Mídias radicais: espaços de ação e criação para narrativas em favor da vida
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Data
2019-04-17
Autores
Bataier, Carolina
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação de mestrado busca discutir as mídias radicais enquanto espaços de desenvolvimento de narrativas em favor da vida e contra os discursos excludentes e violentos presentes nas mídias corporativas, a partir da definição de mídia radical desenvolvida por John Downing. Diante do domínio das narrativas de grupos dominantes presentes na mídia corporativa, é importante compreender a dinâmica dos espaços onde é possível desenvolver narrativas de enfrentamento a esses discursos a fim de trazer à esfera pública novas compreensões da realidade, em favor dos grupos sócio-acêntricos, formandos por mulheres, negros, indígenas e LGBTQ+s (Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Transexuais e Queers). Dessa compreensão, surgiu a proposta da pesquisa que resultou nesta dissertação. A pesquisa se deu sobre duas mídias radicais: a peça de teatro Bicho Transparente, com temática sobre violência contra mulheres; e o portal de notícias Jornal Dois, cuja proposta é produzir reportagens sobre temas relacionados à cidade de Bauru, a fim de promover reflexão acerca dos problemas relativos às desigualdades sociais, raciais e de gênero. A análise do conteúdo dessas mídias partiu de critérios desenvolvidos com base no conceito de bionarrativa, referente às narrativas em favor da vida e em oposição às necronarrativas, narrativas de justificativa da morte de sujeitos pertencentes aos grupos sócio-acêntricos. Os critérios são: aproximação, quando o construtor da narrativa realiza imersão no universo do fato ou situação que pretende relatar; humanização, quando, ao narrar um fato ou situação, respeita os preceitos inerentes ao ser humano de acordo com a Declaração Universal de Direitos Humanos; e pluralidade, quando traz para a narrativa os depoimentos dos sujeitos diretamente envolvidos com o fato ou situação, dando ao relato o mesmo peso da opinião da figura apontada como autoridade no assunto. Como reflexões finais, aponto para a capacidade das mídias radicais de disputarem a narrativa na esfera pública; sugiro a criatividade como ferramenta de manutenção dessas mídias e proponho dez ações para a elaboração de mídias radicais com potencial para desenvolvimento de bionarrativas e fortalecimento de grupos sócio-acêntricos.
This master thesis seeks to discuss the radical medias as spaces for development of narratives in favor of life and against the exclusionary and violent discourses present in the corporate media, from the definition of radical media developed by John Downing. In face of the dominant groups’ narratives present in corporate media, it is important to understand the dynamics of spaces where it is possible to develop narratives to confront these discourses in order to bring new understandings about reality to the public sphere in favor of the socio-accentric groups, formed by women, blacks, indigenous people and LGBTQs (Lsbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Trangender and Queers). The research proposal that resulted in this dissertation emerged from that understanding. The research’s analyses was based on two radical media: the play Bicho Transparente, about violence against women; and the news portal Jornal Dois, whose proposal is to bring reports about issues related to the city of Bauru, in depth with the proposal to promote reflection on the problems related to social, racial and gender inequalities. In order to analyze the content of these media, I developed criteria analysis based on the concept of bionarrativa, referring to the narratives in favor of life and in opposition to the necronarratives, narratives that justify death of subjects belonging to social minorities. The criteria are: approximation, when the narrative constructor performs immersion in the universe of the fact or situation that he or she intends to report; humanization, when the narrative respects the precepts inherent to the human being in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; and plurality, when the narrative brings the statements of the subjects directly involved with the fact or situation, giving the account the same weight of the opinion of the figure pointed as authority. As final reflections, I suggest the radical media’s potential to dispute space of narratives in the public sphere; that creativity is a tool for the maintenance of radical media and I propose ten actions for the elaboration of radical media with the potential for the development of bionarrativas and the strengthening of social minorities.
This master thesis seeks to discuss the radical medias as spaces for development of narratives in favor of life and against the exclusionary and violent discourses present in the corporate media, from the definition of radical media developed by John Downing. In face of the dominant groups’ narratives present in corporate media, it is important to understand the dynamics of spaces where it is possible to develop narratives to confront these discourses in order to bring new understandings about reality to the public sphere in favor of the socio-accentric groups, formed by women, blacks, indigenous people and LGBTQs (Lsbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Trangender and Queers). The research proposal that resulted in this dissertation emerged from that understanding. The research’s analyses was based on two radical media: the play Bicho Transparente, about violence against women; and the news portal Jornal Dois, whose proposal is to bring reports about issues related to the city of Bauru, in depth with the proposal to promote reflection on the problems related to social, racial and gender inequalities. In order to analyze the content of these media, I developed criteria analysis based on the concept of bionarrativa, referring to the narratives in favor of life and in opposition to the necronarratives, narratives that justify death of subjects belonging to social minorities. The criteria are: approximation, when the narrative constructor performs immersion in the universe of the fact or situation that he or she intends to report; humanization, when the narrative respects the precepts inherent to the human being in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; and plurality, when the narrative brings the statements of the subjects directly involved with the fact or situation, giving the account the same weight of the opinion of the figure pointed as authority. As final reflections, I suggest the radical media’s potential to dispute space of narratives in the public sphere; that creativity is a tool for the maintenance of radical media and I propose ten actions for the elaboration of radical media with the potential for the development of bionarrativas and the strengthening of social minorities.
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Palavras-chave
Mídias radicais, Necronarrativa, Bionarrativa, Teatro, Jornalismo, Radical media, Theater, Journalism