O "milagre" da pílula: os efeitos da mídia na opinião pública sobre o caso da fosfoetanolamina sintética
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Data
2019-08-21
Autores
Monari, Ana Carolina Pontalti
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa teve como proposta analisar a cobertura da fosfoetanolamina sintética realizada pelo portal de notícias G1- São Carlos e Araraquara, tendo como referência o período de agosto de 2015 a julho de 2016, momento em que teve início as solicitações de liminares de pacientes com câncer para obtenção do composto químico até o começo dos testes clínicos. Desta forma, pretendeu-se entender as estratégias jornalísticas para produção de notícias utilizadas pelo portal neste assunto, uma vez que a cobertura do caso ultrapassou os limites regionais do site, alcançando audiências em todas as partes do Brasil e demais veículos de comunicação. Para isso, trabalhamos com as contribuições de Michael Schudson (2010), Walter Lippmann (2008) e Siddhartha Mukherjee (2012) na fundamentação teórica sobre o papel da mídia na produção de acontecimentos midiáticos de saúde pública, em especial o câncer. A análise de conteúdo preconizada por Laurence Bardin (2016) foi utilizada para examinar profundamente e decodificar o material delimitado pelo estudo e a entrevista de profundidade (DUARTE; BARROS, 2011) permitiu observar os interesses da empresa de comunicação presentes na cobertura. Sucintamente, obtivemos como resultado da análise que o G1 – São Carlos e Araraquara fomentou a opinião pública sobre o caso da fosfoetanolamina sintética, oferecendo conteúdos para que a sociedade pudesse discutir e, consequentemente, promover ações para validar seus direitos cívicos no campo da saúde. Os dados também deixaram evidente que o portal regional sofreu influências de diversos segmentos e atores sociais durante a cobertura, o que ocasionou uma mudança de postura no tratamento da “pílula do câncer” e dos personagens-chave desse caso. Em suma, conseguimos compreender a função desempenhada pela mídia na produção de notícias relacionadas à saúde pública por meio da questão da fosfoetanolamina sintética.
The objective of this research was to analyze the coverage of synthetic phosphoethanolamine made by G1 – São Carlos e Araraquara, between august 2015 to July 2016, when the requests for injunctions of cancer patients began to obtain the chemical compound until the beginning of clinical trials. In this way, it was intended to understand the journalistic strategies for news production used by the portal in this subject, since the coverage of the case exceeded the regional limits of the site, reaching audiences in all parts of Brazil and other communication vehicles. For this, the contributions of Michael Schudson (2010), Walter Lippmann (2008) and Siddhartha Mukherjee (2012) was used in the theoretical foundation on the role of the media in the production of public health media events, especially cancer. The content analysis advocated by Laurence Bardin (2016) was used to deeply examine and decode the material delimited by the study and the depth interview (DUARTE; BARROS, 2011) made it possible to observe the interests of the communication company present in the coverage. Succinctly, we obtained as a result of the analysis that the G1 – São Carlos e Araraquara promoted public opinion on the case of synthetic phosphoethanolamine, offering contents so that society could discuss and, consequently, promote actions to validate their civic rights in the health field. The data also made it clear that the regional portal was influenced by several segments and social actors during the coverage, which led to a change of attitude in the treatment of the “cancer pill” and the key characters of this case. In short, we have been able to understand the role played by the media in producing news related to public health through the issue of synthetic phosphoethanolamine.
The objective of this research was to analyze the coverage of synthetic phosphoethanolamine made by G1 – São Carlos e Araraquara, between august 2015 to July 2016, when the requests for injunctions of cancer patients began to obtain the chemical compound until the beginning of clinical trials. In this way, it was intended to understand the journalistic strategies for news production used by the portal in this subject, since the coverage of the case exceeded the regional limits of the site, reaching audiences in all parts of Brazil and other communication vehicles. For this, the contributions of Michael Schudson (2010), Walter Lippmann (2008) and Siddhartha Mukherjee (2012) was used in the theoretical foundation on the role of the media in the production of public health media events, especially cancer. The content analysis advocated by Laurence Bardin (2016) was used to deeply examine and decode the material delimited by the study and the depth interview (DUARTE; BARROS, 2011) made it possible to observe the interests of the communication company present in the coverage. Succinctly, we obtained as a result of the analysis that the G1 – São Carlos e Araraquara promoted public opinion on the case of synthetic phosphoethanolamine, offering contents so that society could discuss and, consequently, promote actions to validate their civic rights in the health field. The data also made it clear that the regional portal was influenced by several segments and social actors during the coverage, which led to a change of attitude in the treatment of the “cancer pill” and the key characters of this case. In short, we have been able to understand the role played by the media in producing news related to public health through the issue of synthetic phosphoethanolamine.
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Palavras-chave
Mídia e saúde pública, Opinião pública, Análise de conteúdo, Fosfoetanolamina sintética, Media and public health, Public opinion, Content analysis, Synthetic phosphoethanolamine