O tempo não para: o envelhecimento feminino como ato revolucionário
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Data
2019-09-27
Autores
Gerolamo, Joselene Cristina
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial que se apresenta na atualidade com um percentual em ascensão. Esta conjuntura tem mudado as configurações da pirâmide etária e produzido impacto nos processos de subjetivação no cenário contemporâneo, especialmente no que se refere às mulheres. A elas são demandadas a obediência aos padrões morais e corporais ditados pela sociedade atual, ainda fortemente marcada por imperativos patriarcais, que cultuam a beleza e a juventude eternas a serviço, principalmente, do homem. Este trabalho dedica-se a investigar e compreender os sentidos dados ao processo de envelhecimento na sociedade ocidental contemporânea para mulheres adultas de diferentes faixas etárias. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas direcionadas a dois grupos de mulheres com idades entre 20 a 35 anos e de 65 a 80 anos, sendo estas posteriormente sistematizadas, transcritas e qualitativamente analisadas, tendo como suporte metodológico a Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2009). No percurso da pesquisa, primeiramente discorremos acerca das singularidades e pluralidades que envolvem o processo de envelhecer na atualidade. Em seguida elegemos refletir sobre os ditames juvenis impostos e propagados pelo aparato midiático que se configuram como dispositivos reguladores do processo de envelhecer. Versamos também acerca da trajetória feminina de construção e dominação patriarcal dada por meio dos discursos de silenciamento avançando para a ditadura da beleza, culminando, enfim, o aceite do passar do tempo como forma de resistência no contemporâneo. Por meio aporte metodológico eleito foi possível elencar categorias de análise advindas das falas de nossas entrevistadas que corroboraram para a percepção sobre o processo de envelhecimento feminino atual. A velhice é tabu principalmente entre as mulheres jovens, as quais parecem aprisionadas em seus próprios corpos por preceitos patriarcais que insistem em se perpetuar ardilosamente. Já para as mulheres velhas apresenta-se como um período em que sonhos e desejos antes cerceados têm a possibilidade de concretizar-se. Além disso é preciso redimensionar o envelhecer e compreendê-lo como um processo que perpassa toda nossa existência. Quiçá esse seja o caminho para discutirmos mais abertamente sobre tal temática, a fim de vivermos o tempo em sua plenitude. Salientamos, ainda, a importância do feminismo como dispositivo potente na conquista pelo direito de envelhecer feminino que, apesar de todas as lutas, ainda não foi alcançado.
Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon that presents itself today with a rising percentage. This conjuncture has changed the configurations of the age pyramid and has produced an impact on the subjectivation processes in the contemporary scenario, especially when it comes to women. From them is required obedience to the moral and bodily standards dictated by today's society, still strongly stained by patriarchal imperatives, which promote an eternal cult to beauty and youth, mainly in service of men. This study is devoted to investigate and comprehend the meanings given to the aging process in contemporary Western society for adult women from different age groups. The gathering of data was performed through semi-structured interviews headed towards two groups of women aged 20 to 35 years and from 65 to 80 years; those interviews were later systematized, transcribed and qualitatively analyzed, using Bardin’s (2009) Content Analysis proposal as methodological support. Through the course of the research, the singularities and pluralities that encompass the aging process today are the first matters brought to discussion. Then we chose to reflect on the youth precept imposed and diffused by the media apparatus, which is configured as regulating device of the aging process. We also talk about the trajectory of construction and patriarchal domination of the feminine, through the silencing speeches, advancing to the beauty dictatorship, and culminating, finally, in the acceptance of time passage as a way of resistance in the contemporary. Through the chosen methodological support contribution, it was possible to list predicaments of analysis derived from the statements of our interviewees, which itemized the current perception of the female aging process. Being old is a taboo, especially among young women, who seem trapped in their own bodies by patriarchal precepts that perpetually insists on perpetuating themselves. For old women, however, old age is presented as a period in which dreams and desires previously curtailed gain the possibility of coming true. In addition, it is necessary to give a new dimension to aging and understand it as a process that runs through our entire existence. Perhaps this is the way to discuss more openly about such a theme, so that we can live time in its fullness. We also stress the importance of feminism as a powerful device in the acquisition of the female right to grow old, which, in spite of all the struggles, has not been achieved yet.
Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon that presents itself today with a rising percentage. This conjuncture has changed the configurations of the age pyramid and has produced an impact on the subjectivation processes in the contemporary scenario, especially when it comes to women. From them is required obedience to the moral and bodily standards dictated by today's society, still strongly stained by patriarchal imperatives, which promote an eternal cult to beauty and youth, mainly in service of men. This study is devoted to investigate and comprehend the meanings given to the aging process in contemporary Western society for adult women from different age groups. The gathering of data was performed through semi-structured interviews headed towards two groups of women aged 20 to 35 years and from 65 to 80 years; those interviews were later systematized, transcribed and qualitatively analyzed, using Bardin’s (2009) Content Analysis proposal as methodological support. Through the course of the research, the singularities and pluralities that encompass the aging process today are the first matters brought to discussion. Then we chose to reflect on the youth precept imposed and diffused by the media apparatus, which is configured as regulating device of the aging process. We also talk about the trajectory of construction and patriarchal domination of the feminine, through the silencing speeches, advancing to the beauty dictatorship, and culminating, finally, in the acceptance of time passage as a way of resistance in the contemporary. Through the chosen methodological support contribution, it was possible to list predicaments of analysis derived from the statements of our interviewees, which itemized the current perception of the female aging process. Being old is a taboo, especially among young women, who seem trapped in their own bodies by patriarchal precepts that perpetually insists on perpetuating themselves. For old women, however, old age is presented as a period in which dreams and desires previously curtailed gain the possibility of coming true. In addition, it is necessary to give a new dimension to aging and understand it as a process that runs through our entire existence. Perhaps this is the way to discuss more openly about such a theme, so that we can live time in its fullness. We also stress the importance of feminism as a powerful device in the acquisition of the female right to grow old, which, in spite of all the struggles, has not been achieved yet.
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Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento, Mulheres, Subjetividade, Aging, Women, Subjectivity