Resposta ao tratamento da osteoporose e osteopenia em portadores de cirrose hepática
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Data
2019-02-27
Autores
Santos, Lívia Alves Amaral [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: O tratamento das alterações ósseas em portadores de cirrose ainda não está bem definido, fazendo com que vários pacientes permaneçam sem tratamento e venham a ter complicações graves como fraturas e dores crônicas. Objetivos: Avaliar a segurança e a eficácia do tratamento da osteoporose e osteopenia em indivíduos com cirrose e varizes de esôfago de baixo risco de sangramento. Materiais e métodos: indivíduos com osteoporose receberam risedronato associado a suplementação de cálcio e vitamina D, e os com osteopenia receberam somente a suplementação nutricional. A análise sobre a segurança foi realizada por endoscopias pré-tratamento, após 6 e 12 meses, bem como por consultas após um ano para avaliar se houve eventos adversos. Esses resultados foram comparados entre o grupo osteoporose e o grupo osteopenia pelo teste exato de Fisher. A análise sobre a eficácia foi realizada por meio da Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA), comparando valores pré-tratamento e após 2 anos em cada indivíduo através da estimativa do intervalo de confiança e pelo teste t de Student. Resultados: Os achados endoscópicos e eventos adversos foram semelhantes entre os grupos. No grupo osteoporose houve aumento do T-escore da coluna lombar (p<0,001), sem sinais de perda óssea no colo femoral. O grupo osteopenia não teve melhora óssea vertebral e sofreu redução do T-escore do colo do fêmur (p= 0,019). Conclusão: Os tratamentos foram seguros, mas somente o com risedronato proporcionou melhora óssea da coluna lombar e evitou a perda óssea no colo femoral, mostrando-se uma opção promissora para ambos os grupos.
Introduction: The treatment of bone loss in patients with cirrhosis is not well defined, so that many patients do not receive effective therapy and develop complications such as fractures and chronic pain. Aim: To evaluate the safety and the efficacy of osteoporosis and osteopenia treatment in patients with liver cirrhosis and low-risk esophageal varices. Materials and methods: The osteoporosis treatment consisted of risedronate associated with calcium and vitamin D supplementation, while the osteopenia treatment comprised only the nutritional supplementation. The safety assessment was done by endoscopic exams before and during the treatment (6 and 12 months), as well as by outpatient appointments carried out 1 year after starting the treatment. These results were compared between the osteoporosis and osteopenia groups through the Fisher exact test. The efficacy analysis was measured through the T-score assessed by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA), which was performed before and at 2 years of treatment by calculating the 95% confidence interval and applying the t-Student test. Results: The endoscopic findings and the adverse events were similar between the groups. The osteoporosis group had a significant increase in the lumbar spine T-score (p <0.001), with no bone loss in the femoral neck. The osteopenia group had no improvement in vertebral bones and suffered a clear reduction in the femoral neck T-score (p = 0.019). Conclusion: The treatments were safe but only the one with risedronate promoted the improvement in vertebral bones and avoided a significant bone loss in the femoral neck, as a promising option for both groups.
Introduction: The treatment of bone loss in patients with cirrhosis is not well defined, so that many patients do not receive effective therapy and develop complications such as fractures and chronic pain. Aim: To evaluate the safety and the efficacy of osteoporosis and osteopenia treatment in patients with liver cirrhosis and low-risk esophageal varices. Materials and methods: The osteoporosis treatment consisted of risedronate associated with calcium and vitamin D supplementation, while the osteopenia treatment comprised only the nutritional supplementation. The safety assessment was done by endoscopic exams before and during the treatment (6 and 12 months), as well as by outpatient appointments carried out 1 year after starting the treatment. These results were compared between the osteoporosis and osteopenia groups through the Fisher exact test. The efficacy analysis was measured through the T-score assessed by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA), which was performed before and at 2 years of treatment by calculating the 95% confidence interval and applying the t-Student test. Results: The endoscopic findings and the adverse events were similar between the groups. The osteoporosis group had a significant increase in the lumbar spine T-score (p <0.001), with no bone loss in the femoral neck. The osteopenia group had no improvement in vertebral bones and suffered a clear reduction in the femoral neck T-score (p = 0.019). Conclusion: The treatments were safe but only the one with risedronate promoted the improvement in vertebral bones and avoided a significant bone loss in the femoral neck, as a promising option for both groups.
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Palavras-chave
Cirrose hepática, Osteoporose, Risedronato, Varizes de esôfago, Densidade mineral óssea, Liver cirrhosis, Osteoporosis, Risedronate, Esophageal varices, Bone Mineral Density