A carpoteca como ferramenta no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de morfologia de frutos
Carregando...
Data
2020-02-18
Autores
Matheus, Lucas Castro
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As coleções biológicas têm se mostrado muito importantes no processo de geração de conhecimento e, portanto, desempenham um papel fundamental na aprendizagem / ensino. A carpoteca, uma coleção de frutos preparada, apóia estudos taxonômicos, ecológicos e fisiológicos nos campos da botânica econômica, etnobotânica e em todas as atividades científicas de conservação das floras locais. A preparação de uma carpoteca requer conhecimento sobre a ampla diversidade morfológica de frutos e sementes e a terminologia apropriada para sua classificação. É preciso também saber como coletar, conservar e organizar o material e como usá-lo de maneira didática. O objetivo do presente estudo foi preparar uma coleta de frutos de plantas do Jardim Botânico do IBB-UNESP, cidade de Botucatu, no período de dezembro de 2018 a setembro de 2019. As coletas foram realizadas em trilhas pedestres no jardim. O material coletado foi medido com paquímetro digital, pesado em balança de precisão e fotografado em papel quadriculado para verificar o tamanho dos frutos. A conservação dos frutos carnosos foi realizada em meio líquido em recipientes de vidro com álcool a 70% e glicerina, e os frutos secos em recipientes de vidro contendo sílica (após secagem em estufa a 60 ° C). Todas as espécies nos frutos foram coletadas e identificadas. No total, 69 espécies de 36 famílias foram encontradas, reunidas e estudadas. As Fabaceae eram a família com a maioria das espécies ocorrendo. Em geral, predominaram os frutos polispérmicos e indeiscentes, com síndromes de dispersão zoocórica. Um atlas com descrições e ilustrações das plantas coletadas e seus frutos (“Carpoatlas”) mostra a variabilidade dos frutos das plantas estudadas. O atlas e o material coletado foram depositados no Jardim Botânico de Botucatu e no herbário BOTU para fins didáticos e, assim, familiarizar os alunos com a diversidade de frutos.
Biological collections have been shown to be very important in the process of knowledge generation and thus play a fundamental role in learning/teaching. The collection of fruits, a prepared fruit collection, supports taxonomic, ecological and physiological studies in the fields of economic botany, ethnobotany and in all scientific activities of conservation of local floras. The preparation of a fruit collection requires knowledge about the broad morphological diversity of fruits and seeds and the appropriate terminology for its classification. One also has to know how to collect, conserve and organize the material and how to use it in a didactive way. The aim of the present study was to prepare a fruit collection from plants of the Botanical Garden of the IBB-UNESP, city of Botucatu, during the period of December 2018 to September 2019. The collections were done along walking trails in the garden. The collected material was measured with a digital caliper, weighed on a precision balance and photographed on a squared paper to verify the size of fruits. The conservation of the fresh fruits was done in liquid medium in glass containers with alcohol 70% and glycerin, and the dried fruits in glass containers containing silica (after drying in an oven at 60°C). All species in fruit were collected and identified to species. In total, 69 species of 36 families were found, assembled and studied. The Fabaceae were the family with most species occurring. In general, indehiscent, polyspermic fruits with zoochoric dispersal syndromes prevailed over other types. An atlas with descriptions and illustrations of the collected plants and their fruits (“Carpoatlas”) shows the variability of fruits of the studied plants. The atlas and the collected material were deposited at the Botanical Garden in Botucatu and the herbarium BOTU for use in teaching purposes and thus making students familiar with fruit diversity
Biological collections have been shown to be very important in the process of knowledge generation and thus play a fundamental role in learning/teaching. The collection of fruits, a prepared fruit collection, supports taxonomic, ecological and physiological studies in the fields of economic botany, ethnobotany and in all scientific activities of conservation of local floras. The preparation of a fruit collection requires knowledge about the broad morphological diversity of fruits and seeds and the appropriate terminology for its classification. One also has to know how to collect, conserve and organize the material and how to use it in a didactive way. The aim of the present study was to prepare a fruit collection from plants of the Botanical Garden of the IBB-UNESP, city of Botucatu, during the period of December 2018 to September 2019. The collections were done along walking trails in the garden. The collected material was measured with a digital caliper, weighed on a precision balance and photographed on a squared paper to verify the size of fruits. The conservation of the fresh fruits was done in liquid medium in glass containers with alcohol 70% and glycerin, and the dried fruits in glass containers containing silica (after drying in an oven at 60°C). All species in fruit were collected and identified to species. In total, 69 species of 36 families were found, assembled and studied. The Fabaceae were the family with most species occurring. In general, indehiscent, polyspermic fruits with zoochoric dispersal syndromes prevailed over other types. An atlas with descriptions and illustrations of the collected plants and their fruits (“Carpoatlas”) shows the variability of fruits of the studied plants. The atlas and the collected material were deposited at the Botanical Garden in Botucatu and the herbarium BOTU for use in teaching purposes and thus making students familiar with fruit diversity
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Carpoatlas, Coleções biológicas, Ensino de botânica, Jardim Botânico, Biological collection, Botany teaching