Co-digestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias da bovinocultura de leite e do despolpamento de frutos do cafeeiro em reatores uasb em dois estágios
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Data
2019-06-25
Autores
Freitas, Kleber Alves de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A co-digestão de água residuária da bovinocultura leiteira (ARBL) e água residuária do beneficiamento do café (ARC) em reatores anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente com manta de lodos (UASB, R1 e R2), em série, é inédita e importante para o desenvolvimento dos setores envolvidos. Foram utilizadas proporções de 100:0; 85:15, 70:30 e 50:50 de ARBL:ARC no afluente dos reatores UASB e aplicados tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) de 2 (R1) e 4 (R2) dias. Isto proporcionou cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) de 11,9 (valor médio obtido nos testes 1 e 2, sem adição de ARC); 12,9 (teste 3); 14,0 (teste 4) e 21,3 (teste 5) g DQOtotal (L d)-1 no R1. As maiores produções volumétricas de metano, de até 0,89 L CH4 (L reator d)-1 foram obtidas com COV de 14,0 g DQO (L d)-1. As concentrações médias de fenóis totais no afluente variaram entre 6 e 132 mg L-1 e as eficiências médias de remoção nos reatores UASB, em dois estágios, foram de 35 a 52% com concentração de 50 mg L-1 para efluente do R2 após adição de ARC que contém elevadas concentrações de fenóis totais e apresentam toxicidade ao tratamento anaeróbio podendo afetar a estabilidade do processo. O sistema foi eficiente para remoção de ovos de helmintos. Os Domínios Bacteria e Archaea, as Ordens Methanobacteriales, Methanomicrobiales e Methanosarcinales e as Famílias Methanosaetaceae e Methanosarcinaceae se apresentaram de forma sincrônica e equilibrada na co-digestão anaeróbia dos resíduos estudados.
The co-digestion of dairy manure wastewater (DMW) and coffee processing wastewater (CPW) in up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB, R1 and R2) in series is unprecedented and important for the development of the sectors involved. Proportions of 100: 0; 85:15, 70:30 and 50:50 DMW:CPW were used in the UASB reactors influent and applied hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 (R1) and 4 (R2) days. This provided organic loading rate (OLR) of 11.9 (mean value obtained in tests 1 and 2, without addition of CPW); 12.9 (test 3); 14.0 (test 4) and 21.3 (test 5) g CODtotal (L d) -1 on R1. The highest volumetric methane yields of up to 0.89 L CH4 (L reactor d) -1 were obtained with OLR of 14.0 g COD (L d) -1. The mean concentrations of total phenols in the affluent ranged from 6-132 mg L-1 and the mean removal efficiencies in two-stage UASB reactors were 35-52% with 50 mg L-1 concentration for R2 effluent after addition of ARC containing high concentrations of total phenols and toxicity to anaerobic treatment may affect process stability. The system was efficient for removal of helminth eggs. The Bacteria and Archaea Domains, the Methanobacteriales, Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales Orders, and the Methanosaetaceae and Methanosarcinaceae families were presented in a synchronic and balanced manner in the anaerobic co-digestion of the residues studied.
The co-digestion of dairy manure wastewater (DMW) and coffee processing wastewater (CPW) in up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB, R1 and R2) in series is unprecedented and important for the development of the sectors involved. Proportions of 100: 0; 85:15, 70:30 and 50:50 DMW:CPW were used in the UASB reactors influent and applied hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 (R1) and 4 (R2) days. This provided organic loading rate (OLR) of 11.9 (mean value obtained in tests 1 and 2, without addition of CPW); 12.9 (test 3); 14.0 (test 4) and 21.3 (test 5) g CODtotal (L d) -1 on R1. The highest volumetric methane yields of up to 0.89 L CH4 (L reactor d) -1 were obtained with OLR of 14.0 g COD (L d) -1. The mean concentrations of total phenols in the affluent ranged from 6-132 mg L-1 and the mean removal efficiencies in two-stage UASB reactors were 35-52% with 50 mg L-1 concentration for R2 effluent after addition of ARC containing high concentrations of total phenols and toxicity to anaerobic treatment may affect process stability. The system was efficient for removal of helminth eggs. The Bacteria and Archaea Domains, the Methanobacteriales, Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales Orders, and the Methanosaetaceae and Methanosarcinaceae families were presented in a synchronic and balanced manner in the anaerobic co-digestion of the residues studied.
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Palavras-chave
Tratamento efluente de águas residuais, Microbiologia molecular, Metano, Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, Methanogenic bacteria, Manure