Controle jurisdicional preventivo: possibilidades de preservação da Constituição
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Data
2019-02-25
Autores
Leme, Geraldo Luiz Cabreira Paes
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A dissertação se dedica a investigar as possibilidades de realização de controle jurisdicional de constitucionalidade abstrato e preventivo no sistema jurídico brasileiro. Elabora-se a presente temática a partir da observação das recorrentes vezes em que o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) é provocado a se posicionar sobre procedimentos legislativos que afrontam, em tese, a Constituição federal de 1988 (CF/88). As alegações de inconstitucionalidade originam-se principalmente a partir das Propostas de Emenda à Constituição (PEC) que ameaçam às cláusulas pétreas previstas no art. 60, § 4º, incisos I, II, III e IV da CF/88. Para tanto, realiza-se no presente trabalho uma análise bibliográfica e teórica dos elementos da teoria constitucional que estão relacionados com o controle de constitucionalidade. O primeiro capítulo da dissertação è destinado à contextualização sobre as origens das Constituições modernas, bem como as principais características do Poder Constituinte (originário e derivado) que se relaciona diretamente com a supremacia da Constituição. Ato contínuo, no segundo capítulo são apresentados os principais modelos de controle de constitucionalidade desenvolvidos por países como Estados Unidos da América, França, Áustria. Apresentam-se, também, as adaptações que demais Estados europeus realizaram, derivadas principalmente do modelo o austríaco, bem como a formação das Cortes Constitucionais. Não obstante, nesse capítulo são, também, elencadas as principais classificações dos controles de constitucionalidade com o intuito de facilitar a apreensão do tema. O terceiro capítulo é destinado à compreensão do desenvolvimento constitucional brasileiro. Abordam-se, especialmente, elementos como o controle de constitucionalidade no Brasil, o Supremo Tribunal Federal e sua atuação. Por fim são analisados casos julgados pelo STF que apresentam o entendimento desse tribunal sobre o controle abstrato e preventivo de constitucionalidade, bem como são elencados os principais entraves e obstáculos para a aplicação dessa possibilidade. Concluí-se que em nome da preservação dos princípios elementares da Constituição, estipulados na forma de cláusulas pétreas, para que não ocorra o desmantelamento da organização Estatal, nem tão pouco a ofensa aos direitos fundamentais, é possível que o Supremo Tribunal Federal, excepcionalmente, realize essa modalidade de controle.
The aim of this work is to investigate the possibilities of realizing an abstract and preventive judicial control of constitutionality at the brazilian law system. The standing theme is made from the observation of the many times in which the Federal Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal, STF) is instigated to positionate itself about the law procedures that go aginst, in theory, the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88). The explanations of unconstitutionality are originated especially from the Purposes of Amendments to the Constitution (Propostas de Emendas Constitucionais, PEC) that threaten the immutable clauses expected in the article 60, § 4th, subsections I, II, III and IV, from the 1988 Constitution. Therefore, in this work there’s a theoric and bibliograhpic analisys of the elements from the consitutional theory which are related to the consitutionality control. The first chapter is destinated for contextualizing the origins of the modern Constitutions, as well as the main characteristics of the Consituent Power (both ortiginary and derivative) which is directly related with the Constitution’s Supremacy. Second, in the second chapter it’s introduced a wide range of the main models of constitutionality control, developed by countrys such as the United States of America, France and Austria. Also, the further adaptations made by other european States, derivative specially from the Austriac model, and another item that is also introduced is the formation of Consitutional Courts. Withal, in this chapter are also highlighted the essential classifications of constitutionality controls, aiming a better comprehension of this theme. After this, the third chapter focus at the understanding of the Constitutional development in Brazil. One of this chapter highlights is also the discussion on elements like the constitutionality control in Brazil, the Federal Supreme Court and its acting. Finally, its made the analysis of situations judged by the Federal Supreme Court, which show this Court understanding concerning the abstract and preventive constituotinality control, as well as the listing the major obstacles put against the application of this possibility.In conclusion, in the name of the preservantion of the elementary Constitutional ideals, stipulated in theshape of immutable clauses, and to not allow the dismantling of the State’s organization, nor the ofense to the fundamental rights, it’s possible that the Federal Supreme Court perform this model of control.
The aim of this work is to investigate the possibilities of realizing an abstract and preventive judicial control of constitutionality at the brazilian law system. The standing theme is made from the observation of the many times in which the Federal Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal, STF) is instigated to positionate itself about the law procedures that go aginst, in theory, the 1988 Federal Constitution (CF/88). The explanations of unconstitutionality are originated especially from the Purposes of Amendments to the Constitution (Propostas de Emendas Constitucionais, PEC) that threaten the immutable clauses expected in the article 60, § 4th, subsections I, II, III and IV, from the 1988 Constitution. Therefore, in this work there’s a theoric and bibliograhpic analisys of the elements from the consitutional theory which are related to the consitutionality control. The first chapter is destinated for contextualizing the origins of the modern Constitutions, as well as the main characteristics of the Consituent Power (both ortiginary and derivative) which is directly related with the Constitution’s Supremacy. Second, in the second chapter it’s introduced a wide range of the main models of constitutionality control, developed by countrys such as the United States of America, France and Austria. Also, the further adaptations made by other european States, derivative specially from the Austriac model, and another item that is also introduced is the formation of Consitutional Courts. Withal, in this chapter are also highlighted the essential classifications of constitutionality controls, aiming a better comprehension of this theme. After this, the third chapter focus at the understanding of the Constitutional development in Brazil. One of this chapter highlights is also the discussion on elements like the constitutionality control in Brazil, the Federal Supreme Court and its acting. Finally, its made the analysis of situations judged by the Federal Supreme Court, which show this Court understanding concerning the abstract and preventive constituotinality control, as well as the listing the major obstacles put against the application of this possibility.In conclusion, in the name of the preservantion of the elementary Constitutional ideals, stipulated in theshape of immutable clauses, and to not allow the dismantling of the State’s organization, nor the ofense to the fundamental rights, it’s possible that the Federal Supreme Court perform this model of control.
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Palavras-chave
Direito Constitucional, Supremo Tribunal Federal, Cláusulas pétreas, Controle de constitucionalidade, Constitutional Law, Federal Supreme Court, Immutable clauses, Constitutionality control