Alterações cardiorrespiratórias promovidas por diferentes modos de ventilação em galinhas (Gallus gallus domesticus) anestesiadas com isoflurano
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Data
2018-05-17
Autores
Simionato, Giulia Carneiro [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A anestesia geral em aves induz moderada a severa depressão respiratória tornando a ventilação um ponto crítico de controle. Objetivou-se comparar os efeitos cardiorrespiratórios induzidos pela ventilação espontânea (ESP), ventilação mecânica com volume controlado (VCV) e ventilação com pressão controlada (PCV) durante duas horas de anestesia geral com isofluorano em sete galinhas (Gallus gallus domesticus). A CAM individual dos animais foi previamente determinada pelo método bracketing. As aves foram anestesiadas com 1,2 CAM de isofluorano e submetidas, a um dos três modos de ventilação avaliando-se os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e hemogasométricos. Foram modeladas as estruturas de correlação entre os momentos e para cada variável, os tratamentos foram comparados pelo teste Tukey (p≤0,05). Foi realizada também a análise de fatores para relacionar o comportamento das variáveis em conjunto, por meio da análise multivariada. O efeito das ventilações utilizadas, do momento analisado e seus efeitos cruzados sobre os fatores foram comparados utilizando análise de variância de uma via com repetições múltiplas. Na ocorrência de variação, o pósteste de Tukey foi realizado. As comparações foram consideradas estatisticamente diferentes para p≤0,10 e p≤0,05. A média da CAM individual foi 0,72 ± 0,08% no nível do mar. Os três modos ventilatórios foram eficientes em garantir a adequada hematose e oferta de oxigênio tecidual. Os modos de ventilação mecânica (VCV e PCV) não promoveram depressão cardiovascular adicional, provocando aumento do DC quando comparada com a ESP. Não foi possível determinar diferenças significativas entre os desempenhos dos dois modos de ventilação mecânica testados. Assim, o uso de técnicas de ventilação controlada é - aconselhável em aves. E VCV e PCV são igualmente eficientes quanto à manutenção dos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios em galinhas anestesiadas com isofluorano.
General anesthesia in birds induces moderate to severe respiratory depression, then ventilation is a critical point of control. The aim of this study was to compare the cardiorespiratory effects induced by spontaneous ventilation (ESP), volume controlled mechanical ventilation (VCV), and pressure controlled mechanical ventilation (PCV) during general anesthesia with isoflurane in chickens. Seven chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) underwent to general anesthesia for two hours with 1.2 MAC of isoflurane, determined by the bracketing method. Birds were randomly maintained in one of three ventilation modes, and cardiorespiratory and hemogasometric parameters were evaluated. The correlation structures between the moments and for each variable were modeled, the treatments were compared by the Tukey test (p≤0.05). It was also performed the analysis of factors to relate the behavior of the variables together, through a multivariate technique. The effect of the ventilations used, from the analyzed moment and their cross effects on the factors found were compared using one-way variance analysis with multiple replicates. In the occurrence of variation, Tukey's post-test was performed. The comparisons were considered statistically different for p≤0.10 and p≤0.05. Mean of the individual isoflurane MAC was 0.72 ± 0.08% at the sea level. The three ventilatory modes were efficient in guaranteeing adequate hematosis and supply of tissue O2. The modes of mechanical ventilation (VCV and PCV) did not promote additional cardiovascular depression, provoking increased DC when compared to ESP. It was not possible to determine significant differences between the performances of the two modes of mechanical ventilation tested. Thus, the use of controlled ventilation techniques is highly advisable. VCV and PCV are equally efficient in maintaining cardiorespiratory parameters in chickens anesthetized with isoflurane.
General anesthesia in birds induces moderate to severe respiratory depression, then ventilation is a critical point of control. The aim of this study was to compare the cardiorespiratory effects induced by spontaneous ventilation (ESP), volume controlled mechanical ventilation (VCV), and pressure controlled mechanical ventilation (PCV) during general anesthesia with isoflurane in chickens. Seven chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) underwent to general anesthesia for two hours with 1.2 MAC of isoflurane, determined by the bracketing method. Birds were randomly maintained in one of three ventilation modes, and cardiorespiratory and hemogasometric parameters were evaluated. The correlation structures between the moments and for each variable were modeled, the treatments were compared by the Tukey test (p≤0.05). It was also performed the analysis of factors to relate the behavior of the variables together, through a multivariate technique. The effect of the ventilations used, from the analyzed moment and their cross effects on the factors found were compared using one-way variance analysis with multiple replicates. In the occurrence of variation, Tukey's post-test was performed. The comparisons were considered statistically different for p≤0.10 and p≤0.05. Mean of the individual isoflurane MAC was 0.72 ± 0.08% at the sea level. The three ventilatory modes were efficient in guaranteeing adequate hematosis and supply of tissue O2. The modes of mechanical ventilation (VCV and PCV) did not promote additional cardiovascular depression, provoking increased DC when compared to ESP. It was not possible to determine significant differences between the performances of the two modes of mechanical ventilation tested. Thus, the use of controlled ventilation techniques is highly advisable. VCV and PCV are equally efficient in maintaining cardiorespiratory parameters in chickens anesthetized with isoflurane.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anestesia, Aves, Hemodinâmica, Hipoventilação, Ventilação controlada, Anesthesia, Birds, Hemodynamics, Hypoventilation, Controlled ventilation