects were performed at the proximal epiphysis of the tibia. Then, the defects were filled with the biomaterials. After 60 days, the implants were placed in the grafted areas. The animals were submitted to euthanasia at periods of 15 and 45 days after the implants’ placement. The osseointegration was assessed by biomechanical, microtomographic and histometric analyses. In addition, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The HA/TCP-H group presented higher removal torque values and more volume of mineralized tissuesin the vicinity of the implants compared with the HA/TCP group. The DBB-H and HA/TCP-H groups presented higher values of bone-implant contact (at 15 and 45 days), of bone between the threads (45 days), and expression of BMP-2 (45 days) than the DBB and HA/TCP groups. Furthermore, the DBB-H group presented a higher expression of ALP than the DBB group (15 days). In conclusion, implants with a hydrophilic surface improve osseointegration in grafted areas compared to implants with machined surfaces.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biomateriais, Implantes dentários, Osseointegração, Bone substitutes, Dental implants, Osseointegration