Análise da atividade muscular em diferentes tipos de levantamento terra
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Data
2018-02-27
Autores
Lira, Gabriel de Paula [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Diante do grande crescimento de praticantes de atividades físicas resistidas o American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recomenda que o treinamento resistido faça parte de um programa de aptidão física para adultos, e o levantamento terra tem sido amplamente utilizado em diversos programas, sendo ele um exercício multiarticular, que também pode ser usado em treinos de cargas submáximas e cargas máximas, em uma variedade de configurações, que necessita de maiores pesquisas e informações para ter um melhor aproveitamento nesta gama de utilidades. Portanto, esse projeto teve como objetivo analisar parâmetros biomecânicos relacionados aos músculos de indivíduos que realizaram três estilos de levantamento terra (Convencional, Sumô, Hexagonal). Nesse estudo participaram 24 voluntários, sendo 14 do sexo masculino e 10 do sexo feminino, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, sendo que os 24 executaram todos os três tipos de levantamento terra. Como critério de inclusão, os voluntários tinham que ter pelo menos 2 anos de experiência em exercícios resistidos. Os voluntários realizaram avaliações para uma coleta de dados eletromiográficos, onde foram analisados seis músculos diferentes, sendo eles o músculo Gastrocnêmio Medial, Tibial Anterior, Bíceps Femoral, Vasto Medial, Multífido Lombar e Reto Abdominal, com e sem a inclusão da fadiga. Para avaliarmos essa fadiga, os candidatos realizaram 12 repetições máximas (12 R.M), sendo assim iremos comparar os valores da média das três primeiras repetições com o valor da média das últimas três repetições. Após a verificação da normalidade e homogeneidade dos dados foi selecionada a análise estatística adequada para a comparação e correlação das variáveis, sendo adotado nível de significância de α <0,05. Como resultados temos para os homens, sem a fadiga, que o estilo Hexagonal ativou mais VM do que o Convencional, e o estilo Sumô ativou mais o BF do que o Hexagonal, já com fadiga, o BF e o ML aumentaram sua ativação nos três estilos. Para as mulheres sem a fadiga, o estilo Sumô teve maior ativação do TA em relação ao Convencional, já com a inclusão da fadiga, o TA se mostra menos ativo nos três estilos e o RA e ML acabaram aumentando sua ativação em todos os estilos. Na Co-Contração sem fadiga, os homens tiveram uma maior ativação de TA/GM e VM/BF no estilo sumo em relação ao Hexagonal, quando com fadiga, as mesmas relações, aumentaram sua ativação para os três estilos e RA/ML aumentou para os estilos Convencional e Hexagonal apenas. Já para as mulheres, quando sem fadiga, a relação TA/GM no estilo Sumô teve maior ativação em relação ao Hexagonal, e quando com fadiga, a mesma relação, teve aumento em sua ativação nos estilos Sumô e Hexagonal. Em vista das várias diferenças encontras entre as variáveis propostas neste estudo, podemos verificar a efetividade na utilização destes como estratégia na implementação em programas de treinamento e de reabilitação física.
Faced with the great growth of practicing resisted physical activity, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends that resistance training be part of a physical fitness program for adults, and the deadlift has been widely used in other programs, being a multi-joint exercise, which can also be used in training of body, submaximal and maximum loads, in a variety of requirements, which requires more research and information for a better use in this range of utilities. Therefore, this project aimed to analyze biomechanical parameters related to the muscles of individuals who performed three styles of ground survey (Conventional, Sumo, Hexagonal). In this study 24 volunteers participated, being 14 males and 10 females, aged between 18 and 35 years, all 24 of them performing all three types of soil survey. As an inclusion criterion, volunteers had to have at least 2 years of experience in resistance exercises. The volunteers performed evaluations for an electromyographic data collection, in which six different muscles were analyzed: the Medial Gastrocnemius muscle, Anterior Tibial muscle, Femoral Biceps, Vasto Medial, Lumbar Multífido and Abdominal Straight, with and without the inclusion of fatigue. To evaluate this fatigue, the candidates performed 12 maximal repetitions (12 R.M), so we will compare the values of the average of the first three repetitions with the value of the average of the last three repetitions. After checking the normality and homogeneity of the data, we selected the appropriate statistical analysis for the comparison and correlation of the variables, being adopted a level of significance of α <0.05. As results we have for men, without the fatigue, that the Hexagonal style activated more VM than the Conventional one, and the Sumo style activated more the BF than the Hexagonal, already with fatigue, the BF and ML increased their activation in the three styles. For women without fatigue, the Sumo style had greater activation of the TA than the Conventional one, since with the inclusion of fatigue, the TA was less active in all three styles and the RA and ML increased their activation in all styles. In the Co-Contraction without fatigue, the men had a greater activation of TA / GM and VM / BF in sumo style in relation to the Hexagonal, when with fatigue, the same relations, increased their activation for the three styles and RA / ML increased for Conventional and Hexagonal styles only. For women, when without fatigue, the TA / GM relationship in the Sumo style had greater activation in relation to Hexagonal, and when with fatigue, the same relation, there was an increase in its activation in Sumo and Hexagonal styles. In view of the various differences found between the variables proposed in this study, we can verify the effectiveness in the use of these as strategy in the implementation in training programs and physical rehabilitation.
Faced with the great growth of practicing resisted physical activity, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends that resistance training be part of a physical fitness program for adults, and the deadlift has been widely used in other programs, being a multi-joint exercise, which can also be used in training of body, submaximal and maximum loads, in a variety of requirements, which requires more research and information for a better use in this range of utilities. Therefore, this project aimed to analyze biomechanical parameters related to the muscles of individuals who performed three styles of ground survey (Conventional, Sumo, Hexagonal). In this study 24 volunteers participated, being 14 males and 10 females, aged between 18 and 35 years, all 24 of them performing all three types of soil survey. As an inclusion criterion, volunteers had to have at least 2 years of experience in resistance exercises. The volunteers performed evaluations for an electromyographic data collection, in which six different muscles were analyzed: the Medial Gastrocnemius muscle, Anterior Tibial muscle, Femoral Biceps, Vasto Medial, Lumbar Multífido and Abdominal Straight, with and without the inclusion of fatigue. To evaluate this fatigue, the candidates performed 12 maximal repetitions (12 R.M), so we will compare the values of the average of the first three repetitions with the value of the average of the last three repetitions. After checking the normality and homogeneity of the data, we selected the appropriate statistical analysis for the comparison and correlation of the variables, being adopted a level of significance of α <0.05. As results we have for men, without the fatigue, that the Hexagonal style activated more VM than the Conventional one, and the Sumo style activated more the BF than the Hexagonal, already with fatigue, the BF and ML increased their activation in the three styles. For women without fatigue, the Sumo style had greater activation of the TA than the Conventional one, since with the inclusion of fatigue, the TA was less active in all three styles and the RA and ML increased their activation in all styles. In the Co-Contraction without fatigue, the men had a greater activation of TA / GM and VM / BF in sumo style in relation to the Hexagonal, when with fatigue, the same relations, increased their activation for the three styles and RA / ML increased for Conventional and Hexagonal styles only. For women, when without fatigue, the TA / GM relationship in the Sumo style had greater activation in relation to Hexagonal, and when with fatigue, the same relation, there was an increase in its activation in Sumo and Hexagonal styles. In view of the various differences found between the variables proposed in this study, we can verify the effectiveness in the use of these as strategy in the implementation in training programs and physical rehabilitation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Levantamento terra, Eletromiografia, Fadiga, Deadlift, Electromyography, Fatigue