Dinâmica de fluidos computacional para análise de escoamento em turbinas tipo bulbo modificadas pelo uso do biomimetismo.
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Data
2018-12-14
Autores
Teixeira, Gustavo de Almeida Rodrigues
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A busca por estudos visando às melhorias em projetos de engenharia relacionados às turbinas hidráulicas se tornam cada vez mais essenciais considerando a crescente demanda por fontes de energias renováveis como as usinas hidrelétricas. Por este motivo, cresce a necessidade de estudos sobre turbinas hidráulicas, por meio de inovações tecnológicas, que proporcionem a melhoria do rendimento das mesmas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo aplicar modificações nas turbinas por meio de técnicas de projeto, como o biomimetismo, nas pás dos rotores de turbinas do tipo Bulbo e comparar o comportamento do escoamento sobre as pás e o rendimento dessas turbinas com aquelas projetadas sem a aplicação do biomimetismo. Para atingir esse objetivo a modelagem da turbulência se dá através da metodologia URANS (unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes) e o modelo de turbulência escolhido foi o k-ε, por ser ideal em escoamentos turbulentos, demandar um menor tempo de simulação computacional e apresentar maior semelhança com dados experimentais. Como resultado, observa-se que as mudanças realizadas na geometria das pás das turbinas, baseadas nos conceitos e técnicas de biomimetismo, proporcionaram aumento de desempenho nas turbinas bulbo, evidenciando-se assim a capacidade do biomimetismo de proporcionar melhorias em projetos de turbinas hidráulicas, que ainda é pouco difundida e estudada. Para a realização desse trabalho, usa-se o software comercial SolidWorks® para a criação da geometria e o ANSYS Student® (versão 19.1) para a análise do escoamento utilizando a dinâmica de fluidos computacional (CFD).
The search for studies aimed at improving engineering projects related to hydraulic turbines becomes increasingly essential considering the increasing demand for renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric plants. For this reason, the need is growing for studies about hydraulic turbines, by means of technological innovations, that provide the improvement in these turbines. The objective of this work is to apply modifications in turbines by means of design techniques, such as biomimicry, on the rotor blades of the Bulb type turbine, and to compare the flow behavior on the blades and the performance of these turbines with those projected without the application of the biomimetism. To accomplish this objective, turbulence modeling was performed using the URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) methodology and the turbulence model chosen was k-ε, because it is ideal in turbulent flows, requires a shorter computational simulation time and presents greater similarity with experimental data. As a result, changes in turbine blade geometry, based on biomimetic concepts and techniques, have resulted in significant performance gains in bulb turbines, thus demonstrating the ability of biomimetric to provide improvements in hydraulic turbine designs , which is still less widespread and studied. The commercial SolidWorks® software was used for the creation of geometry and the ANSYS Student® (version 19.1) for flow analysis using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
The search for studies aimed at improving engineering projects related to hydraulic turbines becomes increasingly essential considering the increasing demand for renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric plants. For this reason, the need is growing for studies about hydraulic turbines, by means of technological innovations, that provide the improvement in these turbines. The objective of this work is to apply modifications in turbines by means of design techniques, such as biomimicry, on the rotor blades of the Bulb type turbine, and to compare the flow behavior on the blades and the performance of these turbines with those projected without the application of the biomimetism. To accomplish this objective, turbulence modeling was performed using the URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) methodology and the turbulence model chosen was k-ε, because it is ideal in turbulent flows, requires a shorter computational simulation time and presents greater similarity with experimental data. As a result, changes in turbine blade geometry, based on biomimetic concepts and techniques, have resulted in significant performance gains in bulb turbines, thus demonstrating the ability of biomimetric to provide improvements in hydraulic turbine designs , which is still less widespread and studied. The commercial SolidWorks® software was used for the creation of geometry and the ANSYS Student® (version 19.1) for flow analysis using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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Dinâmica de fluidos computacional, Turbina hidráulica, Volumes finitos, Rotor, Biomimetismo, Computational fluid dynamics, Hydraulic turbine, Finite volumes, Rotor, Biomimetism