Inferências evolutivas e citotaxonômicas em Pentatomomorpha (Heteroptera)
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Data
2019-03-08
Autores
Firmino, Tatiani Seni de Souza
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de auxiliar na compreensão da evolução cromossômica de Heteroptera e na busca por compreender como o genoma se organiza/reorganiza para a posição cromossômica do DNAr 45S, foram analisadas 15 espécies de Heteroptera com a sonda de DNAr 18S e comparamos nossos resultados com aqueles descritos na literatura para as infraordens Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha e Nepomorpha. O mapeamento do gene 45S na família Coreidae demonstrou que as espécies apresentaram marcações nos autossomos, com exceção de Acantocephala parensis e Leptoglossus gonagra, que apresentaram marcações em m-cromossomos. A maioria das espécies da família Pentatomidae apresentou marcação nos autossomos, com exceção de duas espécies que apresentaram o DNAr 45S no cromossomo X e duas que apresentaram marcação nos cromossomos sexuais X e Y. Espécies da família Pyrrhocoridae apresentaram marcações DNAr 45S em autossomos, cromossomo X e Neo X. As famílias Largidae e Scutelleridae foram representadas por apenas uma espécie que apresentou marcação no cromossomo X e em um par de autossomos, respectivamente. O estudo dos genes ribossômicos na infraordem Nepomorpha é restrito ao conhecimento dos marcadores em seis espécies da família Belostomatidae (marcação nos autossomos ou cromossomos sexuais). E a infraordem Cimicomorpha mostrou grande variabilidade para o gene 45S, incluindo intraespecífica. Miridae e Cimicidae apresentaram marcações restritas aos cromossomos sexuais, já Tingidae e Reduviidae apresentaram marcadores nos autossomos e/ou cromossomos sexuais. Com base nisso, caracterizamos o arranjo de 45S DNAr nos cromossomos de Heteroptera e discutimos os principais eventos evolutivos relacionados à reorganização genômica dessas espécies durante os eventos de evolução do cromossomo e cariótipo nas infraordens Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha e Nepomorpha.
With the objective of assisting in the understanding of the chromosome evolution of Heteroptera and in the quest to understand how the genome organizes/reorganizes for the chromosomal position of the 45S rDNA, we analyzed 15 species of Heteroptera grouped in the Pentatomomorpha infraorder with the probe of 18S rDNA and we compare our results with those described in the literature for Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Nepomorpha infraorders. The mapping of the 45S gene in the Coreidae family demonstrated that the species presented markings on the autosomes, with the exception of Acantocephala parensis and Leptoglossus gonagra that showed markers on m-chromosomes. Most species of the Pentatomidae family showed marking in the autosomes, except for two species that had 45S rDNA on X sex chromosome and two that showed marking on the X and Y sex chromosomes. Species of the Pyrrhocoridae family showed 45S rDNA markers in autosomes, X chromosome as well as in Neo X. The Largidae and Scutelleridae families were represented by only one species that showed marking on the X sex chromosome and on a pair of autosomes, respectively. The study of ribosomal genes in the Nepomorpha infraorder is restricted to the knowledge of the markers in six species of the Belostomatidae family (marking on the autosomes or sex chromosomes) and in the Cimicomorpha infraorder showed great variability for the 45S gene, including intraspecific: Miridae and Cimicidae presented markings restricted to sex chromosomes and Tingidae and Reduviidae showed markers on the autosomes and/or sex chromosomes. Based on this, we characterized the arrangement of 45S DNAr in the chromosomes of Heteroptera and discussed the main evolutionary events related to the genomic reorganization of these species during the events of chromosome and karyotype evolution in Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Nepomorpha infraordens.
With the objective of assisting in the understanding of the chromosome evolution of Heteroptera and in the quest to understand how the genome organizes/reorganizes for the chromosomal position of the 45S rDNA, we analyzed 15 species of Heteroptera grouped in the Pentatomomorpha infraorder with the probe of 18S rDNA and we compare our results with those described in the literature for Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Nepomorpha infraorders. The mapping of the 45S gene in the Coreidae family demonstrated that the species presented markings on the autosomes, with the exception of Acantocephala parensis and Leptoglossus gonagra that showed markers on m-chromosomes. Most species of the Pentatomidae family showed marking in the autosomes, except for two species that had 45S rDNA on X sex chromosome and two that showed marking on the X and Y sex chromosomes. Species of the Pyrrhocoridae family showed 45S rDNA markers in autosomes, X chromosome as well as in Neo X. The Largidae and Scutelleridae families were represented by only one species that showed marking on the X sex chromosome and on a pair of autosomes, respectively. The study of ribosomal genes in the Nepomorpha infraorder is restricted to the knowledge of the markers in six species of the Belostomatidae family (marking on the autosomes or sex chromosomes) and in the Cimicomorpha infraorder showed great variability for the 45S gene, including intraspecific: Miridae and Cimicidae presented markings restricted to sex chromosomes and Tingidae and Reduviidae showed markers on the autosomes and/or sex chromosomes. Based on this, we characterized the arrangement of 45S DNAr in the chromosomes of Heteroptera and discussed the main evolutionary events related to the genomic reorganization of these species during the events of chromosome and karyotype evolution in Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Nepomorpha infraordens.
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Palavras-chave
Pentatomomorpha, Cimicomorpha, Nepomorpha, FISH, Dnar 45s