Espectro clínico e prognóstico de pacientes com Leishmaniose Visceral Americana internados no Hospital Estadual Bauru (Bauru - SP)
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2018-08-01
Autores
Simão, José Cláudio
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma zoonose negligenciada e emergente na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Sua alta letalidade e as dificuldades para prevenção e controle fazem da LV um grave problema de saúde pública. Nós realizamos um estudo em casuística de um hospital de referência no município de Bauru, São Paulo. Foram realizadas: (I) descrição do quadro clínico e laboratorial; (II) estudo de preditores de óbito, recidiva e aquisição de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS, anteriormente denominadas “infecções hospitalares”); (III) análise de preditores de incidência de LV e da coinfecção LV-HIV em setores censitários de Bauru. A coorte de base deste estudo foi composta de 683 sujeitos. O quadro clínico típico, com febre e hepatoesplenomegalia, foi mais frequente em monoinfectados que na coinfecção. Os preditores de óbito foram a idade e a soropositividade para HIV, sendo esta última também associada à recidiva. A carga de comorbidades e a inserção de cateteres venosos centrais foram fatores associados à aquisição de IRAS. Por fim, na análise espacial, observou-se maior incidência de LV e coinfecção LV-HIV em áreas periféricas de baixa renda e com urbanização precária.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected and emerging zoonosis in the Southeastern Region of Brazil. Its high lethality and the difficulties for prevention and control make VL a serious public health problem. We studied VL cases attending a referral hospital in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil. The following analyses were performed: (I) description of clinical and laboratory conditions; (II) study of predictors of death, recurrence and acquisition of healthcareassociated infections (HAIs, formerly referred to as "nosocomial infections"); (III) analysis of predictors of VL incidence and VL-HIV coinfection in Bauru census sectors. The baseline cohort of this study was composed of 683 subjects. The typical clinical picture, with fever and hepatosplenomegaly, was more frequent in monoinfected subjects than in coinfection. The predictors of death were age and HIV seropositivity, the latter being also associated with relapse. The burden of comorbidities and the insertion of central venous catheters were factors associated with the acquisition of HAIs. Finally, in the spatial analysis, we found higher incidence of VL and VL-HIV co-infection in peripheral areas of low income and with precarious urbanization.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected and emerging zoonosis in the Southeastern Region of Brazil. Its high lethality and the difficulties for prevention and control make VL a serious public health problem. We studied VL cases attending a referral hospital in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil. The following analyses were performed: (I) description of clinical and laboratory conditions; (II) study of predictors of death, recurrence and acquisition of healthcareassociated infections (HAIs, formerly referred to as "nosocomial infections"); (III) analysis of predictors of VL incidence and VL-HIV coinfection in Bauru census sectors. The baseline cohort of this study was composed of 683 subjects. The typical clinical picture, with fever and hepatosplenomegaly, was more frequent in monoinfected subjects than in coinfection. The predictors of death were age and HIV seropositivity, the latter being also associated with relapse. The burden of comorbidities and the insertion of central venous catheters were factors associated with the acquisition of HAIs. Finally, in the spatial analysis, we found higher incidence of VL and VL-HIV co-infection in peripheral areas of low income and with precarious urbanization.
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fatores de risco, leishmaniose visceral, letalidade, prognóstico, recidiva, risk factors, visceral leishmaniasis, lethality, prognosis, relapse