Análise morfológica e imunoistoquímica de biópsias de medula óssea para estadiamento de linfoma difuso de grandes células B
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Data
2019-07-30
Autores
Nóbrega, Vinicius Cardoso [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O linfoma difuso de grandes células B (LDGCB) integra o grupo das neoplasias malignas hematopoiéticas classificado como linfomas não-Hodgkin e representa o subtipo mais prevalente no Brasil e no mundo. Ao seu diagnóstico, segue-se um estadiamento clínico denominado Classificação de Ann-Arbor/Lugano, visando estimar o tratamento. Neste estadiamento, além de exames laboratoriais, parâmetros clínicos e imagens radiológicas, faz-se avaliação da medula óssea (MO) para pesquisa de infiltração neoplásica. O presente estudo comparou a análise unicamente morfológica da MO em relação à combinação da morfologia com imunoistoquímica (IHQ) na detecção de infiltração neoplásica medular em pacientes com LDGCB. Para isso, realizou-se levantamento retrospectivo de 113 pacientes diagnosticados com LDGCB submetidos a biópsia/aspirado de MO para estadiamento. Informações clínicas foram levantadas nos prontuários médicos e as lâminas histológicas de biópsias e coágulos de MO foram revisadas quanto a seus aspectos morfológicos. Procedeu-se estudo IHQ com os marcadores CD20 e CD3, sendo este o padrão ouro. A sensibilidade da análise morfológica isolada foi de 42,9%, considerada baixa se considerarmos que esta serviria como um exame de triagem. A quantidade de acúmulos linfoides (AcL) na MO e o aumento de trama reticulínica no acúmulo linfoide mostraram p-valor respectivamente de 0,02, para uma mediana de 2 acúmulos, e 0,01 para uma mediana de trama reticulínica de II, mostrando assim existir uma relação destes dois parâmetros morfológicos com infiltração da MO. Disso, podemos concluir que não se recomenda a análise morfológica isolada, devendo estar sempre estar associada à IHQ, muito embora sempre que as circunstâncias exigirem o médico patologista pode apoiar-se nesses dois parâmetros para uma tomada de decisão necessária.
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) belongs to a group of hematopoietic malignancies called Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas, being the most prevalent in Brazil. After the diagnosis is followed a staging, called Ann-Arbor/Lugano classification, aiming to estimate the treatment. This staging, in addition to laboratory exams, clinical parameters and radiological images, includes the histological evaluation of bone marrow (BM) for the investigation of neoplastic infiltration. The present study compared BM morphological analysis only and morphology combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect BM infiltration in patients with DLBCL. For this, a retrospective survey was performed on 113 patients diagnosed with LDGCB submitted to biopsy / aspiration for BM staging. Clinical information was reviewed from medical records and histological biopsy and clots were reviewed for morphological aspects. The IHQ study was performed with CD20 and CD3 markers. The sensitivity of the isolated morphological analysis was 42.9%, considered low if we remember that this evaluation would serve as a screening test. The amount of lymphoid agreggates in BM and the increase in reticulin stain into the lymphoid agreggates showed p-value respectively of 0.02 and a median of 2 agreggates and 0.01 for a grade II reticulin, thus showing a relation of these two morphological parameters with BM infiltration. After this, we can conclude that the isolated morphological analysis is not recommended, and should always be associated with the IHC analysis, although whenever circumstances require the pathologist can rely on these two parameters for a necessary decision-making.
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) belongs to a group of hematopoietic malignancies called Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas, being the most prevalent in Brazil. After the diagnosis is followed a staging, called Ann-Arbor/Lugano classification, aiming to estimate the treatment. This staging, in addition to laboratory exams, clinical parameters and radiological images, includes the histological evaluation of bone marrow (BM) for the investigation of neoplastic infiltration. The present study compared BM morphological analysis only and morphology combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect BM infiltration in patients with DLBCL. For this, a retrospective survey was performed on 113 patients diagnosed with LDGCB submitted to biopsy / aspiration for BM staging. Clinical information was reviewed from medical records and histological biopsy and clots were reviewed for morphological aspects. The IHQ study was performed with CD20 and CD3 markers. The sensitivity of the isolated morphological analysis was 42.9%, considered low if we remember that this evaluation would serve as a screening test. The amount of lymphoid agreggates in BM and the increase in reticulin stain into the lymphoid agreggates showed p-value respectively of 0.02 and a median of 2 agreggates and 0.01 for a grade II reticulin, thus showing a relation of these two morphological parameters with BM infiltration. After this, we can conclude that the isolated morphological analysis is not recommended, and should always be associated with the IHC analysis, although whenever circumstances require the pathologist can rely on these two parameters for a necessary decision-making.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Linfoma, Linfoma difuso de grandes células B, Linfoma não Hodgkin, Medula óssea, Imunoistoquímica, Lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, bone marrow, immunohistochemistry