Acúmulo de transcritos em células do cumulus cultivadas na presença do precursor do peptídeo natriurético tipo C e seus efeitos sobre a maturação e aquisição da competência do oócito na espécie bovina
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Data
2018-02-28
Autores
Nunes, Giovana Barros
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do precursor do peptídeo natriurético tipo C (NPPC) durante o cultivo de pré-maturação in vitro (pré-MIV) de oócitos bovinos sobre: 1) a progressão da maturação nuclear; 2) a expressão gênica das células do cumulus e 3) a aquisição da competência do oócito para o desenvolvimento embrionário in vitro. Os complexos cumulus-oócito (CCOs) foram pré-MIV com 100 nM NPPC por 8 horas (grupo NPPC) e, ao final do período, foram lavados para completa remoção do NPPC e submetidos à MIV por 22h. Após 8h de pré-MIV e após 8h de pré-MIV seguidas de 22h de MIV (duração total do cultivo = 30h) foram avaliadas a progressão da maturação nuclear e a expressão relativa de mRNA nas células do cumulus. O grupo controle (C) foi maturado na ausência de NPPC por até 30h, e as mesmas avaliações anteriores foram realizadas imediatamente após a remoção do ambiente folicular (C0), após 8h de cultivo (C8), após 22h de cultivo (C22) e após 30h de cultivo (C30). Em outro experimento, cujos tratamentos foram idênticos aos supramencionados, os oócitos foram fecundados ao término da MIV e foi avaliado o desenvolvimento embrionário até a fase de blastocistos. Após 8h de cultivo de pré-MIV, a análise da progressão da meiose demonstrou que o grupo C0 apresentou 58,9% de estruturas com configuração de GV1, enquanto que o grupo C8 apresentou apenas 13,9% de estruturas nesta configuração (P<0,05). A proporção de GV1 no grupo NPPC foi semelhante a ambos estes grupos (22,8%; P>0,05). Por outro lado, o grupo C8 apresentou maior taxa de GV3 em relação ao C0 (53,1% vs. 3,62%; P<0,05), sem diferenças com o grupo NPPC (38,7%; P>0,05). Ao final do cultivo de MIV, não foi observada diferença entre os grupos (C22 vs. NPPC vs. C30) com relação à maturação nuclear, todavia, houve maior taxa de oócitos degenerados no C30 em comparação com C22 (11,4% vs. 2,8%; P<0,05). A análise da expressão relativa de genes das células do cumulus após 8h de pré-MIV com NPPC evidenciou aumento (P<0,05) na expressão de genes relacionados à expansão destas células (GREM1, PTGS2/COX2, PTX3, TNFAIP6 e VCAN), à maturação oocitária (BDNF, EGFR, NOS3, PDE5A, PRKCD e STAT3) e ao desenvolvimento embrionário (IGF1R, KRT8 e LUM). Ao final do cultivo de MIV, observou-se no grupo NPPC que o gene PTX3, relacionado à expansão das células do cumulus, além dos genes AREG e BDNF, relacionados à maturação oocitária, e o gene LUM, relacionado ao desenvolvimento embrionário estavam mais expressos em comparação com o grupo C30 (P<0,05). Com relação ao desenvolvimento embrionário, os grupos experimentais não apresentaram diferença (P>0,05) quanto à taxa de clivagem (média de 73,22%). Embora o grupo NPPC não tenha diferido (P>0,05) de C22 e C30 quanto à taxa de blastocistos, houve diferença entre C22 e C30 (69,3 vs. 37,4; P<0,05). Todavia, não houve diferença entre os grupos com relação ao número de células totais (blastômeros) e apoptóticas (P>0,05). Em conclusão, o cultivo de pré-MIV de oócitos bovinos por 8h com 100nM NPPC não bloqueou a retomada da meiose, mas a progressão da meiose ocorreu de forma mais lenta e impediu o envelhecimento e degeneração dos oócitos. O cultivo de oócitos por tempo prolongado (30h) na ausência de NPPC foi prejudicial para o desenvolvimento embrionário, mas o tratamento com NPPC (8h pré-MIV+22h MIV = duração total de 30h) reverteu parcialmente este índice.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the C-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NPPC) during pre in vitro maturation culture (pre-IVM) of bovine oocytes on: 1) nuclear maturation progress; 2) gene expression in cumulus cells and 3) acquisition of competence for in vitro embryo development. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were pre-IVM with 100 nM NPPC for 8 hours (NPPC group) and then were washed for the complete removal of NPPC and submitted to IVM for 22h. After 8h pre-IVM followed by 22h IVM (total culture time = 30h) oocytes were evaluated for nuclear maturation progress and cumulus cells for relative mRNA expression. Control group (C) was IVM in the absence of NPPC for up to 30h and the same evaluations were made immediately after follicle removal (C0) and after 8h (C8), 22h (C22) and after 30h of culture (C30). In another experiment with the same treatment, the oocytes were fertilized at the end of IVM and embryo development to the blastocyst stage was evaluated. After 8 hours of pre-IVM culture, meiosis progression analysis showed 58.9% of oocytes in GV1 configuration in C0, while C8 had only 13.9% (P<0.05). The GV1 rates in NPPC did not differ from any group (22.8%; P>0.05). On the other hand, C8 showed higher rates of GV3 in comparison with C0 (53.1% vs. 3.62%; p<0.05) and no differences compared to NPPC (38.7%; P<0.05). At the end of IVM culture, no differences between groups (C22 vs. NPPC vs. C30) were observed in nuclear maturation, however, higher rates of degenerated oocytes were observed in C30 in comparison with C22 (11.4% vs. 2.8%; P<0.05). The relative gene expression analysis in cumulus cells after 8h pre-IVM with NPPC showed an up-regulation in genes related to cumulus cells expansion (GREM1, PTGS2/COX2, PTX3, TNFAIP6 and VCAN), oocyte maturation (BDNF, EGFR, NOS3, PDE5A, PRKCD e STAT3) and embryo development (IGF1R, KRT8 and LUM). At the end of IVM culture, the cumulus cells expansion related gene, PTX3, the oocyte maturation genes, AREG and BDNF, and the embryo development gene, LUM, were up-regulated in NPPC in comparison with C30 (p<0.05). Regarding embryo development, the cleavage rates did not differ in experimental groups (mean around 73,22%). Besides, blastocyst rates did not differ between NPPC (P>0.05) and the other groups, but there was a difference between C22 and C30 (69.3 vs. 37.4%; P<0.05). There was no difference between the groups in total cell number (blastomeres) and apoptotic cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, the pre-IVM culture of bovine oocytes for 8h with 100nM NPPC did not block meiosis resumption, but meiosis progression occurred more slowly and prevented aging and degeneration of the oocytes. The prolonged time of oocyte culture (30h) in the absence of NPPC was detrimental to embryo development, but NPPC treatment (8h pre-IVM + 22h IVM = total duration of 30h) partially reversed this effect.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the C-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NPPC) during pre in vitro maturation culture (pre-IVM) of bovine oocytes on: 1) nuclear maturation progress; 2) gene expression in cumulus cells and 3) acquisition of competence for in vitro embryo development. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were pre-IVM with 100 nM NPPC for 8 hours (NPPC group) and then were washed for the complete removal of NPPC and submitted to IVM for 22h. After 8h pre-IVM followed by 22h IVM (total culture time = 30h) oocytes were evaluated for nuclear maturation progress and cumulus cells for relative mRNA expression. Control group (C) was IVM in the absence of NPPC for up to 30h and the same evaluations were made immediately after follicle removal (C0) and after 8h (C8), 22h (C22) and after 30h of culture (C30). In another experiment with the same treatment, the oocytes were fertilized at the end of IVM and embryo development to the blastocyst stage was evaluated. After 8 hours of pre-IVM culture, meiosis progression analysis showed 58.9% of oocytes in GV1 configuration in C0, while C8 had only 13.9% (P<0.05). The GV1 rates in NPPC did not differ from any group (22.8%; P>0.05). On the other hand, C8 showed higher rates of GV3 in comparison with C0 (53.1% vs. 3.62%; p<0.05) and no differences compared to NPPC (38.7%; P<0.05). At the end of IVM culture, no differences between groups (C22 vs. NPPC vs. C30) were observed in nuclear maturation, however, higher rates of degenerated oocytes were observed in C30 in comparison with C22 (11.4% vs. 2.8%; P<0.05). The relative gene expression analysis in cumulus cells after 8h pre-IVM with NPPC showed an up-regulation in genes related to cumulus cells expansion (GREM1, PTGS2/COX2, PTX3, TNFAIP6 and VCAN), oocyte maturation (BDNF, EGFR, NOS3, PDE5A, PRKCD e STAT3) and embryo development (IGF1R, KRT8 and LUM). At the end of IVM culture, the cumulus cells expansion related gene, PTX3, the oocyte maturation genes, AREG and BDNF, and the embryo development gene, LUM, were up-regulated in NPPC in comparison with C30 (p<0.05). Regarding embryo development, the cleavage rates did not differ in experimental groups (mean around 73,22%). Besides, blastocyst rates did not differ between NPPC (P>0.05) and the other groups, but there was a difference between C22 and C30 (69.3 vs. 37.4%; P<0.05). There was no difference between the groups in total cell number (blastomeres) and apoptotic cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, the pre-IVM culture of bovine oocytes for 8h with 100nM NPPC did not block meiosis resumption, but meiosis progression occurred more slowly and prevented aging and degeneration of the oocytes. The prolonged time of oocyte culture (30h) in the absence of NPPC was detrimental to embryo development, but NPPC treatment (8h pre-IVM + 22h IVM = total duration of 30h) partially reversed this effect.
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Palavras-chave
Maturação in vitro, Cultivo de pré-maturação, Bloqueio meiótico, Oócito, In vitro maturation, Pre in vitro maturation culture, Meiotic block, Oocyte