Efeitos da fototerapia associado a um treinamento de sprints e agachamento no comportamento da modulação autonômica da frequência cardíaca: um ensaio clínico randomizado por amostra estratificada, placebo-controlado
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Data
2018-07-06
Autores
Custodio Junior, Altair
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: Estudos recentes têm demonstrado resultados positivos na aplicação da fototerapia para a melhora da performance. Dentre as modalidades utilizadas para avaliar a adaptação ao exercício tem-se a modulação autonômica cardíaca avaliada por meio da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), uma ferramenta usada como parâmetro para prescrição individual de treinamento. Objetivo: Analisar e comparar o efeito de um protocolo de fototerapia combinando diferentes fontes de luz (laser de baixa potência e LEDs) e comprimentos de onda (vermelho e infra-vermelho) aplicada durante treinamento de sprint e agachamento na modulação autonômica da frequência cardíaca. Método: o estudo foi composto por 38 participantes do sexo masculino, alocados a partir de uma randomização estratificada em três grupos: controle (n=12), placebo (n=14) e grupo fototerapia (n=12). A fototerapia utilizada combinou diferentes fontes de luz (laser de baixa potência e LEDs) e comprimentos de onda (vermelho e infra-vermelho). Os participantes foram submetidos a um treinamento combinado de sprints e agachamento realizado duas vezes por semana por 12 semanas sendo divididas em duas fases de seis semanas cada. A aplicação da fototerapia e placebo foi administrada na fase 2 do treinamento, após o treino de sprints e imediatamente antes do treino de agachamento. A VFC foi analisada no momento basal; após seis semanas e final (12sem). Os dados foram analisados utilizando a Análise de Variância para Medidas Repetidas (pós-teste de Bonferroni), o qual forneceu informações sobre os efeitos de tempo, grupo e interação. Toda a análise estatística assumiu o nível de significância de 5%. Foi utilizado o software IBM SPSS versão 20.0 para conduzir as análises dos dados. A esfericidade dos dados foi testada pelo teste de Mauchly. No caso de violação do pressuposto de esfericidade, foi utilizada a correção de Greenhouse-Geisser. Resultados: O treinamento combinado de 12 semanas foi capaz de influenciar o comportamento autonômico cardíaco do ponto de visto global e vagal, fato suportado pelo tamanho do efeito grande, independente do uso da fototerapia. Conclusão: O treinamento de Sprint e agachamento resultaram em aumento da modulação autonômica cardíaca avaliado pelos índices LF m² e HF m² no domínio da frequência, Mean RR, RMSSD e SDNN no domínio do tempo e SD1 e SD2 no plot de Poincaré.
Introduction: Recent studies have shown positive results in the application of phototherapy for the improvement of performance and acceleration of the body homeostasis process. Among the methods used to assess the recovery post-exercise there is cardiac autonomic modulation assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), a widely used tool to evaluate medium global behavior of the autonomic nervous system in sports. Objective: To analyze and compare the effect of a special protocol of phototherapy using different light sources interacting with a combined training by measuring the autonomic modulation of heart rate in different moments (baseline; after six weeks and after 12 weeks). Methods: 38 male participants were allocated from a stratified randomization into three groups: control (n=12), placebo (n=14) and special protocol of phototherapy group (n=12). Participants were asked to perform a combined training of sprints and squats twice a week for twelve weeks divided into two phases. The application of phototherapy and placebo was administered in phase 2, after sprints and just before the squats. The phototherapy used was a combination of different light sources and wavelength (red and infrared). The HRV was analyzed in three moments: baseline; after six weeks and after 12 weeks. It was performed the analysis of variance for repeated measures (Bonferroni post-test), which provides information on the time, group and interaction effects. All statistical analyzes assumed the significance level of 5%. Thus, values of mean and standard deviation were considered. The statistical analysis was conducted in IBM SPSS version 20.0 (IBM corporation, Somers, Nova Iorque, EUA). After the adaptation process, the data was analyzed as described below. The sphericity of the data was tested by Mauchly test. In case of violation of the sphericity assumption, the correction of Greenhouse-Geisser was performed. Results: The combined training of 12 weeks was able to influence the autonomic global and vagal modulation. This fact is supported by the large effect size, regardless the use of phototherapy. Conclusion: The phototherapy protocol applied during the training didn’t promote additional effects to the cardiac autonomic modulation. On the other hand, sprint training and squatting resulted in increases in the following Mean RR, RMSSD, SDNN, SD1, SD2, LF m² e HF m².
Introduction: Recent studies have shown positive results in the application of phototherapy for the improvement of performance and acceleration of the body homeostasis process. Among the methods used to assess the recovery post-exercise there is cardiac autonomic modulation assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), a widely used tool to evaluate medium global behavior of the autonomic nervous system in sports. Objective: To analyze and compare the effect of a special protocol of phototherapy using different light sources interacting with a combined training by measuring the autonomic modulation of heart rate in different moments (baseline; after six weeks and after 12 weeks). Methods: 38 male participants were allocated from a stratified randomization into three groups: control (n=12), placebo (n=14) and special protocol of phototherapy group (n=12). Participants were asked to perform a combined training of sprints and squats twice a week for twelve weeks divided into two phases. The application of phototherapy and placebo was administered in phase 2, after sprints and just before the squats. The phototherapy used was a combination of different light sources and wavelength (red and infrared). The HRV was analyzed in three moments: baseline; after six weeks and after 12 weeks. It was performed the analysis of variance for repeated measures (Bonferroni post-test), which provides information on the time, group and interaction effects. All statistical analyzes assumed the significance level of 5%. Thus, values of mean and standard deviation were considered. The statistical analysis was conducted in IBM SPSS version 20.0 (IBM corporation, Somers, Nova Iorque, EUA). After the adaptation process, the data was analyzed as described below. The sphericity of the data was tested by Mauchly test. In case of violation of the sphericity assumption, the correction of Greenhouse-Geisser was performed. Results: The combined training of 12 weeks was able to influence the autonomic global and vagal modulation. This fact is supported by the large effect size, regardless the use of phototherapy. Conclusion: The phototherapy protocol applied during the training didn’t promote additional effects to the cardiac autonomic modulation. On the other hand, sprint training and squatting resulted in increases in the following Mean RR, RMSSD, SDNN, SD1, SD2, LF m² e HF m².
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Palavras-chave
Fotobiomodulação, Recuperação da função fisiológica, Sistema nervoso autônomo, Laser super-pulsado, Diodo emissor de luz, Photobiomodulation, Recovery of function, Autonomic nervous system, Super-pulsed laser, Led light