A farsa da liberdade espacial na mobilidade territorial do trabalho para o agrohidronegócio canavieiro no EDR de Araçatuba (SP): a degradação programada do trabalho migrante
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Data
2018-01-31
Autores
Cardoso, Messias Alessandro
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste texto, procuramos revelar a face oculta do agrohidronegócio canavieiro sob o recorte analítico do EDR de Araçatuba, localizado na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo, enfatizando, o momento atual de reestruturação produtiva, técnica e do trabalho no setor, que vem impondo o flagelo do desemprego a milhares de trabalhadores com a mecanização do corte de cana-de-açúcar e, subjugando aos que permanecem empregados a exorbitante intensificação do trabalho. De modo geral, o principal objetivo dessa pesquisa foi revelar as ações e estratégias do agrohidronegócio canavieiro, sob o prisma da mobilidade territorial do trabalho no EDR de Araçatuba, com o propósito de entender as relações e os impactos sobre as condições de vida e trabalho dos trabalhadores migrantes no corte de cana-de-açúcar. Como queremos demonstrar, o agrohidronegócio canavieiro está encimado no discurso do desenvolvimento, da geração de emprego e renda para os trabalhadores, entretanto seus desdobramentos concretos não atentam para melhoria de vida das populações mais pobres, e nem de longe este é seu objetivo, portanto ao invés de ser a “salvação da lavoura” brasileira, este modelo de produção destrutiva, organizada sob os ditames do sistema do capital, encontra-se completamente tolhido em sentido para os trabalhadores. Nestes termos, o sistema do capital utiliza como trunfo territorial, o processo de mobilidade territorial do trabalho, tendo em vista fazer uso da força de trabalho nos territórios mais rentáveis ao capital. Portanto, é possível dizer, que ao invés de uma decisão livre, o direito de migrar se converte em obrigação compulsória pela sobrevivência: “ir e vir”, longe de ser um ato de liberdade, acaba sendo, a revelação do desespero, de quem se vê pressionado pela necessidade de sobreviver. Ademais, toda apologia do sistema, ao direito à liberdade espacial, desmorona-se e se mostra insustentável teoricamente, pois a liberdade espacial, sob o jugo da lógica do capital é, apenas uma noção fantasiosa, um mero termo do discurso burguês. A grande maioria da população, especialmente os setores condenados à exclusão social, deixam suas terras e suas famílias não por um ato livre, mas por motivos de vida ou morte. Está em jogo a própria sobrevivência. Daí nossa insistência em que ao direito de ir e vir corresponde o direito de “ficar” e poder vivenciar seus territórios e escolhas de maneira digna.
In this paper, we aim to reveal the hidden face of sugarcane agrohydrobusiness under the analytical view of the EDR of Araçatuba, located in the northwest of São Paulo state, emphasizing the current moment of workforce, technical and productive restructuration in this sector, which has been imposing the unemployment plague to millions of workers due to the mechanization of sugarcane cutting and subjugating the ones remaining employed to excessive intensification of work. In general, the aim of this research was to reveal the actions and strategies of the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness from the point of view of territorial mobility at the EDR of Araçatuba, intending to understand the relations and impacts over the life and work conditions of migrant workers in sugarcane cutting. As we intend to prove, the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness is supported by the discourse of development, job and income creation to workers, even though, its concrete deployments do not focus on the improvement of life to poorer populations, and it is far beyond its objective, thus, instead of being the “salvation of plantation “to Brazil, this destructive production mode, organized under the dictates of the Capital System is found hindered in sense to workers. This way, the capital system uses as territorial trump, the territorial mobility process, aiming to use the workforce in the most profitable territories to the capital. Thus, it’s possible to state that, instead of a free decision, the right to migrate becomes a compulsory obligation in order to survive: “going” and “coming”, it is far from being a free action, it ends up being the despair revelation from people who find themselves pressured for the need to survive. In addition, all the apology of the system to the right of spatial mobility collapses and becomes theoretically impossible, once the spatial mobility, under the rational capital view, is just an imaginative, a mere term of bourgeois discourse. The largest part of population, especially the sector condemned to social exclusion, leaves the lands and families not as a free action but as a life or death issue. Survival is at check. That is the reason of our insistence about the right of coming and going regards to the right of “remain” and experience the territories and choices in a dignified way.
In this paper, we aim to reveal the hidden face of sugarcane agrohydrobusiness under the analytical view of the EDR of Araçatuba, located in the northwest of São Paulo state, emphasizing the current moment of workforce, technical and productive restructuration in this sector, which has been imposing the unemployment plague to millions of workers due to the mechanization of sugarcane cutting and subjugating the ones remaining employed to excessive intensification of work. In general, the aim of this research was to reveal the actions and strategies of the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness from the point of view of territorial mobility at the EDR of Araçatuba, intending to understand the relations and impacts over the life and work conditions of migrant workers in sugarcane cutting. As we intend to prove, the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness is supported by the discourse of development, job and income creation to workers, even though, its concrete deployments do not focus on the improvement of life to poorer populations, and it is far beyond its objective, thus, instead of being the “salvation of plantation “to Brazil, this destructive production mode, organized under the dictates of the Capital System is found hindered in sense to workers. This way, the capital system uses as territorial trump, the territorial mobility process, aiming to use the workforce in the most profitable territories to the capital. Thus, it’s possible to state that, instead of a free decision, the right to migrate becomes a compulsory obligation in order to survive: “going” and “coming”, it is far from being a free action, it ends up being the despair revelation from people who find themselves pressured for the need to survive. In addition, all the apology of the system to the right of spatial mobility collapses and becomes theoretically impossible, once the spatial mobility, under the rational capital view, is just an imaginative, a mere term of bourgeois discourse. The largest part of population, especially the sector condemned to social exclusion, leaves the lands and families not as a free action but as a life or death issue. Survival is at check. That is the reason of our insistence about the right of coming and going regards to the right of “remain” and experience the territories and choices in a dignified way.
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Palavras-chave
Trabalho, Agrohidronegócio canavieiro, Mobilidade territorial do trabalho, Degradação programada do trabalhador, Work, Sugarcane agrohydrobusiness, Territorial mobility of work, Planned degradation of worker